地物微波辐射亮温的图像模拟方法

微波辐射亮温图像的模拟在被动遥感领域中具有重要意义。该文根据射线追踪的思想提出了一种三维场景微波辐射图像的模拟方法：亮温追踪法。分析了模拟时必须考虑的天空背景辐射、多次反射造成的极化旋转以及天线平滑作用等影响因素,最终建立了微波辐射亮温图像的模拟方法。应用此方法对典型目标进行了试验模拟,并对模拟结果所表现出的微波辐射现象进行了分析。为验证模拟方法的可靠性,该文对楼层建筑以及飞机跑道等实际场景进行模拟,模拟结果与实地测量图像取得了很好的一致,表明此方法完全可行。     

一种基于干涉场匹配的声源距离速度估计方法

浅海环境中运动目标可以生成稳定的干涉声场,干涉声场结构中蕴含目标的距离、速度等信息。该文提出一种利用运动目标干涉声场进行被动距离速度估计的方法——匹配干涉场处理方法。首先对浅海波导环境中的干涉现象和结构特性进行理论分析,推导了匹配干涉场方法聚焦原理。然后将运动目标的时间-频率干涉场转换成与目标距离速度相关的距离-频率干涉场,与拷贝声场进行相关处理实现目标距离速度同时估计。进一步分析了算法估距性能以及海深、声速剖面、海底海面等环境对估距性能的影响,给出了算法宽容性的仿真结论。最后通过实际运动目标的海上试验数据处理验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Three-fold polyfluoroalkylated amines and isocyanates based on tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS)

Three-fold polyfluoroalkylated amines were prepared from tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) in five steps including perfluoroalkyl iodide addition to the corresponding allyl derivative, reduction of C-I bond and deprotection of the amino group. They can be easily converted to the corresponding isocyanates.     

Passive Q-switching of a laser-diode-pumped intracavity-frequency-doubling Nd:NYW/KTP laser with GaAs saturable absorber

Passive Q-switching of a laser-diode-pumped intracavity-frequency-doubling Nd:NYW/KTP laser has been realized with GaAs semiconductor saturable absorber. The dependence of pulse repetition rate, pulse energy, and pulse width on incident pump power are measured. The coupled rate equations are used to simulate the Q-switched process of laser, and the numerical solutions agree with the experimental results.     

Employing injection-locked Fabry–Perot laser diodes to improve bidirectional WDM–PON performances

We proposed and demonstrated a bidirectional wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM)–passive optical network (PON) employing injection-locked Fabry–Perot laser diodes (FP LDs) at both transmitting sites, and adaptive filters at both receiving sites. Injection-locked FP LDs, a particularly inexpensive option, are used to replace the conventional distributed feedback (DFB) LDs in WDM–PON. Adaptive filters are attractive because they can track the variations and compensate the nonlinear distortions. Transmission performance over 20 km of a standard single-mode fiber (SMF) was investigated. Improved performance of bit error rate (BER), better and clear eye diagram were achieved in our proposed WDM–PON.     

Integrated design of piezoelectric damping system for flexible structure

This paper aims at developing an integrated design method of the active/passive hybrid type of piezoelectric damping system for reducing the dynamic response of the flexible structures due to external dynamic loads. The design method is based on the numerical optimization technique whose objective function is a control effort of the active damping. A vibration suppression performance, which is evaluated by the maximum value of the gain of the frequency response function of the structure, is constrained. In order to demonstrate the structural damping capability of the hybrid type of piezoelectric damping system designed by proposed method, numerical simulation and laboratory experiment will be done using a three-story flexible structure model equipped with 12 surface bonded PZT tiles pairs. Both numerical and experimental results indicate that the optimally designed hybrid piezoelectric damping system can be successfully achieving excellent performance as compared to a conventional purely active piezoelectric damping system.     

Direct numerical simulation of quasi-three-level passive Q-switched laser

The Runge-Kutta method is used to solve numerically the rate equations of quasi-three-level passive Q-switched laser directly without any approximate treatment of these differential equations. The 946 nm self-Q-switched Cr,Nd:YAG laser is chosen for example to describe the details. The time-dependence of intra-cavity photon density is obtained and its detailed real-time changing process is reproduced in numerical solution. The curves of laser output parameters such as average output power, pulse width, repetition rate, pulse energy and peak power changing with different cavity conditions such as pump power, output coupler reflectivity, Cr,Nd:YAG crystal length, Nd³⁺ ion and Cr⁴⁺ ion concentrations are simulated according to direct numerical solution rather than analytical expressions. This direct numerical simulation method can be widely used to describe and optimize the quasi-three-level passive Q-switched laser theoretically.     

Bidirectional colorless wired and wireless WDM-PON with improved dispersion tolerance for radio over fiber

We propose and demonstrate a bidirectional transmission, hybrid wired and wireless access network based on subcarrier modulation (SCM) techniques. The scheme simultaneously enables the dispersion-tolerant transmission of millimeter (mm)-wave signals for use in wireless access networks, downstream baseband signals for optical wired access networks, and optical continuous-wave (CW) carriers for use in upstream data remodulations. Error-free transmissions through a 25-km length of single mode fiber (SMF) for both the downstream baseband and the remodulated upstream signals are confirmed by bit-error-rate (BER) measurements. The dispersion tolerance of the radio-over-fiber (RoF) signal is assessed using numerical simulations.     

现代化机场客运的新课题——机场行李运送中的管理课题和解决方案访谈

香港和世界的有些城市的机场采用了RFOID技术用于行李运送的分拣,收到了良好的效果。本刊记者采访了与香港机场RFID项目相关的人士,了解了行李管理的背景、意义、技术细节,并得知RFID对机场的改革还将体现在电子机票、通关、安防、机内食品保管等诸多领域。     

Passive Optical Networks (PONs): Past, present, and future

Optical access solutions have attracted the attention of researchers from both academia and industry for a long time. In the past these solutions were not cost effective for service-provider deployment. This situation has been changing over recent years. Passive Optical Networks (PONs) represent one of the most attractive optical access-network solutions. In this paper, we examine the history of PONs, investigate their current status, and explore their future opportunities. The focus of our review is on PON standards and on deployment trends.