Control of a class of underactuated mechanical systems

In this paper a new control methodology for underactuated mechanical systems is proposed. The basic idea of this method is to combine passive velocity field control with decoupling vector field. In order that the underactuated mechanical systems can be stabilized at the desired position after settling on the desired velocity vector field, novel control strategies are proposed. Proposed control strategies are applied to the underactuated planar three-link manipulator and underactuated planar body. Simulations demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed control methodology.     

红外双色单站被动定位方法

设计了合作目标与非合作目标的红外双色单站被动定位算法,通过实例计算的方式证明了该方法的正确性与有效性。分析了双色消光系数差异大小以及目标温度高低对测距定位性能的影响,得出双色消光系数差异越小、目标温度越高,越有利于测距定位的结论。结果表明:对于1 000K以上的目标,选择0.75~3/3~5μm这两个大气窗口作为工作波段,在20km以内都可很好地实现测距定位;对于500K以下的物体,即使在5km的范围内,测距定位效果也较差。     

Streaming RFID: Robust Stream Transmission over Passive RFID

This paper proposes the streaming radio frequency identification (RFID) protocol to support robust data streaming in a passive communication, which is extended from the ISO18000‐6 Type C RFID standard. By observing and modeling the unique bit error behavior through detailed analysis in this paper, we found that performance is significantly limited by inaccurate and unstable link frequencies as well as low SNR which are inevitable for passive devices. Based on the analysis, we propose a simple and efficient protocol to adaptively insert extra error control sequences in a packet for tolerating tough link condition while maximizing the throughput and preserving the minimal implementation cost. To evaluate effectiveness of our proposal in real‐time streaming applications, we experimented on real‐time H.264 video streaming and prototyped the system on FPGA. To our best knowledge, our paper is the first work to take analytical approach for maximizing the throughput and demonstrate the possibility of the real‐time multimedia streaming transmission in the passive RFID system.     

多运动站异步观测条件下的直接定位算法

针对多运动站无源融合定位系统中的异步观测问题,该文提出一种基于空间谱分析的直接定位算法。首先利用子空间分析理论建立异步观测直接定位模型,构造多站协同定位联合空间谱函数,采用多级搜索方法实现定位解算。然后推导了该算法的定位误差协方差矩阵及克拉美罗下限。最后对该算法在异步观测条件下的定位性能进行蒙特卡洛仿真。仿真结果表明算法定位精度能够逼近克拉美罗下限,定位性能优于基于定位参数的分步定位算法,尤其在低信噪比情况下优势更明显。     

FiWi网络比例公平和QoS感知的分级动态带宽分配机制

光纤网络和无线接入技术结合的FiWi网络可提供高容量、灵活以及低基础设施成本的无线接入能力。由于FiWi网络中客户端业务量一般具有不稳定性,很难提前有效预测,高效公平的动态带宽分配(DBA)机制具有重要作用。该文针对EPON和WLAN构成的FiWi网络提出一种分级DBA机制。引入剩余带宽比例因子解决多个轮询周期内各用户分配的带宽资源与其权值不匹配而产生的不公平问题;联合考虑业务优先级、带宽请求比例和网络负载解决带宽分配中的业务QoS保证和信道带宽浪费问题。仿真实验表明,与现有文献的DBA机制相比,系统公平性、吞吐量和信道利用率有明显提升。且所提DBA算法不限定具体带宽资源类型,具有良好通用性。     

基于共形稀疏阵列的艇载外辐射源雷达性能分析

该文研究了共形稀疏阵列在艇载外辐射源雷达中的应用问题,并分析了艇载外辐射源雷达目标探测性能。鉴于天线在雷达系统中的重要地位,重点分析了稀疏阵列数字波束形成(DBF)天线的布阵方式及天线方向图指标。基于组合巴克码实现艇身稀疏阵列共形布设,提出一种曲线阵列到直线阵列的补偿方法,以获得理想的DBF天线方向图。针对曲线阵列可能存在的形变问题,采用分布式位置和姿态测量系统(POS)进行形变误差测量,经曲线拟合后实施精确补偿。仿真结果表明所提方法的有效性。     

基于虚拟时差的运动阵列空间无源定位算法

针对脉冲骨架周期固定的雷达脉冲信号辐射源无源定位问题,该文提出一种基于虚拟时差的运动阵列空间无源定位算法,采用运动单阵列接收目标辐射源信号,通过多次测量侦察站不同位置的脉冲到达时间来估计目标辐射源位置。分别针对脉冲骨架周期已知和未知两种情况,提出了一种基于高阶统计量的无源定位算法,并推导了不同情况下定位精度的克拉美罗界。仿真实验表明,不同情况下定位算法定位精度逼近克拉美罗界,且脉冲骨架周期已知时虚拟时差无源定位算法定位精度优于同孔径实阵列TDOA无源定位算法定位精度,脉冲骨架周期未知时虚拟时差无源定位算法定位精度低于同孔径实阵列TDOA无源定位算法定位精度。     

耳机被动降噪特性分析

在近似扩散场条件下,测试了入耳式和耳罩式耳机的被动降噪曲线,基于测试结果和线路图模型仿真,对影响耳机被动降噪特性的因素进行了探究和理论分析。结果表明无论是对与人耳紧密耦合的入耳式耳机,还是将人耳罩住的头戴耳机,耳套是影响耳机被动降噪能力的重要因素。     

Relationship between Muscle Flexibility and Characteristics of Muscle Contraction in Healthy Women during Different Menstrual Phases

Objective: Skeletal muscle function is vital for preventing injury during exercise. It has been reported that skeletal muscle function fluctuates with the menstrual cycle and is considered one of the causes of injury. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between muscle flexibility and muscle contraction characteristics and their changes with the menstrual cycle. Methods: The subjects were healthy women who voluntarily participated in the study through recruitment posters. Muscle flexibility was measured with the passive knee extension (PKE) test, isokinetic knee flexor strength, and the maximum muscle strength exertion angle under two conditions of 60°/s and 120°/s in dominant hamstrings. Additionally, their correlations were analyzed and compared between the menstrual and ovulatory phases. Results: Sixteen subjects (mean age: 20.56 ± 0.73 years; body mass index: 20.21 ± 1.60) participated in the study. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between PKE and the maximum muscle strength exertion angle under the condition of 60°/s during the menstrual phase (r = –0.54; p = 0.03). No significant difference was observed in the two-group comparison of the variables measured during the menstrual and ovulatory phases. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the more flexible muscles generate the maximum strength at a more contracted position during the menstrual phase in women. In the future, it is necessary to examine the relationship between the results of this study and exercise performance and injury occurrence.     

Secure routing in mobile wireless ad hoc networks

We discuss several well known contemporary protocols aimed at securing routing in mobile wireless ad hoc networks. We analyze each of these protocols against requirements of ad hoc routing and in some cases identify fallibilities and make recommendations to overcome these problems so as to improve the overall efficacy of these protocols in securing ad hoc routing, without adding any significant computational or communication overhead.