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采用PIC-MC自洽模型,模拟了氮气电容性耦合射频放电的微观等离子体过程及带电粒子(e,N2+,N+)的行为。结果表明,离子(N2+,N+)的运动状态滞后瞬时射频电场的变化;在两极附近,N2+具较高密度,但能量较低,N+具较低的密度但能量较高,两者的密度差6倍左右。两种离子轰击射频电极的能量分布变化规律类似,随放电参数变化,离子(N2+,N+)能量变化显著,其密度变化不明显。模拟的电子能量几率分布与测量结果一致。     

一种适应高多普勒频偏的突发传输高效导频图案

导频符号辅助调制技术广泛应用于数字通信系统的突发传输。在频偏范围较大和信噪比较低时,现有的前后式导频方案的频偏估计误差会远高于理论下界。该文研究了频偏估计最大似然检测量的主瓣和旁瓣分布,分析了对称分布导频图案在频偏估计时的模糊问题。在此基础上提出了一种新的混合对称式导频图案,并给出了相应的参数选取原则。新导频图案能够在较低的信噪比下具有大的频偏估计范围和较高的估计精度。仿真结果验证了新导频图案的良好性能。     

？hrough-Wall Tracking of Human Movers Using Continuous-Wave Radar

An intelligent frequency fitting algorithm is presented for continuous-wave radar to track human movers through walls. With the proper fitting dimension, which is usually determined by the practical detection re- quirements, this technique can improve the localization ac- curacy and the tracking performance without introducing too much calculation burden, and more precisely identify different targets even in the frequency ambiguous areas. This technology can also help to match the estimation re- sults to their corresponding targets automatically, which is of great importance to certain urban sensing applications, such as specific target surveillance and tracking. To further improve the detection performance and better identify the weak targets in the presence of strong noise, CLEAN al- gorithm and adaptive filter technology are also involved. Experimental results are provided to illustrate the algo- rithm performance.     

A novel hybrid model for inversion problem of atmospheric refractivity estimation

Atmospheric refractivity estimation is an important issue for performance evaluation of communication systems and air surveillance radars. A novel hybrid model based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs) for inversion problem of atmospheric refractivity estimation is introduced. In this paper, inversion problem and clutter model problem of refractivity from clutter (RFC) method are separated and only inversion problem is studied. A problem specific ANN structure is designed and an original GA is developed to fulfill atmospheric refractivity estimations. In hybrid method, ANNs make pre-estimation and GAs use these results as a starting population for post-estimation. When the results obtained from the single solutions of ANNs and GAs are compared to the results obtained from hybrid model, a significant improvement in the accuracy of estimated results is observed.     

Frequency tunable single-line pulsed first-overtone carbon monoxide laser

Tunable single-line first-overtone (FO) CO lasing on wavelengths from 2.7 up to 4.2 μm corresponding to overtone vibrational transitions from 13→11 up to 38→36 on 413 ro-vibrational lines was experimentally obtained. A parametric study of energetic and spectral characteristics of the single-line FO CO laser was carried out. Energy distribution over ro-vibrational lines was measured. The maximum specific output energy (SOE) came up to 3 J/l Amagat, with single-line output efficiency being up to 0.6%. For the first time, a multi-quantum theoretical model was used to describe the tunable single-line FO CO laser. This multi-quantum approach demonstrated better agreement between theoretical calculations and observed experimental data for laser output as a function of vibrational quantum numbers.     

使用频移反馈激光系统测量光学频率差

本文提出使用频移反馈激光系统测量光学频率差的新方法。实验测得一个Nd:YLF激光器输出的两个纵模的频率差为3.733440GHz,其精度为±5kHz.     

Delay self-heterodyne measurement of narrow linewidth laser frequency drift characteristic

Resonator integrated optic gyro (RIOG), which employs narrow linewidth laser, is a high-accuracy inertial rotation sensor based on the Sagnac effect. The performance of RIOG is greatly affected by the frequency drift of narrow linewidth laser. A simple, effective method to measure the relative frequency drift of narrow linewidth laser based on delayed self-heterodyne technique is proposed in this paper. The measurement range and sensitivity can easily be satisfied by setting the length difference of the fiber segments between two interferometer arms. The relationship between the length difference and the frequency drift is derived based on the given principle of measuring the relative frequency drift. Then the laser frequency drift measuring setup is established and the experiment results demonstrate that a center frequency drift rate is less than 2 MHz/6.7 s under the room-temperature. Moreover, the measuring setup is applied to test the modulation coefficient of piezoelectric-transducer (PZT), and the modulation coefficient of 9.62 MHz/V is obtained, which satisfies the requirements of RIOG closed-loop operation.     

Thickness dependent magnetic and ferroelectric properties of LaNiO3 buffered BiFeO3 thin films

BiFeO₃ (BFO) thin films with thickness increasing from 40 to 480 nm were successfully grown on LaNiO₃ (LNO) buffered Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si(100) substrate and the effects of thickness evolution on magnetic and ferroelectric properties are investigated. The LNO buffer layer promotes the growth and crystallization of BFO thin films. Highly (100) orientation is induced for all BFO films regardless of the film thickness together with the dense microstructure. All BFO films exhibited weak ferromagnetic response at room temperature and saturation magnetization is found to decrease with increase in film thickness. Well saturated ferroelectric hysteresis loops were obtained for thicker films; however, the leakage current dominated the ferroelectric properties in thinner films. The leakage current density decreased by three orders of magnitude for 335 nm film compared to 40 nm film, giving rise to enhanced ferroelectric properties for thicker films. The mechanisms for the evolution of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric characteristics are discussed.     

Adaptive RAKE receiver in chaos based pilot-added DS-CDMA system

This paper presents the theoretical analysis of adaptive multiuser RAKE receiver scheme in frequency selective fading channel for direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Least mean square (LMS) algorithm is used to estimate the channel coefficients. Chaotic sequences are used as spreading sequence and corresponding bit error rate (BER) in closed form is derived for imperfect channel estimation conditions. Performances of chaotic sequences are compared with pseudorandom noise (PN) sequences. Under perfect synchronization assumption, various simulation results are shown to investigate the performance of the proposed system.     

Tb3+掺杂锂铝硅酸盐玻璃的光致发光和辐照致发光

采用熔融-淬冷法制备了Tb3+掺杂锂铝硅酸盐闪烁玻璃,用紫外激发光谱、发射光谱及荧光寿命表征了光致发光性能,用X射线和阴极射线激发测试了辐射致发光性能。研究结果表明：低Tb3+掺杂浓度时,随着其浓度增大,Tb3+间的交叉弛豫增加导致了5D₃→7F_j跃迁的能量逐渐向5D₄→7F_j迁移转变,5D₃激发态的荧光寿命和发射强度均明显下降,5D₄-7F_j发射强度逐渐增大。较高Tb3+浓度时,其浓度继续增加会提升非辐射比例,是荧光寿命降低和荧光猝灭的最主要原因。比较光致发光和辐照致发光性能,发现随着激发源的能量上升,会增加激发态5D₃能级向5D₄能级的能量转移,同时,由于玻璃的密度低会导致辐照致发光效率随激发源的能量上升而下降。