有机-无机自由基盐(DBTTF)6PMo12O40·2H2O的合成、性质和晶体结构

用电解法制备了有机-无机自由基盐(DBTTF)6PMo12O40·2H2O.用红外光谱、电子光谱和电子自旋共振谱进行了表征,测定了其磁化率、导电性和单晶的晶体结构,该晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.378 7(7)nm,b=1.420 4(2)nm,c=1.570 2(2)nm,α=104.570(8)°,β=103.41(2)°,γ=95.80(2)°,V=2.853(2)nm3,Z=1,Dc=2.142 Mg·m-3,R=0.072 7.     

PPV-PDMeOPV共聚物发光性质的实验和理论研究

具有优良电致发光性能的有机聚合物材料的研制及其发光性能和应用的研究是９０年代新兴的高科技领域．聚对苯乙炔［Ｐｏｌｙ（ｐ－ｐｈｅｎｙｌｅｎｅｖｉｎｙｌｅｎｅ）,缩写为ＰＰＶ,又称聚苯撑乙烯］是这一领域最先研制出来的具有代表性的材料［１,２］．为改变ＰＰ...     

Recovery of organic acids from fermentation broths

Rising concerns over the use of fossil resources have generated renewed interest in the production of commodity chemicals via fermentation. Organic acids are a particularly attractive target because their functionality enables downstream catalytic upgrading to a variety of compounds. In this article, we survey how common technical issues are addressed in the recovery schemes for several organic acids. We present results for the recovery of acetate using a new method based on amine complexation. Our reactive separation scheme produces a high-purity product, is energy efficient, and avoids the coproduction of a waste salt coproduct, all prerequisites for a large-scale production process.     

外围缩合四个1,10-啡啰啉单元的新氮杂酞菁的表面光伏响应及电场作用研究

通过电场诱导表面光电压谱确定外围缩合4个1,10-啡啉单元的氮杂酞菁为p型有机半导体,并对各个谱带进行合理的归属.结果发现,Soret带长波侧光电压曲线在电场作用下轻微蓝移,根据电场对高极化度n轨道基态的影响,将其归属为n-π^*     

有机溶剂/缓冲液两相体系中全细胞催化拆分环氧氯丙烷

研究了有机溶剂/缓冲液两相体系中重组大肠杆菌E.coli BL21 (DE3)全细胞水解动力学拆分外消旋环氧氯丙烷制备(R)-环氧氯丙烷的过程.结果表明,最适反应条件为:最适有机溶剂异辛烷与缓冲液的体积比7:3,最适缓冲液pH 8.0,底物浓度574mmol/L,全细胞加入量0.07g湿菌体/ml溶液,温度30℃.在此条件下于1L反应器中反应45min,(R)-环氧氯丙烷的摩尔产率、光学纯度和时空产率分别达到37.5%,99.3%ee和0.286mol/(L·h).与单一水相体系相比,异辛烷/缓冲液两相体系中底物浓度和(R)-环氧氯丙烷时空产率分别提高了55.2%和98.6%.     

The Chemistry of Cyborgs—Interfacing Technical Devices with Organisms

The term “cyborg” refers to a cybernetic organism, which characterizes the chimera of a living organism and a machine. Owing to the widespread application of intracorporeal medical devices, cyborgs are no longer exclusively a subject of science fiction novels, but technically they already exist in our society. In this review, we briefly summarize the development of modern prosthetics and the evolution of brain–machine interfaces, and discuss the latest technical developments of implantable devices, in particular, biocompatible integrated electronics and microfluidics used for communication and control of living organisms. Recent examples of animal cyborgs and their relevance to fundamental and applied biomedical research and bioethics in this novel and exciting field at the crossroads of chemistry, biomedicine, and the engineering sciences are presented.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Characterization of a New Adduct 3-Ammoniumphenyl Sulfone Dihydrogenphosphate Phosphoric Acid [C12H14N2SO2](H2PO4)2H3PO4

Abstract

A new adduct 3-ammoniumphenyl sulfone dihydrogenphosphate phosphoric acid, [C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₂S](H₂PO₄)₂H₃PO₄, has been synthesized by slow evaporation at room temperature using 3-aminophenyl sulfone as the structure-directing agent. The structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 293 K, can be described as inorganic layers built by H₂PO₄ ^? groups and H₃PO₄ molecules, parallel to the (a, c) planes at y = 0.5, between which molecules of the organic group [C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₂S]²⁺ are inserted. In this atomic arrangement, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions between the different species play an important role in the tri-dimensional network cohesion. Solid-state ¹³C and ³¹P MAS NMR spectroscopies are in agreement with the X-ray structure.

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements for the following free supplemental resource: Tables S1 and S2. Figures S1 and S2.]

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT      

Photovoltaic Performance of Triphenylamine Dyes-sensitized Solar Cells Employing Cobalt Redox Shuttle and Influence of π-conjugated Spacers

Developing photosensitizers suitable for the cobalt electrolyte and understanding the structure-property relationship of organic dyes is warranted for the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSCs incorporating tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(II/III)-based redox elec-trolyte and four synthesized organic dyes as photosensitizers are described. The photovoltaic performance of these dyes-sensitized solar cells employing the cobalt redox shuttle and the influences of the π-conjugated spacers of organic dyes upon the photovoltage and photocur-rent of mesoscopic titania solar cells are investigated. It is found that organic dyes with thiophene derivates as linkers are suitable for DSSCs employing cobalt electrolytes. DSSCs sensitized with the as-synthesized dyes in combination with the cobalt redox shuttle yield an overall power conversion efficiency of 6.1% under 100 mW/cm² AM1.5 G illumination.     

通过调节共轭聚合物侧链实现可绿色溶剂加工的非富勒烯太阳能电池

有机太阳能电池(OSC)经过长期的发展,其能量转换效率(PCE)已快速推进至14%–16%,基本接近可商业化应用的范围,但在目前所见报道的高效率OSC器件的制备过程中,活性层薄膜的加工大多采用氯苯、二氯苯、氯仿等毒性较高的含卤/芳香性试剂,此类试剂对环境及人类健康的危害非常高。在本工作中,我们基于已报道的高效率给体共轭聚合物PBDB-T,通过扩大共轭侧链结构与增长柔性烷基侧链的方式,合成了新型给体聚合物PBDB-DT。PBDB-DT中较长的柔性烷基侧链保证了其在低毒性溶剂四氢呋喃(THF)溶液中良好的溶解度,同时,扩大的共轭侧链也有效增强了其在THF中的溶液聚集作用,这一特性对于在非富勒烯型OSC器件中获得较好的光伏性能尤其重要。当采用非富勒烯小分子IT-M作为电子受体材料时,以THF为主溶剂加工的基于PBDB-DT:IT-M的OSC器件可以获得10.2%的能量转换效率。     

Next-generation aqueous flow battery chemistries

The battery industry is seeking solutions for large-scale energy storage that are affordable, durable, and safe. Aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) have the inherent properties to meet these requirements. While much has been learned over the past decade on the properties of redox materials, the focus of next-generation systems must be primarily on lowering redox material cost and increasing durability. In this context, in addition to inexpensive materials such as iron salts, redox couples based on small organic molecules have shown significant promise. A considerable level of understanding has been gained on the factors affecting the durability of aqueous RFB systems, specifically relating to molecular stability and crossover. New molecular classes, substituent strategies, and cell configurations have been identified to enhance the durability of systems in the future. Next-generation systems will also need to focus on designing molecules for achieving high energy efficiency and power density as well. Furthermore, the application of computational methods for screening of chemical stability could accelerate discovery of new molecular architectures.