Enantioselective synthesis of (S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-6-octene-1,3-diol: a Colorado potato beetle pheromone

The recent identification of a male-produced aggregation pheromone [(S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-6-octene-1,3-diol, (S)-CPB] offers a new tool for Colorado potato beetle (CPB) management. We developed a novel synthetic approach to produce CPB pheromone in seven steps and 46.54% overall yield. Grignard reaction, oxidation, and stereoselective methylation using organometallic reagent are the key steps in the commercially viable total synthesis, generating CPB pheromone in 98.6% enantiomeric purity and gram quantity.     

Asymmetric synthesis of ceramide sphingolipid based on (2S,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine lactam

A facile approach to the versatile chiral building block 2 was developed based on glutamic acid, whereby a new method for asymmetric synthesis of sex pheromone 1 was explored from cheap glutamic acid.     

Stereoselective Synthesis of the Pheromones of Ant Tetramorium Impurm and Leptogenys Diminuta

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｅｖｅｒａｌａｃｙｃｌｉｃｃｈｉｒａｌｉｎｓｅｃｔｐｈｅｒｏｍｏｎｅｓａｒｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚｅｄｂｙｏｐｔｉｃａｌｌｙａｃｔｉｖｅｅｒｙｔｈｒｏ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌａｌｋａｎｏｌ．ＴｙｐｉｃａｌｅｘａｍｐｌｅｓａｒｅｔｈｅｐｈｅｒｏｍｏｎｅｏｆａｎｔＴｅｔｒａｍｏｒｉｕｍｉｍｐｕｒｍ（１ａ）ａｎｄｔｈｅｔｒａｉｌｐｈｅｒｏｍｏｎｅｏｆａｎｔＬｅｐｔｏｇｅｎｙｓｄｉｍｉｎｕｔａ（１ｂ）．Ｉｎ１９８１,Ｐａｓｔｅｅｌｓｅｔａｌ．［１］ｉｓｏｌａｔｅｄ４－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－３－ｈ…     

用异戊二烯的催化调聚反应合成梨圆蚧性信息素组份

梨圆蚧Quadraspidiotus perniciosus是世界性的农业害虫,主要危害苹果、梨树等果树.Gieselmann和Anderson等分离并鉴定出梨圆蚧性信息素为3,7-二甲基-2,7-辛二烯-1-醇丙酸酯(1)和7-甲基-3-亚甲基-7-辛二烯-1-醇丙酸酯(2).1的Z体和E体的比例约为10:1.田间生测发现.1的Z体、E体对雄性蚧虫均有强烈的引诱活性,两者以不同比例混合使用,活性并无明显的降低.     

基于蚁群算法的景象匹配定位

景象匹配定位是精确制导的重要技术,通过对景象匹配定位和蚁群算法的研究,提出一种基于蚁群算法的匹配定位方法,蚁群算法具有快速全局寻优能力,应用蚁群算法计算模版图像在基准图像中的匹配位置,根据匹配定位参数的特点,建立二维的蚁群搜索空间,定义图像的归一化积相关作为相似性度量并更新蚁群的信息素,利用信息素及启发信息来计算状态转移概率,蚁群最终聚集到适应度函数最大的路径上。实验结果表明：蚁群算法可以准确有效地估计匹配位置。     

Antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of the web-spinning sawfly Acantholyda posticalis Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae)

Acantholyda posticalis (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) is an important pine pest with a world-wide distribution. To clarify the olfactory receptive mechanism of A. posticalis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the morphology, ultrastructure, and distribution of antennal sensilla of adults from two sites in China. The antennae were filiform, and the flagella comprised 32–35 flagellomeres. Six sensillum types were found. Sensilla chaetica were straight setae with sharply pointed tips and without dendrites in the lumen. Sensilla trichodea were characterized by a parallel-grooved wall and one terminal pore and were innervated by four dendrites at the base. Sensilla basiconica I possessed longitudinally grooved surfaces and multiple terminal pores, with five dendrites in the lumen. Sensilla basiconica II not only had a distinct terminal pore but also had numerous tiny wall pores and many dendritic branches within the sensillum lymph. Sensilla coeloconica had deep longitudinal grooves, one terminal pore and six dendrites, while sensilla campaniformia were thick-walled with a terminal opening and sensory nerve bundles in the lumen. Sensilla chaetica and s. trichodea were most abundant and distributed over the entire antennae, while s. basiconica I and II, s. coeloconica, and s. campaniformia were restricted to the ventral flagellar surfaces. Although the shape and structure of antennae were similar in males and females, females had significantly longer antennae than males, and males had significantly more s. basiconica I than females. We compared the morphology and structure of these sensilla to other Hymenoptera and discussed their possible functions.     

Catalytic,Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2‐anti‐Diols by Asymmetric Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis

An enantioselective method for the synthesis of 1,2‐anti‐diols has been developed. A cyclometalated chiral‐at‐ruthenium complex catalyzes the asymmetric ring‐opening/cross‐metathesis of dioxygenated cyclobutenes, thus resulting in functionally rich synthetic building blocks. Syntheses of the insect pheromone (+)‐endo‐brevicomin and monosaccharide ribose demonstrate the synthetic utility of the 1,2‐anti‐diol fragments generated in the title reaction.