X‐tended target projection (XTP)—comparison with orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) and PLS post‐processing by similarity transformation (PLS + ST)

Target projection (TP) also called target rotation (TR) was introduced to facilitate interpretation of latent‐variable regression models. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) regression and PLS post‐processing by similarity transform (PLS + ST) represent two alternative algorithms for the same purpose. In addition, OPLS and PLS + ST provide components to explain systematic variation in X orthogonal to the response. We show, that for the same number of components, OPLS and PLS + ST provide score and loading vectors for the predictive latent variable that are the same as for TP except for a scaling factor. Furthermore, we show how the TP approach can be extended to become a hybrid of latent‐variable (LV) regression and exploratory LV analysis and thus embrace systematic variation in X unrelated to the response. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the residual variation after removal of the target component is here used to extract the orthogonal components, but X‐tended TP (XTP) permits other criteria for decomposition of the residual variation. If PCA is used for decomposing the orthogonal variation in XTP, the variance of the major orthogonal components obtained for OPLS and XTP is observed to be almost the same, showing the close relationship between the methods. The XTP approach is tested and compared with OPLS for a three‐component mixture analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and a multicomponent mixture measured by near infrared spectroscopy in a reactor. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微机械陀螺仪的工作原理及其应用

本文详细介绍了意法半导体公司的电容式微机械陀螺仪的基本工作原理,其采用对称双质量块结构,驱动质量块由静电力驱动产生可控的运动速度,而检测质量块则由哥氏力推动运动。振荡驱动电路采用了双闭环的控制结构,有效地减小了温度或其它缺陷对振幅的影响,显著提高了陀螺仪的分辨率和稳定性。最后,以单轴偏航陀螺仪LY530AL为例,     

Effect of Cyclodextrins on the Chemical Stability of ST1435, a Contraceptive Steroid Progestin, in Aqueous Solution

The influence of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the chemical stability of the contraceptive steroid progestin, ST1435, in aqueous solution has been studied using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The effects of CD structure, temperature, and CD concentration on the rate of degradation were investigated. It was found that the drug degraded to different extents following a pseudo-first order reaction mechanism. The presence of the host molecules affected the degradation rate as a result of complexation which might result in protection of the labile moiety of the drug molecule against degradation. Hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin (HP--CD) and hydroxyethyl--cyclodextrin (HE--CD) retarded the degradation in contrast to -cyclodextrin (-CD) which accelerated the steroid degradation. The stabilizing action of HP--CD is larger than that of HE--CD. The degradation rate increased upon increasing temperature and the Arrhenius equation is valid. Lineweaver-Burk equation analysis indicated that the steroid included inside the CD cavity degraded three times more slowly than did the free ST1435 in solution. This equation further supported the formation of a 1 : 1 inclusion complex between ST1435 and HP--CD with a stability constant of 934.5 M-1 at 65°C.     

脉冲DT中子场中的CeF3、ST401 闪烁探测器输出比对

本工作对国内近年新研制的CeF3用于γ测量时的抗中子干扰能力进行研究,在脉冲DT中子源场中对分别由CeF3和ST401构成的闪烁探测器输出进行比较测量.在相同测点中子注量率情况下的测量结果表明:ST401探测器的输出电荷比同体积的CeF3高10多倍;ST401探测器的电流输出峰值幅度比同体积的CeF3高30多倍.由此可得到CeF3对中子相对不灵敏,在n、γ混合辐射场中测量快γ辐射时,该无机晶体将是一种较合适的候选闪烁体.     

CeF3闪烁探测器对五种能量中子的甄别能力研究

用CeF3闪烁体和常用闪烁体ST401分别配特性相同的光电倍增管构成两种闪烁探测器,在1.2MeV、2.5MeV、3.5MeV、5.0MeV和14MeV等能量的稳态中子源场中,测量了这两种闪烁体探测器的电流输出,得到结果表明:上述能量的中子与CeF3闪烁探测器作用形成的电流比同尺寸ST401闪烁体构成探测器的输出电流均低一个量级以上,这些结果与这两种探测器在钴、铯γ源中测量结果比较,可以得出在n、γ混合辐射场中测量γ辐射时,CeF3闪烁探测器能够较好地屏蔽这些能量中子的干扰.     

Pd(OAc)_2与有机双膦在氯代烷中的反应机理(Ⅱ)研究

在前文[1 ,2 ] 基础上 ,扩展了有机双膦系列 .应用电子自旋捕获技术 (EPR ST)研究了Pd(OAc) 2 与系列有机双膦dppm(二 (二苯基膦甲烷 ) )、dppe(二 (二苯基膦乙烷 ) )及dppp(二(二苯基膦丙烷 ) )在氯代烷中反应的反应机理 ,所用捕获剂为PBN ,得到EPR实验谱并进行了模拟 .提出了反应机理并进行了讨论 .并对影响反应的一些因素进行了探讨 .Pd(OAc) 2 在此反应中既是反应物又是引发剂 ,在反应中起分子诱导作用 .当Pd(OAc) 2 与非自由基物种有机双膦配体及氯代烷共存时 ,引发了自由基反应 .     

Review on recent and advanced applications of monoliths and related porous polymer gels in micro-fluidic devices

This review critically summarises recent novel and advanced achievements in the application of monolithic materials and related porous polymer gels in micro-fluidic devices appearing within the literature over the period of the last 5 years (2005-2010). The range of monolithic materials has developed rapidly over the past decade, with a diverse and highly versatile class of materials now available, with each exhibiting distinct porosities, pore sizes, and a wide variety of surface functionalities. A major advantage of these materials is their ease of preparation in micro-fluidic channels by in situ polymerisation, leading to monolithic materials being increasingly utilised for a larger variety of purposes in micro-fluidic platforms. Applications of porous polymer monoliths, silica-based monoliths and related homogeneous porous polymer gels in the preparation of separation columns, ion-permeable membranes, preconcentrators, extractors, electrospray emitters, micro-valves, electrokinetic pumps, micro-reactors and micro-mixers in micro-fluidic devices are discussed herein. Procedures used in the preparation of monolithic materials in micro-channels, as well as some practical aspects of the micro-fluidic chip fabrication are addressed. Recent analytical/bioanalytical and catalytic applications of the final micro-fluidic devices incorporating monolithic materials are also reviewed.     

拓扑分子格的ST分离性公理

借助半闭元、半远域等半拓扑概念在拓扑分子格中引入 ST分离性公理 ,给出它们的刻画 ,推广文 [2 ]中 T分离性公理 ,证明 T分离性与 ST分离性的关系为T-1↓ST-1←　←T0↓ST0←　←T1↓ST1←T-1←ST-1T2↓ST2←T1←T1T3↓ST3←T1←T1T4↓ST4     

基于ST7540的低压电力线通信分簇组网方法研究

目前,在低压配电网电力线窄带通信系统中存在通信可靠性差,通信距离短等问题.为此,介绍了一款最新推出的高性能电力线载波调制解调芯片ST7540的基本原理和新特征,给出了基于ST7540的电力线载波通信模块硬件接口电路和滤波电路.在此基础上,为了提高基于该芯片的窄带电力线载波通信系统的可靠性,提出并讨论一种基于非交叠分簇算法的电力线通信组网方法.经仿真和试验表明,该组网算法可以动态地建立电力线通信网络路由,实现自动中继.     

T_(5/2)LF拓扑空间和S_(5/2)LF拓扑空间的分离性

定义 ST2 12 L F拓扑空间的分离性 ,证明 T2 12 LF拓扑空间、ST2 12 LF拓扑空间与 LF拓扑空间的其他几个分离性是协调的 ,并考察它们的性质。