Screening an In-House Isoquinoline Alkaloids Library for New Blockers of Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels Using Voltage Sensor Fluorescent Probes: Hits and Biases

Voltage-gated Na⁺ (Na_V) channels are significant therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiac and neurological disorders, thus promoting the search for novel Na_V channel ligands. With the objective of discovering new blockers of Na_V channel ligands, we screened an In-House vegetal alkaloid library using fluorescence cell-based assays. We screened 62 isoquinoline alkaloids (IA) for their ability to decrease the FRET signal of voltage sensor probes (VSP), which were induced by the activation of Na_V channels with batrachotoxin (BTX) in GH3b6 cells. This led to the selection of five IA: liriodenine, oxostephanine, thalmiculine, protopine, and bebeerine, inhibiting the BTX-induced VSP signal with micromolar IC₅₀. These five alkaloids were then assayed using the Na⁺ fluorescent probe ANG-2 and the patch-clamp technique. Only oxostephanine and liriodenine were able to inhibit the BTX-induced ANG-2 signal in HEK293-hNa_V1.3 cells. Indeed, liriodenine and oxostephanine decreased the effects of BTX on Na⁺ currents elicited by the hNa_V1.3 channel, suggesting that conformation change induced by BTX binding could induce a bias in fluorescent assays. However, among the five IA selected in the VSP assay, only bebeerine exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Na⁺ currents elicited by the hNav1.2 and hNav1.6 channels, with IC₅₀ values below 10 µM. So far, bebeerine is the first BBIQ to have been reported to block Na_V channels, with promising therapeutical applications.     

一种高性能太阳敏感器复合光学系统设计

以夫朗禾费衍射理论为基础,结合微透镜,设计了一种高性能的数字式太阳敏感器复合光学系统。分析了光学系统的组成,建立了光学系统的数学模型,设计了光学系统的焦距、孔径和微透镜参量,并进行了成像的数值仿真。仿真结果表明,与基于掩模的光学系统相比,这种新型的复合光学系统成像光斑能量分布集中,保证计算光斑中心位置的高精度,使敏感器具有大视场和高精度的特点。     

红外探测器组网预警技术研究

通过对红外探测器组网的可行性进行分析和对其优化配置,数据接入与融合以及预警系统评估技术进行研究,为发展预警探测系统的集成实验提供了技术支撑,并为提升我国红外探测器组网技术水平提出了一些新的思路.     

甲烷探测系统中干涉噪声的研究

甲烷在近红外波段的探测越来越多,为了补偿弱吸收缺点,使用灵敏度高的谐波检测技术.由于DFB激光器具有长相干的特点,在探测系统中容易产生干涉噪声.本文就气室所造成的干涉噪声进行理论分析,讨论了干涉噪声与正弦调制指数、气室长度的关系.基于这种关系,通过选择恰当的参数来减少干涉噪声.文中指出选用二次谐波来检测气体的原因及减少干涉噪声的方法.介绍了结构简单的聚焦气室,与传统的准直气室相比,具有插入损耗小,噪声低等优点,足多点光纤传感系统的理想选择.     

Implementation of an efficient extreme learning machine for node localization in unmanned aerial vehicle assisted wireless sensor networks

Accurate node localization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an essential for many networking protocols like clustering, routing, and network map building. The classical localization techniques such as multilateration and optimization‐based least square localization (OLSL) techniques estimate position of unknown node (UN) from the distance measured between all anchor nodes (ANs) and UNs. On the other hand, node localization using fixed terrestrial ANs suffers from poor localization accuracy because the ground to ground (GG) channel link is not reliable. By contrast, the mobile anchor deployed in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provides high localization accuracy through reliable air to ground (AG) channel link. Still, the nonlinear distortion introduced in the wireless channel makes the distance measurement noisy. This noisy distance measurement also limits localization accuracy of classical localization techniques. Hence, the highly nonlinear artificial neural network (ANN) models such as multilayer perceptron (MLP) models can be applied effectively for node localization in UAV‐assisted WSNs. However, the MLP suffers from slow training speed, which limits its usage in real‐time applications. So, the extreme learning machine (ELM) is found to be a better alternative because it works on empirical error minimization theory, and its learning process requires only a single iteration. The detailed simulation analysis supports the proposed ELM localization scheme in terms of both localization accuracy and computational complexity.     

振镜结构对精度和速度的影响

从振镜的本体结构，使用材料和电容位置传感器三方面来讨论了对其精度和速度的影响     

挠性杆弯曲刚度测量的研究

挠性杆是挠性加速度计的关键零件,本文针对挠性杆尺寸细小,难以进行弯曲刚度测量的问题进行了分析。提出了一种新的测量方法,采用视觉传感器实时自动取样并计算挠性杆单端夹持时另一端的下垂角度,进而计算挠性杆的弯曲刚度。理论计算和测试结果表明,该方法可有效解决小尺寸挠性杆弯曲刚度监测中的精度低、操作困难、效率低下等问题。     

Improved Stretchable and Sensitive Fe Nanowire-Based Strain Sensor by Optimizing Areal Density of Nanowire Network

Flexible strain sensors, when considering high sensitivity and a large strain range, have become a key requirement for current robotic applications. However, it is still a thorny issue to take both factors into consideration at the same time. Here, we report a sandwich-structured strain sensor based on Fe nanowires (Fe NWs) that has a high GF (37–53) while taking into account a large strain range (15–57.5%), low hysteresis (2.45%), stability, and low cost with an areal density of Fe NWs of 4.4 mg/cm². Additionally, the relationship between the contact point of the conductive network, the output resistance, and the areal density of the sensing unit is analyzed. Microscopically, the contact points of the conductive network directly affect the sensor output resistance distribution, thereby affecting the gauge factor (GF) of the sensor. Macroscopically, the areal density and the output resistivity of the strain sensor have the opposite percolation theory, which affects its linearity performance. At the same time, there is a positive correlation between the areal density and the contact point: when the stretching amount is constant, it theoretically shows that the areal density affects the GF. When the areal density reaches this percolation threshold range, the sensing performance is the best. This will lay the foundation for rapid applications in wearable robots.     

喷漆室空调系统节能改造方案探讨

针对涂装车间喷漆室空调系统蒸汽浪费的问题,对喷漆室空调系统进行优化与节能改造,通过设置2套空调机组,采用自动控制系统,监控热力参数,实现了值班状态和生产状态的性能优化,预期空调系统年能源消耗将降低30%左右,节能效益可观。     

基于TMP04的PIC单片机测温实现

数字化温度传感器可以直接将温度量以数字脉冲信号形式输出,具有测量精度高、抗干扰能力强、传输距离远、外围接口电路简单等诸多优点.同时数字温度传感器还可直接与微处理器进行接口,大大方便了传感器输出信号的处理.本文以PWM模式输出的TMP04型数字式温度传感器为例,介绍由PIC单片机实现的几种测温方案,并给出软件设计流程.