添加剂对基于PBDTC_(10)DBT∶PC_(61)BM光伏器件性能的影响

制备ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/PBDTC10BDT∶PC61BM/LiF/Al聚合物薄膜,研究了添加剂OT,DBrO对光敏层PBDTC10DBT∶PC61BM的影响,结果表明,加入微量的添加剂对光活化层的光吸收以及形貌起到积极的作用,添加剂的加入使得光活化层的分子排列更加有序,使各组分能够更好的吸收太阳光,同时光活化层的粗糙度减小,各组分之间的分布更加均匀,OT,DBrO的最佳添加量分别为2.5%和3%。当OT添加量为2.5%时,器件有最高光电转换效率1.93%。研究结果将为微相调节方法提高光伏器件性能提供理论依据和技术支持。     

Electrical and photovoltaic properties of SnSe/Si heterojunction

Thin film of SnSe is deposited on n-Si single crystal to fabricate a p-SnSe/n-Si heterojunction photovoltaic cell. Electrical and photoelectrical properties have been studied by the current density–voltage (J–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements at different temperatures. The fabricated cell exhibited rectifying characteristics with a rectification ratio of 131 at ±1 V. At low voltages (V<0.55 V), the dark forward current density is controlled by the multi-step tunneling mechanism. While at a relatively high voltage (V>0.55 V), a space charge-limited-conduction mechanism is observed with trap concentration of 2.3×10²¹ cm⁻³. The C–V measurements showed that the junction is of abrupt nature with built-in voltage of 0.62 V which decreases with temperature by a gradient of 2.83×10⁻³ V/K. The cell also exhibited strong photovoltaic characteristics with an open-circuit voltage of 425 mV, a short-circuit current density of 17.23 mA cm⁻² and a power conversion efficiency of 6.44%. These parameters have been estimated at room temperature and under light illumination provided by a halogen lamp with an input power density of 50 mW cm⁻².     

Modeling Photovoltaic Performances of BTBPD-PC61BM System via Density Functional Theory Calculations

Designing and fabricating high-performance photovoltaic devices have remained a major challenge in organic solar cell technologies.In this work,the photovoltaic performances of BTBPD-PC₆₁BM system were theoretically investigated by means of density functional theory calculations coupled with the Marcus charge transfer model in order to seek novel photovoltaic systems.Moreover,the hole-transfer properties of BTBPD thin-film were also studied by an amorphous cell with 100 BTBPD molecules.Results revealed that the BTBPDPC₆₁BM system possessed a middle-sized open-circuit voltage of 0.70 V,large short-circuit current density of 16.874 mA/cm²,large fill factor of 0.846,and high power conversion efficiency of 10%.With the Marcus model,the charge-dissociation rate constant was predicted to be as fast as 3.079×10¹³ s^-1 in the BTBPD-PC₆₁BM interface,which was as 3-5 orders of magnitude large as the decay (radiative and non-radiative) rate constant (10⁸-10¹⁰ s^-1),indicating very high charge-dissociation efficiency (～100%) in the BTBPD-PC₆₁BM system.Furthermore,by the molecular dynamics simulation,the hole mobility for BTBPD thin-film was predicted to be as high as 3.970×10^-3 cm²V^-1s^-1,which can be attributed to its tight packing in solid state.     

Location-oriented coordination in pervasive environments for collaborative work scenarios

Mobile or pervasive environments are inherently characterised by a high degree of dynamics and frequent changes in the environmental properties. This makes collaborative work of mobile users eminently difficult as the coordination of their work processes needs to adapt steadily to these changing circumstances. As location is one of the most critical changing context dimensions, this adaptive coordination and subsequent re-orientation are mostly based on distinctive temporal and spatial objects (the so-called Schelling points). The contribution of this article is to show the benefit of exploiting the human behaviour of using spatial objects for coordination (which we refer to as location-oriented coordination). We present an approach for which we implemented the location-oriented coordination considerations as a coordination pattern embedded in a coordination architecture, which serves as a runtime environment. By adopting this approach in a representative collaborative work scenario (in the domain of emergency management) and by presenting results from user tests we show its applicability and benefit.     

21世纪之初我国电子元件发展战略探讨

在世纪之交时 ,结合世界电子元件发展总趋势 ,对我国电子元件工业发展提出了新的要求 ,也指出了新世纪初的三个难得的机遇 :1移动通信业的国产化率大幅度增长 ;2计算机市场的高速增长 ;3片式元件及相关技术的发展潜力很大。并设想了几种我国电子元件发展的模式 ,强调人才在电子元件企业中的重要作用。