A finite volume method and experimental study of a stator of a piezoelectric traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor

Piezoelectric traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motors are motors that generate torque by using the friction force between a piezoelectric composite ring (or disk-shaped stator) and a metallic ring (or disk-shaped rotor) when a traveling wave is excited in the stator. The motor speed is proportional to the amplitude of the traveling wave and, in order to obtain large amplitudes, the stator is excited at frequencies close to its resonance frequency. This paper presents a non-empirical partial differential equations model for the stator, which is discretized using the finite volume method. The fundamental frequency of the discretized model is computed and compared to the experimentally-measured operating frequency of the stator of Shinsei USR60 piezoelectric motor.     

光电经纬仪主镜面型误差主动补偿技术研究

光电经纬仪俯仰动作时,引起主镜的面型误差,从而影响整个光学系统的准确度,以往主镜支撑结构采用被动式补偿方式,来保证实际面型最大误差在设计指标之内.本文基于压电陶瓷主动面型补偿技术,通过对俯仰变化引起面型误差曲线的实时修正,来主动控制主镜装调和动作引起的面型误差.使用光机系统联合仿真方法,拟合主镜面型误差,然后采用压电陶瓷的主动补偿技术修正面型误差,能够使原主镜峰值下降到66.9 nm,均方根最大值下降到12.9 nm,满足15.82 nm的均方根要求.基于压电陶瓷的主动面型补偿技术不仅可以很好地实时补偿主镜的动态面型误差,提高光学系统的像质清晰度和视轴稳定性,对大口径高准确度主镜系统的装调与动态检测有重要的意义.     

超声波马达的发展──国内最新动态

基于最新参考文献与ＩＮＴＥＲＮＥＴ网络查询,本文提出超声马达或压电驱动器在我国科技领域最新的研究成果及其未来走向。其中,能够引起研究人员兴趣的尖端性领域包括;超声马达的微型化;具有多个自由度的压电驱动器;具有新颖结构的压电驱动器;超声马达的振动实验测试;高分辨率的压电驱动器;超声马达的使用寿命;超声马达的动力学模型等。     

Interaction of a screw dislocation with a semi-infinite interfacial crack in a magneto-electro-elastic bi-material

The interaction between a screw dislocation and a semi-infinite interfacial crack in a transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic bi-material is investigated. The dislocation line is perpendicular to the isotropic basal plane of the bi-material. The elastic and electromagnetic fields induced by the dislocation are obtained through the use of the complex variable method together with the superposition scheme. The stress, electric displacement and magnetic intensity factors as well as the image exerted on the dislocation are given explicitly. We find that the intensity factors are expressed in terms of the so-called effective materials and the radial component of the image force is only dependent on the elastic modulus of the material with the dislocation. As an illustrative example, the bi-material that consists of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases is analyzed.     

A linear piezoelectric inchworm motor using ultrasonic clamping vibrator

This paper reports a kind of linear piezoelectric inchworm motor us-ing ultrasonic clamping vibrator with ring-shaped three-pile piececonstruction.The clamping vibrator and guide shaft of the motor constitutethe friction pair.The ratio of moving friction coefficient to static one is about1:10,when the clamping vibrator is in resonance.The driving peak voltage ofthe clamping vibrator is only 120V(V_(p-p)).The velocities of the motor are0-2 mm/min,the driving force is about 0.2 kgf,and the mechanic resolvingpower is less than 50nm.The motor's technique is simple.     

Large piezoresponse of lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.85K0.15)0.5TiO3 thin film

0.85Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.15Bi_0.5K_0.5TiO₃ (BNKT15) lead-free thin films were prepared on Pt(111)/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si(100) substrates by the chemical solution deposition method. BNKT15 are MPB composition in the Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-Bi_0.5K_0.5TiO₃ (BNT-BKT) system. The maximum piezoelectric coefficient (d_33,f) value of BNKT15 thin film is approximately 75 pm/V, which is comparable to that of polycrystalline PZT thin films. These results suggest that BNKT15 thin film can be used as an alternative for PZT films in piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems.     

