The new ether derivative of phenylpropanoid and bioactivity was investigated from the leaves of Piper betle L.

Abstract

A new ether derivative of phenylpropanoid compound, γ-(γ′-isohydroxychavicol)-chavicol octanyl ether (K1) along with one known phenylpropanoid named allyl-pyrocatechol or hydroxychavicol (2) were isolated from Piper betle var. kali collected from Tumluk district, West Bengal India. We first report the presence of compound K1 in the genus Piper. Their structures were established on the basis of various spectroscopic analyses. Compounds K1 and 2 showed excellent antioxidant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀ values of 4.61 and 4.12?µg/mL compared to ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant drug with IC₅₀ value of 3.42?µg/mL, respectively. Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic activities of compounds K1 and 2 showed significant effects against human oral cancer cell lines (AW13516 and AW8507), human hepatoma cell lines (HEPG2 and PLC-PRF-5) and a human pancreatic cell line (MIA-PA-CA-2), compared to Doxorubicin^® as a standard cytotoxic drug with GI₅₀ values of <10 and 18.18?µg/mL.     

一种用于心电信号采集的LCADC

设计了一种适用于心电信号处理的连续时间LCADC电路。电路去掉了传统电压模式的DAC模块,采用了N-bit电流舵DAC,解决了传统电压模式DAC存在的电容漏电问题。该电路包括一个电压至电流转换器、 7-bit电流舵DAC、电平交叉检测模块以及偏移标准补偿模块。 电路采用SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计,电源电压为1 V。仿真结果表明,整体电路功耗为8.1 μW @500 Hz。通过MATLAB对数据进行处理,SNDR为53.8 dB @500 Hz,ENOB达到了8.64 bit,输入信号范围内SNDR范围为52.8~63.6 dB,电路功耗范围为7.3~8.5 μW。该电路适用于低频心电信号的采集。     

基于分段电容阵列的改进型逐次逼近型ADC

为缩短高速模数转换器(ADC)中高位(MSB)电容建立时间以及减小功耗,提出了一种基于分段式电容阵列的改进型逐次逼近型(SAR)ADC结构,通过翻转小电容阵列代替翻转大电容阵列以产生高位数字码,并利用180 nm CMOS工艺实现和验证了此ADC结构。该结构一方面可以缩短产生高位数码字过程中的转换时间,提高量化速度;另一方面其可以延长大电容的稳定时间,减小参考电压的负载。通过缩小比较器输入对管的面积以减小寄生电容带来的误差,提升高位数字码的准确度。同时,利用一次性校准技术减小比较器的失配电压。最终,采用180 nm CMOS工艺实现该10 bit SAR ADC,以验证该改进型结构。结果表明,在1.8 V电源电压、780μW功耗、有电路噪声和电容失配情况下,该改进型SAR ADC得到了58.0 dB的信噪失真比(SNDR)。     

视频合成孔径雷达双域联合运动目标检测方法

视频合成孔径雷达(SAR)具有高帧率成像能力,可作为地面运动目标探测的重要技术手段。经典SAR地面动目标显示(SAR-GMTI)依靠目标回波能量来实现动目标检测,同时动目标阴影亦可作为视频SAR动目标检测的重要途径。然而,由于动目标能量和阴影的畸变或涂抹,依靠单一方式难以实现稳健的动目标检测。该文基于目标能量和阴影的双域联合检测思想,分别通过快速区域卷积神经网络和航迹关联两种技术途径实现了视频SAR动目标联合检测,给出了机载实测数据处理结果,并进行了详细分析。该文方法充分利用目标阴影与能量的特征及空时信息,提升了机动目标检测的稳健性。      

