Soft Nanopatterning on Light‐Emitting Inorganic–Organic Composites

In this work we demonstrate the nanopatterning of nanocomposites made by luminescent zinc oxide nanoparticles and light‐emitting conjugated polymers by means of soft molding lithography. Vertical nanofluidics is exploited to overcome the polymer transport difficulties intrinsic in materials incorporating nanocrystals, and the rheology, fluorescence, absolute quantum yield, and emission directionality of the nanostructured composites are investigated. We study the effect of patterned gratings on the directionality of light emitted from the nanocomposites, finding evidence of the enhancement of forward emitted light, due to the printed wavelength‐scale periodicity. These results open new possibilities for the realization of nanopatterned devices based on hybrid organic‐inorganic systems.     

用磁控溅射和退火方法制备AlSb多晶薄膜

采用磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备Al/Sb预制多层薄膜,然后将Al/Sb预制多层薄膜在退火炉中退火得到AlSb多晶薄膜.用X射线衍射(XRD)法测薄膜结构;用扫描电镜(SEM)测薄膜Al/Sb成分比,结果表明AlSb多晶薄膜具有单一的晶相、均匀的结构,以及粒径大约20nm的晶粒.根据电导率(lnσ)与温度(T)的关系得到电导激活能为0.21和0.321eV,为制备出适用于太阳电池的AlSb多晶薄膜奠定了一定的技术基础.     

微晶硅薄膜太阳电池中孵化层研究

对甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术制备的微晶硅薄膜太阳电池进行了研究.喇曼测试结果显示:微晶硅薄膜太阳电池在p/i界面存在着一定的非晶孵化层.孵化层的厚度随硅烷浓度的增加或辉光功率的降低而增大.可以通过适当的硅烷浓度或适当的辉光功率来降低孵化层的厚度.     

小波变换分离太阳射电频谱图中的纤维结构

太阳射电爆发纤维精细结构是太阳射电爆发活动中一类重要的观测现象,利用二维小波变换对纤维精细结构动态频谱图进行处理,分离频谱图中的纤维结构。首先对原始频谱图实行多层小波变换,由低频分量重构原始图像,就可得到爆发的背景信息,令原始频谱图减去背景并经过阈值处理后,便可将原始频谱图中的纤维结构很好地分离出来。     

NH3/SiH4流量比对多晶硅/氮化硅复合层电池光电性能的影响研究

SiN薄膜因为具有良好的减反射性质和钝化作用, 越来越广泛地应用于晶硅太阳电池的制造工艺中。用等离子体化学气相沉积(PECVD)法, 通过改变流量比、气体总量及基底温度等工艺参数沉积SiN薄膜, 研究了流量比对在多晶硅太阳电池上所沉积的氮化硅薄膜性能的影响。实践表明, NH3/SiH4气体流量比为11.5∶1时电池材料具有最佳的光电性能。     

High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Chalcogen Containing Branched Chain Engineering: Balancing Short-Circuit Current and Open-Circuit Voltage,Enhancing Fill Factor

The elaborate balance between the open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and the short-circuit current density (J_SC) is critical to ensure efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, the chalcogen containing branched chain engineering is employed to address this dilemma. Three novel nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), named BTP-2O , BTP-O-S , and BTP-2S , featuring different peripheral chalcogen containing branched chains are synthesized. Compared with symmetric BTP-2O and BTP-2S grafting two alkoxy or alkylthio branched chains, the asymmetric BTP-O-S grafting one alkoxy and one alkylthio branched chains shows mediate absorption range, applicable miscibility, and favorable crystallinity. Benefiting from the enhanced π–π stacking and charge transport, an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.3% is obtained for the PM6: BTP-O-S -based devices, with a good balance between V_OC (0.912 V) and J_SC (24.5 mA cm⁻²), and a high fill factor (FF) of 0.775, which is much higher than those of BTP-2O (16.1%) and BTP-2S -based (16.4%) devices. Such a result represents one of the highest efficiencies among the binary OSCs with V_OC surpassing 0.9 V. Moreover, the BTP-O-S -based devices fabricated by using green solvent yield a satisfactory PCE of 17.1%. This work highlights the synergistic effect of alkoxy and alkylthio branched chains for high-performance OSCs by alleviating voltage loss and enhancing FF.     

