基于语义的相片标注研究及应用

随着数码相机的普及应用,日益增多的相片对高效的相片管理和检索技术提出了迫切的需求。传统的基于关键字检索和基于内容检索技术都不能很好满足人们的需求,因而基于语义的标注和检索技术受到越来越多的关注。在构建的相片领域本体基础上设计了相片语义标注模板,并结合自动和半自动的语义标注技术实现了一个相片标注系统。最后通过系统的运行和分析来验证该方案的有效性。     

m线法研究掺杂LiNbO_3晶体波导基片的光损伤

采用ｍ线法研究了掺杂ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体波导基片的光损伤，发现抗光损伤能力依次为Ｍｇ：ＬｉＮｂＯ３、ＬｉＮｂＯ３、Ｆｅ：ＬｉＮｂＯ３（氧化），Ｆｅ：ＬｉＮｂＯ３（还原）。对于同样材料，质子交换光波导的抗光损伤能力高于钛扩散光波导。     

Cu/SnO2-TiO2催化剂的结构、光吸收性能和催化反应性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制得复合半导体SnO2-TiO2,用等体积浸渍法制得Cu/SnO2-TiO2光催化剂.利用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、程序升温还原、红外光谱、透射电镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和光反应器等技术研究了Cu/SnO2-TiO2的物相结构、微粒尺寸、吸光性能和光催化反应性能.结果表明,质量分数为10%的SnO2单分子层分散在TiO2表面,固体材料平均粒径为22nm;SnO2的引入使TiO2吸收限发生明显蓝移,SnO2负载量超过单分子层分散(大于10%),有晶相SnO2生成,光吸收性能下降;Ti-O-Sn键的形成加强了半导体之间的相互作用,有利于光生载流子在半导体间的输送;负载金属Cu使复合半导体可见光部分的吸收明显增加,拓宽了催化剂的光响应范围;不同Sn担载量的光催化剂光吸收性能与量子产率有良好的对应关系,担载10%SnO2光催化剂光吸收性能和催化活性优于其它含量的催化剂,其光量子效率达到13.9%.     

Lewis Acid-Mediated Radical Stabilization and Dynamic Covalent Bonding: Tunable,Reversible and Photocontrollable

This work describes a strategy not only to isolate a dynamically stable radical with physical property tunability, but to efficiently regulate the radical dissociation with reversibility and photo controllability. The addition of Lewis acid B(C₆F₅)₃ (BCF) into the solution of a radical σ-dimer ( 1-1 ) led to a stable radical ( 1 ⋅-2B), which has been characterized by EPR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction, in conjunction with theoretical calculation. The radical species is stabilized mainly by captodative effect, single electron transfer and steric effect. The absorption maximum of the radical can be tuned by using different Lewis acids. Dimer 1-1 can be achieved back by addition of a stronger base into the solution of 1 ⋅-2B, exhibiting a reversible process. By introducing a photo BCF generator, the dissociation of the dimer and the formation of the radical adduct become photocontrollable.     

随机介质中的相干背散射

相干背散射是由于随机介质中的多次散射而导致的一种自相干效应。通过多年的探索,人们在实验和理论研究方面取得了一系列激动人心的进展。本文介绍了相干背散射的基本原理和实验方法,总结了当前的研究进展。     

Combination of chromatographic and chemometric methods to study the interactions between DNA strands

This work describes the combination of size-exclusion chromatography and chemometric resolution methods to study the formation of complex DNA structures from individual strands. This combined procedure has been applied to two different experimental data. Firstly, the formation of an intermolecular Watson–Crick duplex structure formed by the individual unstructured strands. Secondly, the competition between the intermolecular Watson–Crick duplex and intramolecular quadruplex structures formed by two sequences found in the hTERT gene has been studied.     

Microprobe sampling—Photo ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for in situ chemical analysis of pyrolysis and combustion gases: Examination of the thermo-chemical processes within a burning cigarette

A microprobe sampling device (μ-probe) has been developed for in situ on-line photo ionization mass spectrometric analysis of volatile chemical species formed within objects consisting of organic matter during thermal processing. With this approach the chemical signature occurring during heating, pyrolysis, combustion, roasting and charring of organic material within burning objects such as burning fuel particles (e.g., biomass or coal pieces), lit cigarettes or thermally processed food products (e.g., roasting of coffee beans) can be investigated. Due to its dynamic changes between combustion and pyrolysis phases the cigarette smoking process is particularly interesting and has been chosen as first application. For this investigation the tip of the μ-probe is inserted directly into the tobacco rod and volatile organic compounds from inside the burning cigarette are extracted and real-time analyzed as the glowing front (or coal) approaches and passes the μ-probe sampling position. The combination of micro-sampling with photo ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PI-TOFMS) allows on-line intrapuff-resolved analysis of species formation inside a burning cigarette. Monitoring volatile smoke compounds during cigarette puffing and smoldering cycles in this way provides unparalleled insights into formation mechanisms and their time-dependent change. Using this technique the changes from pyrolysis conditions to combustion conditions inside the coal of a cigarette could be observed directly. A comparative analysis of species formation within a burning Kentucky 2R4F reference cigarette with μ-probe analysis reveals different patterns and behaviors for nicotine, and a range of semi-volatile aromatic and aliphatic species.     

TDI CCD光子响应非均匀性噪音分析与测量

探测器光子响应非均匀性噪音会降低低照度情况下遥感成像系统的成像质量.针对这一现象,本文首先结合探测器的物理性质,对各种噪音源进行了研究;建立了TDI CCD不同级数下的光子响应非均匀性噪音模型,随着曝光量的增加,光子响应非均匀性噪音也线性增加.其次根据曝光级数越多TDI CCD对非均匀性噪音的平滑效应越明显这一现象,提出一种光子响应非均匀性系数与曝光级数之间的关系式,并给出了利用TDI CCD输出图像提取光子响应非均匀性噪音的方法.最后建立了试验系统,通过试验对测试获得的光子响应非均匀性噪音与理论分析计算得出的结果进行了分析.     

基于光热诱导红外和热重-质谱联用的聚合物成分结构剖析

材料的结构和成分是决定材料物理化学性质的关键因素,然而高分子材料成分以碳、氢、氧为主,通过成分分析很难确定材料的结构组成.红外光谱技术与热分析技术是分析高分子材料结构信息的重要表征手段.然而传统红外光谱技术对样品要求较高,很难在不破坏样品的情况下直接进行测试.本文采用一种新型光热诱导红外光谱技术在不破坏样品的前提下直接...     

Strong Enhancement of π‐Electron Donor/Acceptor Ability by Complementary DD/AA Hydrogen Bonding

π‐Conjugated organic materials possess a wide range of tunable optoelectronic properties which are dictated by their molecular structure and supramolecular arrangement. While many efforts have been put into tuning the molecular structure to achieve the desired properties, rational supramolecular control remains a challenge. Here, we report a novel series of supramolecular materials formed by the co‐assembly of weak π‐electron donor (indolo[2,3‐a]carbazole) and acceptor (aromatic o‐quinones) molecules via complementary hydrogen bonding. The resulting polarization creates a drastic perturbation of the molecular energy levels, causing strong charge transfer in the weak donor–acceptor pairs. This leads to a significant lowering (up to 1.5 eV) of the band gaps, intense absorption in the near‐IR region, very short π‐stacking distances (≥3.15 Å), and strong ESR signals in the co‐crystals. By varying the strength of the acceptor, the characteristics of the complexes can be tuned between intrinsic, gate‐, or light‐induced semiconductivity with a p‐type or ambipolar transport mechanism.