Crystalline structural phase boundaries in (K,Na,Li)NbO 3 ceramics

Lead-free (K_xNa_1−x)_1−yLi_yNbO₃ ceramics (with x=0.50, y=0–0.08 and x=0.30–0.70, y=0.06, respectively) were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Compositional influences of K, Na and Li constituents on microstructures, crystalline structures, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated. It has been known that microstructures change largely with the alkali constituents and that there exist three orthorhombic-tetragonal phase boundaries at room temperature. One occurs in (K_0.50Na_0.50)_1−yLi_yNbO₃ ceramics at y=0.05–0.06, which corresponds to the previously reported morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). The other two appear in (K_xNa_1−x)_0.94Li_0.06NbO₃ ceramics near x=0.40 and x=0.60, respectively. (K_0.50Na_0.50)_0.935Li_0.065NbO₃ and (K_0.45Na_0.55)_0.94Li_0.06NbO₃ ceramics show high piezoelectric properties with the d₃₃ values over 200 pC/N and the k_p values around 45% at room temperature. It is thought that the observed high piezoelectric properties are largely affected by the temperature-driven orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition.     

Lamb wave mode decomposition using concentric ring and circular piezoelectric transducers

Lamb waves using surface-bonded piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) have been widely used for nondestructive testing (NDT). However, the identification of individual Lamb wave modes and the subsequent data interpretation are often difficult due to the dispersive and multimodal natures of Lamb waves. To tackle the problem, a Lamb wave mode decomposition technique using concentric ring and circular PZTs is proposed. Its advantages over the conventional approaches are that (1) PZTs need to be placed only a single surface of a specimen and (2) mode decomposition can be performed at any desired frequency without changing the PZT size and/or spacing configuration. The proposed mode decomposition technique is formulated by solving 3D Lamb wave propagation equations considering the PZT size and shape, and this technique requires a specially designed dual PZT composed of concentric ring and circular PZTs. The effectiveness of the proposed technique for the Lamb wave mode decomposition is investigated through numerical simulation and experimental tests performed on an aluminum plate.     

Characterization of the PEDOT:PSS/KDP mixture on a flexible substrates and the use in pressure sensing devices

In this work, the mixture poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with monobasic potassium phosphate (KDP), a piezoelectric salt, was studied as a novel material in the fabrication of a low cost, easy-to-make, flexible pressure sensing device. Firstly a theoretical study was carried out, followed by an experimental study where the mixture PEDOT:PSS and KDP was deposited in a flexible polyester substrate and dried. Afterwards, XRD analysis and impulse voltage measures were performed. The results showed that the KDP does not react chemically with PEDOT:PSS and this mixture acts directly responding to the pressure applied on the sample.     

Transient response of an insulating crack between dissimilar piezoelectric layers under mechanical and electrical impacts

Summary  The dynamic response of an interface crack between two dissimilar piezoelectric layers subjected to mechanical and electrical impacts is investigated under the boundary condition of electrical insulation on the crack surface by using the integral transform and the Cauchy singular integral equation methods. The dynamic stress intensity factors, the dynamic electrical displacement intensity factor, and the dynamic energy release rate (DERR) are determined. The numerical calculation of the mode-I plane problem indicates that the DERR is more liable to be the token of the crack growth when an electrical load is applied. The dynamic response shows a significant dependence on the loading mode, the material combination parameters as well as the crack configuration. Under a given loading mode and a specified crack configuration, the DERR of an interface crack between piezoelectric media may be decreased or increased by adjusting the material combination parameters. It is also found that the intrinsic mechanical-electrical coupling plays a more significant role in the dynamic fracture response of in-plane problems than that in anti-plane problems. Received 4 September 2001; accepted for publication 23 July 2002 The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant Number 19891180, the Fundamental Research Foundation of Tsinghua University, and the Education Ministry of China.