应用于能量收集的DC-DC电路研究综述

随着物联网技术(IoT)的发展,越来越多的IoT传感器被应用于环境检测、物流管理、生产制造和医疗保健等领域。IoT传感器的使用年限取决于内部电池的使用时间,而内部电池是不可拆卸的,因此一旦电池损坏或者电量耗尽,则需要更换新IoT传感器,这大大提高了成本。能量收集技术的发展为解决该难题提供了新方向,该技术将环境中的微弱能量收集起来,通过相关技术转换成电能,为IoT传感器供电,摆脱了其对电池的依赖。文章综述了能量收集系统的关键技术,比较了不同电路结构的优缺点,并且总结了最大功率追踪技术(MPPT),表明MPPT技术从一维MPPT技术发展到三维MPPT技术,现在已有更多的辅助技术来提高MPPT电路的跟踪精度。为了实现更广泛的应用,多输入多输出的转换器已然成为研究重点,文章综述了多能量源输入多输出电压的转换器结构,静态功耗和动态范围等性能指标成为关注的重点。     

一种新型的电压型AMOLED像素补偿电路

针对常用3T1C结构的AMOLED像素补偿电路容易受到阈值电压漂移影响的问题,介绍了一种新型电压型4T2C结构的AMOLED像素补偿电路,阐明了该电路的工作原理,并对OLED的驱动电流作了定性分析。结果显示该驱动电流值只与驱动电压及电源电压有关,从而有效地解决了因阈值电压变化而造成的显示器亮度不均匀的问题。该电路已通过Spectre仿真软件验证了其有效性。     

空间目标双基地ISAR越多普勒单元徙动校正算法

针对双基地逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)的越多普勒单元徙动问题,以转台模型为研究对象,分别从回波信号模型和散射点相对收发双站速度变化2个角度分析了越多普勒单元徙动的产生机理,并提出了基于距离单元相位补偿的多普勒徙动校正算法.该算法首先由双基地雷达与目标的几何关系估计出其等效旋转速度,然后通过等分观测期间的目标回波获取2幅不同观测视角的ISAR图像,依据图像旋转相关最大准则估计出图像的等效旋转中心,实现一维距离像的定标,最后对每个距离单元进行相位补偿,完成越多普勒单元徙动的校正.仿真实验表明,算法能有效解决双基地ISAR越多普勒徙动问题,提高ISAR成像质量.     

High-Performance Green Thick-Film Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Crystallinity Regulation

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has reached high values of over 19%. However, most of the high-efficiency OSCs are fabricated by spin-coating with toxic solvents and the optimal photoactive layer thickness is limited to 100 nm, limiting practical development of OSCs. It is a great challenge to obtain ideal morphology for high-efficiency thick-film OSCs when using non-halogenated solvents due to the unfavorable film formation kinetics. Herein, high-efficiency ternary thick-film (300 nm) OSCs with PCE of 15.4% based on PM6:BTR-Cl:CH1007 are fabricated by hot slot-die coating using non-halogenated solvent (o-xylene) in the air. Compared to PM6:BTR-Cl:Y6 blends, the stronger pre-aggregation of CH1007 in solution induces the earlier aggregation of CH1007 molecules and longer aggregation time, and thus results in high and balanced crystallinity of donors and acceptor in CH1007-based ternary film, which led to high-carrier mobility and suppressed charge recombination. The ternary strategy is further used to fabricate high-efficiency, thick-film, large-area, and flexible devices processed from non-halogenated solvents, paving the way for industrial development of OSCs.