Sn-Ag-Cu焊料中金属间化合物对焊接性能的影响

讨论了Sn-Ag-Cu焊料与Cu焊盘间在回流焊过程中形成的金属间化合物(IMC)的种类、形态,Ag含量和Cu含量对IMC的影响,IMC在老化过程中的生长演变及其对焊接性能的影响。结果表明:Sn-Ag-Cu焊料与Cu焊盘之间的金属间化合物主要是Cu6Sn5和长针状的Ag3Sn,Ag和Cu的添加对组织有明显细化作用,但过量添加会影响IMC的性能。IMC的演变主要是与老化温度、老化时间有关,较厚的IMC不利于焊接性能的提高。     

CH4,CO2和O2制合成气反应中载体对Ni催化剂抗氧化性能的影响

在ＣＨ４、ＣＯ２ 催化氧化制合成气反应中, Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 催化剂在高温下生成ＮｉＡｌ２Ｏ４ 尖晶石,是导致催化剂失活的一个重要因素． 通过向载体（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）中添加各种氧化物, 使得催化剂的抗氧化性能得到改善． 并运用ＴＰＲ、ＸＲＤ对催化剂进行表征, 发现催化剂的抗氧化性顺序为： Ｎｉ／ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＣｅＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ Ｎｉ／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３．     

Introduction of a biowaste/graphene oxide nanocomposite as a coating for a metal alloy based SPME fiber: Application to screening of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

The present study introduces a high efficiency metal alloy-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coated with a green biowaste nanocomposite of chicken feet yellow membrane mixed with graphene oxide (CFYM/GO). An Al/Cr commercial heating element (aluchrom, AC) has been selected as the fiber substrate and designed as coiled form (CAC-SPME) to enhance its extraction and pre-concentration capacity. The fabricated fiber, CAC-SPME/CFYM/GO, has been employed for the extraction and pre-concentration of some commonly seen PAHs in different standard/real samples prior to their high performance liquid chromatography- ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) analyzing. The synthesized materials and the fibers surface were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. Under the optimized experimental conditions, low detection limits (LOD, 0.039–0.30 µg L^–1), wide linear ranges (LR, 0.13–643 µg L^–1) and good relative recoveries (RR, 76.20–105.60%) were achieved for all the target analytes. The materials applied to prepare this fiber were low-priced and accessible and also eliminated the need for expensive coating substances. In addition, using of the AC alloy substrate was increased the fiber physicochemical resistance and solved the breakage drawback of the conventional SPME fibers. Moreover, simple fabrication, high rigidity, long service life and high extraction capacity were some of the other advantages of the suggested fiber. Therefore, the proposed method can be utilized successfully for the routine analysis of PAHs in different matrixes.     

平面应力条件下闭合断续节理岩体力学特性试验研究

通过平面应力条件下闭合断续节理岩体的破坏试验,采用自行研制的高压柔性加载装置施加垂向和侧向荷载,用千分表和激光散斑照相技术量测试体位移场,用应变花量测试体平面应力场． 结果表明,激光散斑法用于测定闭合断续节理岩体的位移场效果良好,其测值比对应点千分表测值偏小１４％ 左右．据所测得的位移场和应力场,研究了裂纹尖端应力场的演变及裂纹扩展的路径,分析了试体的变形和破坏特征,测定了翼裂纹初裂角,探讨了试体的破坏机理．     

Effects of non-smooth characteristics on bionic bulldozer blades in resistance reduction against soil

The phenomenon of soil adhesion occurs widely when terrain machines and construction machines work; this adhesion increases their working resistance. Bionics is one of the most effective methods to reduce resistance against soil. Several non-smooth convex form bulldozer blades were tested to study the effects of non-smooth characteristics on resistance reduction against soil. Under the same soil and test conditions, the draft forces of different non-smooth samples were obtained, and were lower than those of smooth samples. The sample with largest convex base diameter had the lowest draft force. The experiments with smooth and non-smooth samples were repeated to observe soil adhesion and test resistance. A minimum amount of soil adhered to the surface of the non-smooth sample, and the draft force varied smoothly. The smooth sample was different in soil adhesion and draft force.     

P18—T200型台式再流焊机的设计特点

全面介绍了Ｐ１８－Ｔ２００型台式再流焊机的结构特征、工作原理及其相关技术指标，并结合再流焊机设计中的关键技术问题，提出了自己的解决方案。     

细间距QFP组装技术探讨

细间距QFP的焊接技术发展到今天,遇到了一些新问题,如当无铅QFP和有铅焊料混装时,如何解决兼容性的问题,如何去除细间距QFP引脚上的氧化层,如何用激光焊接解决细间距QFP焊接的短路问题,如何用激光清洗的方法去除细间距QFP引脚之间的白色残留物,以及如何对印制板组件进行边界扫描测试等。详细介绍了解决这些问题的新工艺、新方法。实践证明,这些方法都是非常有效和切实可行的。     

热冲击对石英晶体谐振器稳定性的影响研究

分析并研究了瞬时热冲击之一的回流焊对石英晶体谐振器频率稳定性的影响,综合已有研究经验和回流焊后频率的可恢复性,推断薄膜应力是回流焊后频率稳定性的主要影响因子。通过试验发现,薄膜溅射功率降〖JP2〗至200 W或薄膜热退火温度升至350 ℃可有效改善回流焊后谐振器的频率稳定性,回流焊后频率变化量降低(4~5)×10-6。采用显微拉曼光谱仪对回流焊前、后的石英晶片进行分析发现,其在回流焊后的拉曼特征峰明显往高频移动,推断是由于薄膜热膨胀引起的张应力增大而致石英晶片内压应力增加约8 MPa;随冷却时间延长,薄膜收缩而致石英晶片内压应力减小,频率逐渐恢复。结果表明,薄膜应力变化是回流焊对谐振器频率稳定性的影响机理。     

电流卡钳传输阻抗的线性补偿

为了扩展电流卡钳的频率测试范围,根据其等效电路模型,分析并测试了传输阻抗特性,发现了传输阻抗在频率范围内的非线性现象,进而提出了基于放大器的线性补偿方法.通过测试结果表明,在1-50kHz的被测信号情况下,匹配了放大器的电流探头的传输阻抗的波动范围≤±1dB.因而,利用这一补偿方法,可以给单片机信号采集转换成被测电流值带来方便.     

多峰I—V特性的共振隧穿量子器件

讨论了电子对双势垒共振隧穿的现象和特性,较为详细地论述了近年来发展起来的具有多峰I—V特性的共振隧穿量子器件的原理、结构和电路应用,最后展望了这类器件的发展前景。