无人机载PolInSAR城区散射机制初步分析

极化干涉合成孔径雷达（PolInSAR）在城市遥感领域中扮演着重要角色。它能够提高图像的相干性并提高反演结果的精度,所以对于其散射机制的解释往往受到许多研究人员的关注。相关的研究多从极化分解的角度考虑,却少有人从散射中心高度方面进行分析。本文使用Ku波段无人机载极化干涉SAR系统,实现了使用无人机SAR系统对地面进行成像,比较了极化干涉最优分解与Pauli分解作用在不同人造目标时散射中心的关系。我们初步分析了极化干涉SAR的物理意义,并使用C波段的机载极化干涉SAR系统对结论进行验证。     

Structural study of pyrimidine nucleoside analogues. I: Molecular mechanics and semiempirical calculations of 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroarabinofuranosyluracils

Molecular mechanics (MM) calculations have been performed on the title compounds. For the MM minimum energy conformation obtained by conformational analysis, molecular orbital (MO) calculations (MNDO and AM1) have also been performed. The geometries obtained have been compared with the experimental ones extracted from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). A qualitative structure-activity relationship has been pointed out based on the electrostatic potentials calculated at different positions on the electronic surface.     

Improving (Q)SAR predictions by examining bias in the selection of compounds for experimental testing

ABSTRACT

Existing data on structures and biological activities are limited and distributed unevenly across distinct molecular targets and chemical compounds. The question arises if these data represent an unbiased sample of the general population of chemical-biological interactions. To answer this question, we analyzed ChEMBL data for 87,583 molecules tested against 919 protein targets using supervised and unsupervised approaches. Hierarchical clustering of the Murcko frameworks generated using Chemistry Development Toolkit showed that the available data form a big diffuse cloud without apparent structure. In contrast hereto, PASS-based classifiers allowed prediction whether the compound had been tested against the particular molecular target, despite whether it was active or not. Thus, one may conclude that the selection of chemical compounds for testing against specific targets is biased, probably due to the influence of prior knowledge. We assessed the possibility to improve (Q)SAR predictions using this fact: PASS prediction of the interaction with the particular target for compounds predicted as tested against the target has significantly higher accuracy than for those predicted as untested (average ROC AUC are about 0.87 and 0.75, respectively). Thus, considering the existing bias in the data of the training set may increase the performance of virtual screening.     

对星载SAR压制式干扰的作战使用问题

压制式干扰是对抗星载SAR的重要手段，目前对星载SAR实施压制式干扰的方法可分为直达波压制干扰和间接波压制干扰。本文针对星载SAR的作战使用特点，在分析压制式干扰技术的基础上，重点对星载SAR压制式干扰的战术使用问题进行了研究，并且将压制干扰与间接波压制干扰的作战使用作了比较。研究结果表明：间接波干扰更有利于干扰设备作战效能的发挥，在对抗星载SAR的过程中有直达波干扰无法比拟的优势。     

贝叶斯融合在SAR图像分类中的应用

本文研究将数据融合理论用于SAR图像分类.通过贝叶斯理论进行多通道SAR图像测量级数据融合,充分利用像素的从属信息并获得单通道分类无法获取的分类结果,有效保留各通道有用信息并抑制图像中的斑点噪声;针对贝叶斯融合涉及到的先验概率的问题采用两种方式进行先验概率估计,对估计引起的马赛克现象提出了三种解决方法;并提出三种先验概率融合方法,比较得出相对最优的SAR图像多通道分类方案.     

SAR成像质量指标评估软件系统的设计

合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)是一种应用广泛的微波遥感成像雷达,能够全天时、全天候对地观测成像,并且图像有着高方位分辨率。SAR图像研究是遥感方向最为重要的前沿领域之一。目前没有一套专门的软件系统工具来对SAR成像进行指标的计算与测量,都是建立在通用的辅助工具如MATLAB上,计算效率低且不方便。文中设计了一种SAR成像的质量评估系统软件,该系统中包含一套比较完备的SAR成像质量指标,然后以这套指标为主要出发点,设计开发出SAR图像质量指标评价的软件。该软件以C/C++语言为基础,以OGRE和CEGUI等开源库为框架。该系统能够实现对数据文件的读取、图像的基本操作、图像和数据的质量指标测定、指标的测定和计算等,并且有着友好的人机交互功能。