QSPR-based prediction of adsorption of halogenated aromatics on yellow-brown soil

Halogenated aromatic compounds exist widely in soil and aqueous environment. The study of their transport and distribution is quite important for pollution control and risk assessment. In the present work, the adsorption coefficients of 28 halogenated benzenes, anilines and phenols on yellow-brown soil were measured with batch equilibrium method, and a prediction model was developed through the quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) technique. Then the obtained model was tested with Monte Carlo simulation and Jacknife methods. The results indicated that it was robust enough to estimate soil adsorption behaviors for the tested compounds. Based on the obtained model, it could be deduced that the adsorption of halogenated aromatics on yellow-brown soil was not a simple partitioning process but involved complicated interactions.     

Robustness Validation – A physics of failure based approach to qualification

Product reliability is crucial to the success of a company. Product qualification today is based on standards that follow a stress-test driven approach, meaning pre-defined stress tests with pre-defined stress conditions. However, reliability requirements have increased, while at the same time both designs of semiconductor components and usage of these components in the applications have increasingly been pushed to the limits. This development raises the question, how far the standard procedures are still suitable for reliability assessment. Robustness Validation is an approach to a failure-mechanism-driven qualification that was primarily initiated by the automotive industry but has a much wider range of applicability. The paper will give an introduction to the basic ideas of Robustness Validation. Some limitations including statistical aspects will also be discussed.     

Electrical Overstress of Integrated Circuits

Common misconceptions regarding electrical overstress (EOS) and the failure characteristics of integrated circuits (ICs) are summarized, analyzed and clarified. In order to avoid EOS fails right from the beginning of the IC design process, a methodology is proposed that accounts for the special characteristics of ICs and their applications in order to deal with EOS in the design, handling and application of ICs.     

Distributionally robust scheduling on parallel machines under moment uncertainty

This paper investigates a distributionally robust scheduling problem on identical parallel machines, where job processing times are stochastic without any exact distributional form. Based on a distributional set specified by the support and estimated moments information, we present a min-max distributionally robust model, which minimizes the worst-case expected total flow time out of all probability distributions in this set. Our model doesn’t require exact probability distributions which are the basis for many stochastic programming models, and utilizes more information compared to the interval-based robust optimization models. Although this problem originates from the manufacturing environment, it can be applied to many other fields when the machines and jobs are endowed with different meanings. By optimizing the inner maximization subproblem, the min-max formulation is reduced to an integer second-order cone program. We propose an exact algorithm to solve this problem via exploring all the solutions that satisfy the necessary optimality conditions. Computational experiments demonstrate the high efficiency of this algorithm since problem instances with 100 jobs are optimized in a few seconds. In addition, simulation results convincingly show that the proposed distributionally robust model can hedge against the bias of estimated moments and enhance the robustness of production systems.     

Spatial multicriteria decision support for robust land-use suitability: The case of landfill site selection in Northeastern Greece

Multicriteria spatial decision support systems (MC-SDSS) have emerged as an integration of geographical information systems (GIS) and multiple criteria decision aid (MCDA) methods for incorporating conflicting objectives and decision makers’ preferences into spatial decision models. In this paper, we present spatial UTASTAR (S-UTASTAR), a raster-based MC-SDSS for land-use suitability analysis. The multicriteria component of the system is based on the UTA-type disaggregation-aggregation approach. S-UTASTAR is applied in a raster-based case study concerning land-use suitability analysis to identify appropriate municipal solid waste landfill (MSW) sites in Northeast Greece. Moreover, robustness analysis tools are implemented to guarantee robust decision support results. More specifically, during the aggregation phase, the Stochastic Multiobjective Acceptability Analysis (SMAA) is used to indicate the frequency at which a site achieves the best ranking positions within a large set of alternative landfill sites.     

Application profiles of integrated circuits in various industry fields

Integrated circuits play an increasingly important role in various fields.The aging effects,which lead to robustness problems in integrated circuits,has gained more attention.Therefore,during the design process the robustness problem must already be calculated.Generally,the time-dependent influences such as NBTI（negative bias temperature instability）and HCI（hot carrier injection）contribute to circuit aging problems[1].     

An information-theoretic framework for robustness

This is a paper about the foundation of robust inference. As a specific example, we consider semiparametric location models that involve a shape parameter. We argue that robust methods result via the selection of a representative shape from a set of allowable shapes. To perform this selection, we need a measure of disparity between the true shape and the shape to be used in the inference. Given such a disparity, we propose to solve a certain minimax problem. The paper discusses in detail the use of the Kullback-Leibler divergence for the selection of shapes. The resulting estimators are shown to have redescending influence functions when the set of allowable shapes contains heavy-tailed members. The paper closes with a brief discussion of the next logical step, namely the representation of a set of shapes by a pair of selected shapes.     

变速仿形系统中的模糊控制方法

本文介绍一种新型的活塞环非圆轮廓曲线的数控仿形系统，其基本原理是以某种凸轮曲线作为刀具进给运动的基准线，应用调速原理，独立调节刀具的进给速度，使之与机床主轴保持一定的关系，在电机。反转的前提下加工出不同型号和规格的活塞环零件。为提高系统的速度调节精度和系统的鲁棒性，本文着重阐述了智能决策方法和模糊控制技术在本系统中的应用。     

The effects of nonnormality on asymptotic distributions of some likelihood ratio criteria for testing covariance structures under normal assumption

This paper examines asymptotic distributions of the likelihood ratio criteria, which are proposed under normality, for several hypotheses on covariance matrices when the true distribution of a population is a certain nonnormal distribution. It is well known that asymptotic distributions of test statistics depend on the fourth moments of the true population's distribution. We study the effects of nonnormality on the asymptotic distributions of the null and nonnull distributions of likelihood ratio criteria for covariance structures.     

数字音频信号中的频域扰动调制水印嵌入

扰动调制是一种非线性水印技术,已应用于数字图像。本文结合听觉特性,利用这一技术将水印信号嵌入在数字音频频域中。实验表明水印的嵌入不会被人耳觉察,并且该方案在抵抗各种常见的攻击方面表现出良好的稳健性。