Synthesis of Dual Mode Logic

In recent years, the major focus of VLSI design has shifted from high-speed to low-power consumption. While standard CMOS-based digital design provides substantial flexibility during pre-silicon design phases, the characteristics of the gates are set by fabrication variations and environmental conditions and cannot easily be changed at runtime. The recently proposed Dual Mode Logic (DML) family provides a novel approach to provide this capability by introducing two configurable operating modes, static and dynamic, that enable fine-grained control of the power-performance tradeoff of a logic path. However, the introduction of a new topology requires the development of both a design methodology and techniques for integration in a robust design automation flow. Standard synthesis tools do not support dynamic gates, and in particular, dual-characteristic gates. Therefore, until now, DML has been limited to small, custom-made blocks and components. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the integration of DML into standard electronic design automation tools, as part of the standard digital design flow. The development of this approach and the accompanying design methodology enables DML to be used in larger designs, such as state-of-the-art, high-speed and/or low-power SoCs. We demonstrate the employment of the proposed approach in order to benefit from DML properties, and reduce the power consumption, while simultaneously improving the operating frequency of a number of test designs.     

功率混合集成电路键合强度控制研究

通过引入铜过渡键合垫片，取消了金-铝键合系统，改用铝-铝键合，以提高功率混合集成电路内引线键合强度的可靠性等级，满足某些特殊领域的要求。运用SPC控制，对键合工艺进行了有效控制，使功率混合集成电路内引线键合强度和键合工序能力得到了较大的提高。     

Efficient disparity vector prediction schemes with modified P frame for 2D camera arrays

An efficient disparity estimation algorithm for multi-view video sequences, recorded by a two-dimensional camera array in which the cameras are spaced equidistantly, is presented. Because of the strong geometrical relationship among views, the disparity vectors of a certain view can for most blocks be derived from the disparity vectors of other views. A frame constructed using that idea is called a D frame in this work. Three new prediction schemes which contain D frames are proposed for encoding 5 × 3 multi-view video sequences. The schemes are applied to several multi-view image sequences taken from a camera-array and they are compared in terms of quality, bit-rate and complexity. The experimental results show that the proposed prediction schemes significantly decrease the complexity of the encoder at a very low cost of quality and/or bit-rate.     

适用于大型IC工厂的一种新型的不间断电源-动态UPS

大型的半导体研发和制造工厂需要高质量的可靠电源,但是,由于静态UPS的局限性,选择和使用一种新型的动态不间断电源就成为今后半导体项目设计工作中必须正视的重要问题。本文介绍了动态UPS的基本原理,通过与静态UPS对比,分析了动态UPS的优越性,并就动态UPS的应用给出了工程实例。     

用作EDFA光泵浦的激光二极管

近几年来,用作掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)泵浦光源的半导体激光器,获得了积极的开发和使用。1.48μm 波长大功率激光二极管已商品化,并向更高水平发展。0.98μm 的应变量子阱结构器件也处在开发中,已有部分试用样品。文中介绍1.48μm 和0.98μm 波长大功率半导体激光器的主要结构和开发现状。     

Feedback supported isolation structure for blocking of minority leakage carriers in power integrated circuits

A combination of two conventional junction isolation structures is used to produce a device, which significantly improves the blocking of minority carriers injected into the substrate of a power IC due to switching of an inductive load. Simulation results show that the connection scheme employed greatly enhances the efficiency of the structures. A substrate current reduction of up to four orders of magnitude compared to conventional junction isolation structures is achieved. The significance of doping profiles in the p-sinker region is evaluated.     

差别电价及其对电力市场的影响

差别电价是政府倡导、电力行业试行的电力营销策略。本文从经济学原理出发,研究了差别电价的经济学基础和法规依据,并分析了差别电价制度对电力市场的影响,以期为差别电价的政策执行提供有益的借鉴。     

Design of high-speed two-stage cascode-compensated operational amplifiers based on settling time and open-loop parameters

Settling behavior of operational amplifiers is of great importance in many applications. In this paper, an efficient methodology for the design of high-speed two-stage operational amplifiers based on settling time is proposed. Concerning the application of the operational amplifier, it specifies proper open-loop circuit parameters to obtain the desired settling time and closed-loop stability. As the effect of transfer function zeros has been taken into account, the proposed methodology becomes more accurate in achieving the desired specifications. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the methodology.     

Distributed cross-layer coordination of congestion control and resource allocation in S-TDMA wireless networks

We consider the problem of joint congestion control and resource allocation in spatial-TDMA wireless networks. The design problem is posed as a utility maximization problem subject to link rate constraints which involve both transmission scheduling and power allocation. Starting from the performance limitations of a centralized optimization based on global network information, we proceed systematically in our development of two distributed and transparent protocols that rely on local information only. In the process, we introduce a novel decomposition method for convex optimization, establish its convergence for the utility maximization problem, and demonstrate how it suggests a distributed solution based on TCP/AQM and incremental updates of the transmission schedule. We develop a two-step procedure for finding the schedule updates and suggest two schemes for distributed link scheduling and power control under realistic interference models. Although the final protocols are suboptimal, we isolate and quantify the performance losses incurred by each simplification and demonstrate strong performance in examples.

Impact of power electronics packaging on the reliability of grid connected photovoltaic converters for outdoor applications

This paper deals with thermal and reliability aspects of converters for grid connected photovoltaic applications (rate power approximately 100 W) which can be integrated into solar modules. The use of these Module Integrated Converters (MIC) promises a reduction of costs due to mass production. It improves behaviour of the whole photovoltaic system, as there is no voltage mismatch caused by shading effects. The electronic components of the MIC are exposed to extreme environmental conditions. Lifetime limiting factors are described. Methods to increase the lifetime of the most crucial components in the MIC, electrolytic capacitors, are described. The presented 1st generation Low Profile MIC with “optimised design” is capable of running in very high ambient temperatures. This design maximises availability of the photovoltaic system, which consequently leads to a cost reduction of the electrical energy delivered to the grid. Different realisations of how to integrate the designed Low Profile MIC into the solar module are discussed. A detailed thermal simulation is used to optimise the MIC design according to temperature and reliability issues. The models used for thermal simulation are described.