Long-term maintenance of fundamental frequency increases in male-to-female transsexuals

Fundamental frequency for 10 male-to-female transsexuals at longterm follow-up (FUP₀) was compared to fundamental frequency at initial consultation (IF₀) and at discharge from treatment (DF₀). Fundamental frequency (F₀) values for the three occasions were significantly different [F_(2,18) = 24.79, P < .0001] Group mean fundamental frequencies were 125.5 Hz at initial consultation, 168.1 Hz at discharge, and 146.5 Hz at follow-up. There was a moderate but nonsignificant correlation [r(8) = 0.474, P > .05 ns] between the number of intervention sessions and mean F₀ achieved by subjects at discharge (DF₀). There was a significant correlation between the number of treatment sessions and the maintenance of F₀ increases [r(8) = 0.745, P < .05], although the size of the correlation was more modest (r = 0.476) when the data from one subject who had received 90 treatment sessions were removed.     

Statistical feature of pitch frequency distributions for robust speaker identification

This letter proposes an effective and robust speech feature extraction method based on statistical analysis of Pitch Prequency Distributions (PFD) for speaker identification. Compared with the conventional cepstrum, PFD is relatively insensitive to Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), but it does not show good performance for speaker identification, even if under clean environments. To compensate this shortcoming, PFD and conventional cepstrum are combined to make the ultimate decision, instead of simply taking one kind of features into account.Experimental results indicate that the hybrid approach can give outstanding improvement for text-independent speaker identification under noisy environments corrupted by AWGN.     

Mechanical analysis of phase transition experiments of the bacterial flagellar filament

Bacterial flagellar filaments can undergo a polymorphic phase transition in both vitro and vivo environments. Each bacterial flagellar filament has 12 different helical forms which are macroscopically represented by different pitch lengths and helix radii. For external mechanical force induced filament phase transitions, there is so far only one experiment performed by Hotani in 1982, who showed a very beautiful cyclic phase transition phenomenon in his experiment on isolated flagellar filaments. In the present paper, we give a detailed mechanical analysis on Hotani＇s experiments. Through theoretical computations, we obtained a phase transition rule based on the phase transition mechanism. The theoretical analysis provides a foundation facilitating the establishment of phase transition theory for bacterial flagellar filaments.     

Phonation Threshold Pressure Across the Pitch Range: Preliminary Test of a Model

This study sought to examine the specific relationship between phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and voice fundamental frequency (F(0)) across the pitch range. A published theoretical model of this relationship described a quadratic equation, with PTP increasing exponentially with F(0). Prospective data from eight adults with normal, untrained voices were collected. Subjects produced their quietest phonation at 10 randomly ordered pitches from 5% to 95% of their semitone pitch range at 10% intervals. Analysis included curve fitting for individual and group data, as well as comparisons to the previous model. The group data fit a quadratic function similar to that proposed previously, but the specific quadratic coefficient and constant values differed. Four of the individual subjects' data were best fit by quartic functions, two by quadratic functions, and one by a linear function. This preliminary study indicates that PTP may be minimal at a "comfortable" pitch rather than the lowest pitch tested, and that, for some individuals, PTP may be slightly elevated during the passaggio between modal and falsetto vocal registers. These data support the general form of the theoretical PTP-F(0) function for these speakers, and indicate the possibility of potential refinements to the model. Future studies with larger groups of male and female subjects across a wider age range may eventually reveal the specific nature of the function.     

基于随机位置选择和矩阵编码的语音信息隐藏方法

针对低速率语音编码问题,该文提出基于G.723.1编码标准的信息隐藏算法。在基音预测编码过程中,通过控制闭环基音周期(自适应码本)的搜索范围,该文结合随机位置选择方法(RPS)和矩阵编码方法(MCM),实现秘密信息的嵌入,在语音编码过程中实现了信息的隐藏。RPS方法的采用降低了载体码字之间的关联性,MCM方法的采用降低了载体的改变率。实验结果证明,该文算法下PESQ恶化率平均值最大为1.63%,隐蔽性良好。

     

基于SHS的重叠语音基音分离检测方法

运用SHS(分谐波累加)法可准确地提取单个语音的基音周期,本文将该方法推广运用到重叠语音基音的分离检测,并提出了相应的检测方法.实验证明,本文提出的方法能有效地分离并提取两重叠语音的基音,即使对于基音周期相差较近的两个重叠语音也能取得较好的结果.     

Helical twisting properties of new chiral dopants with double (S)-1, 2-propanediol units for nematic liquid crystals

<正>A novel series of chiral dopants synthesized from(S)-1,2-propanediol and mesogenic carboxylic acids were characterized by FT-IR,~1H NMR,elemental analysis and their helical twisting properties were investigated by doping the chiral dopants into a nematic liquid crystal host(SLC-1717).The results show that,the helical pitch of N~*-LC mixture exhibited a terminal alkyl chain length dependence and the molecular twisting power β also exhibited a temperature dependence(increasing β with increasing temperature).     

自动精确测定浊音中最大激励值的位置

本文阐述了一种改进的自相关算法原理和ＨＩＬＢＥＲＴ变换原理，提出了运用这些原理以及精确的搜索算法来精确确定语音浊音中最大激励值的方法，同时设计了能自动确定语音最大激励位置的软件。通过对大量的不同种类的语音进行运算和统计，证明了这种算法的可能靠性是较高的。     

基于船姿测量的舰载光电经纬仪视轴稳定方法研究

利用船姿测量仪和光学编码器测出视轴稳定初始时刻的纵横摇角度和经纬仪方位俯仰角度,通过坐标变换技术将稳定点从甲板坐标系转换到大地坐标系中.实时测量由舰船摇摆引起的纵横摇角度变化量和编码器角度变化量,计算出视轴稳定点在大地坐标系中的偏离误差.利用伺服控制系统有效地补偿该误差,由此达到舰载光电经纬仪视轴稳定的目的.实际舰载跟踪试验证明了本文设计的视轴稳定系统准确度高,能够较好地隔离船摇对经纬仪视轴稳定的影响.     

紫外-可见光谱测定马尾松纸浆树脂中甘油三酯含量

用紫外光谱法测定马尾松TMP浆和酸性亚硫酸盐浆正己烷抽出物中甘油三酯的含量,探讨了三油酸甘油酯标准物与纸浆树脂的紫外吸光谱图特征与特征峰位置以及测试时间对吸光度值的影响。结果表明,在实验试剂用量范围内,三油酸甘油酯在412 nm的吸光度与浓度成线性关系,线性相关系数为0.971;吸光度随测试时间呈线性降低关系,相关系数为0.990。再现性实验回收率98％～104％,精确度1.27％～4.03％。利用该方法测定了纸浆与酶处理后纸浆抽提物中甘油三酯的含量,评价了酶处理纸浆降解甘油酯的效果。马尾松TMP与酸性亚硫酸盐浆中甘油三酯含量较高,约占总抽提物的50％。酶处理后TMP浆与酸性亚硫酸盐浆中甘油三酯降解率分别达到46.31％和35.55％。