SARS传播的数学模型的建立与分析

建立一个SARS传播的实用的、可求解的改进SIR模型,并用差分方法进行求解。利用北京SARS病例数据对模型验证表明,拟合曲线与实际数据基本吻合,平均相对绝对值误差为0．0153。对隔离时机的提前或延后造成的后果进行数值分析,可得出最终确诊病例累计数与隔离时机的延长或提前呈指数增长或下降的结论。     

SARS病毒攻击肺泡组织的耗氧机理研究

本文对SARS病毒攻击肺泡组织后的耗氧机理进行了理论研究。建立支气管末端肺泡组织内病毒和氧扩散模型,从工程角度解释了SARS攻击肺部的原因,特别讨论了影响肺部组织氧传输的因素。计算结果有助于更好地理解和提出抑制肺泡组织处氧耗乃至病毒攻击强度的措施。     

Analysis of multiplex PCR fragments with PMMA microchip

Microchip electrophoresis is a promising technique for analysis of bio-molecules. It has the advantages of fast analysis, high sensitivity, high resolution and low-cost of samples. Plastic chip has the potential of mass production for clinical use for its advantages in biocompatibility and low cost. In this work, the method for fabrication of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chip was described, and conditions for DNA separation were investigated with the chip. The PMMA microchip was used for detection of multiplex PCR products of 18 and 36 cases with SARS and hepatitis B virus infection under optimized separation conditions. Microchip electrophoresis showed higher sensitivity, higher resolution and less time consumption when compared with gel electrophoresis. The microchip electrophoresis with PMMA chip provided a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for analysis of multiplex PCR products.     

弹载斜视FMCW-SAR的改进距离堆栈算法

分析了弹载斜视FMCW-SAR的成像几何关系,建立了其点目标回波信号模型和推导了回波信号的二维波数域形式.大斜视情况下,二次以上的高次距离方位耦合项不能忽略,所以FMCW-SAR中常用的改进频率变标算法不再适用.提出的距离堆栈改进算法在聚焦深度范围内利用相同的斜距值进行距离堆栈操作,其计算效率提高了2D2f*/( 1.57cλ)倍.与改进的频率变标算法相比,不同斜视角仿真实验的结果验证所提算法的有效性和正确性.     

Olive-Derived Triterpenes Suppress SARS COV-2 Main Protease: A Promising Scaffold for Future Therapeutics

SARS CoV-2 pandemic is still considered a global health disaster, and newly emerged variants keep growing. A number of promising vaccines have been recently developed as a protective measure; however, cost-effective treatments are also of great importance to support this critical situation. Previously, betulinic acid has shown promising antiviral activity against SARS CoV via targeting its main protease. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory potential of this compound together with three other triterpene congeners (i.e., ursolic acid, maslinic acid, and betulin) derived from olive leaves against the viral main protease (M^pro) of the currently widespread SARS CoV-2. Interestingly, betulinic, ursolic, and maslinic acids showed significant inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 3.22–14.55 µM), while betulin was far less active (IC₅₀ = 89.67 µM). A comprehensive in-silico analysis (i.e., ensemble docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and binding-free energy calculation) was then performed to describe the binding mode of these compounds with the enzyme catalytic active site and determine the main essential structural features required for their inhibitory activity. Results presented in this communication indicated that this class of compounds could be considered as a promising lead scaffold for developing cost-effective anti-SARS CoV-2 therapeutics.     

SARS疫情分析及对北京疫情走势的预测

在考虑每个SARS病人每日平均传染概率和他的直接传染的平均期限的基础上，建立了一个统计分析模型．分析表明，每个病人可以造成直接感染他人的期限平均在20天左右，这个值在不同地区和不同疫情阶段似乎变化不大．病人的平均每天感染率与社会状况有关，在疫情爆发期较大，在疫情控制期要小很多．北京后期如果控制在香港后期的感染率水平上，则有望在6月上中旬下降到日增几例．然后再经过约一个月，即7月上中旬达到日增0病例，而累积总病例数将达到3100多．但如果北京的新病例下降速度与广东类似的话，则要再多花至少一个月，才能达到上述的效果，且累积总病例数会达到3800左右．     

Three dimensional model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase ATPase catalytic domain and molecular design of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase inhibitors

The modeling of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase ATPase catalytic domain was performed using the protein structure prediction Meta Server and the 3D Jury method for model selection, which resulted in the identification of 1JPR, 1UAA and 1W36 PDB structures as suitable templates for creating a full atom 3D model. This model was further utilized to design small molecules that are expected to block an ATPase catalytic pocket thus inhibit the enzymatic activity. Binding sites for various functional groups were identified in a series of molecular dynamics calculation. Their positions in the catalytic pocket were used as constraints in the Cambridge structural database search for molecules having the pharmacophores that interacted most strongly with the enzyme in a desired position. The subsequent MD simulations followed by calculations of binding energies of the designed molecules were compared to ATP identifying the most successful candidates, for likely inhibitors—molecules possessing two phosphonic acid moieties at distal ends of the molecule.     

基于元胞自动机的SARS传播模型

根据SARS的局部性、潜伏性特征以及传染病个体传播的特点,人群接触通过近距离邻居发生,利用元胞自动机模型时间、空间上离散,以局部规则为基础,以同步更新为前提讨论整体性质的机制,将人群分为易感者,带菌者,病人,免疫者之后,以易感者对SARS的抵抗能力、病人或带菌者对SARS的传染能力、人群的大小为参数,建立了基于元胞自动机的SARS传播模型.得到的结果可为从传染动力学角度控制SARS的传播提供依据.     

上海郊区某"非典"传染病房通风系统设计

介绍了上海郊区某“非典”传染病房通风系统的设计思路和设计中遇到的一些细节问题及相关解决措施。     

Sustainable chemical preventive models in COVID-19: Understanding,innovation, adaptations,and impact

COVID-19 is considered as a major public health problem caused by the SARS CoV-2. This Viral infection is known to induce worldwide pandemic in short period of time. Emerging evidence suggested that the transmission control and drug therapy may influence the preventive measures extensively as the host surrounding environment and pathogenic mechanism may contribute to the pandemic condition earlier in COVID-19 disease. Although, several animals identified as reservoir to date, however human-to-human transmission is well documented. Human beings are sustaining the virus in the communities and act as an amplifier of the virus. Human activities i.e., living with the patient, touching patient waste etc. in the surrounding of active patients or asymptomatic persons cause significant risk factors for transmission. On the other hand, drug target and mechanism to destroy the virus or virus inhibition depends on diversified approaches of drugs and different target for virus life cycle. This article describes the sustainable chemical preventive models understanding, requirements, technology adaptation and the implementation strategies in these pandemic-like situations. As the outbreak progresses, healthcare models focused on transmission control through disinfections and sanitization based on risk calculations. Identification of the most suitable target of drugs and regional control model of transmission are of high priority. In the early stages of an outbreak, availability of epidemiological information is important to encourage preventive measures efforts by public health authorities and provide robust evidence to guide interventions. Here, we have discussed the level of adaptations in technology that research professionals display toward their public health preventive models. We should compile a representative data set of adaptations that humans can consider for transmission control and adopt for viruses and their hosts. Overall, there are many aspects of the chemical science and technology in virus preventive measures. Herein, the most recent advances in this context are discussed, and the possible reasons behind the sustainable preventive model are presented. This kind of sustainable preventive model having adaptation and implementation with green chemistry system will reduce the shedding of the virus into the community by eco-friendly methods, and thus the risk of transmission and infection progression can be mitigated.