全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6497篇 |
免费 | 577篇 |
国内免费 | 471篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3527篇 |
晶体学 | 53篇 |
力学 | 46篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
数学 | 13篇 |
物理学 | 1049篇 |
无线电 | 2853篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 52篇 |
2023年 | 495篇 |
2022年 | 127篇 |
2021年 | 309篇 |
2020年 | 264篇 |
2019年 | 247篇 |
2018年 | 167篇 |
2017年 | 334篇 |
2016年 | 437篇 |
2015年 | 373篇 |
2014年 | 589篇 |
2013年 | 466篇 |
2012年 | 441篇 |
2011年 | 369篇 |
2010年 | 306篇 |
2009年 | 364篇 |
2008年 | 291篇 |
2007年 | 310篇 |
2006年 | 265篇 |
2005年 | 193篇 |
2004年 | 205篇 |
2003年 | 124篇 |
2002年 | 107篇 |
2001年 | 108篇 |
2000年 | 62篇 |
1999年 | 73篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 69篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 38篇 |
1994年 | 38篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有7545条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Kai Xu Zhenchang Tang Yan Zhang Wanshu Li Haiou Li Lihui Wang Liming Liu Honghang Wang Feng Chi Xiaowen Zhang 《Current Applied Physics》2019,19(10):1076-1081
Germanium dioxide (GeO2) aqueous solutions are facilely prepared and the corresponding anode buffer layers (ABLs) with solution process are demonstrated. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that solution-processed GeO2 behaves superior film morphology and enhanced work function. Using GeO2 as ABL of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), the visible device with tris(8-hydroxy-quinolinato)aluminium as emitter gives maximum luminous efficiency of 6.5 cd/A and power efficiency of 3.5 lm/W, the ultraviolet device with 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole as emitter exhibits short-wavelength emission with peak of 376 nm, full-width at half-maximum of 42 nm, maximum radiance of 3.36 mW/cm2 and external quantum efficiency of 1.5%. The performances are almost comparable to the counterparts with poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) as ABL. The current, impedance, phase and capacitance as a function of voltage characteristics elucidate that the GeO2 ABL formed from appropriate concentration of GeO2 aqueous solution favors hole injection enhancement and accordingly promoting device performance. 相似文献
12.
三相全控桥式整流电路实验装置的研制 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了开发三相全控桥式整流电路实验装置的背景;叙述了TC787芯片的内部结构、工作原理、特点及芯片的各个管脚的功能;详细介绍了该实验装置的触发电路的设计思路、设计结果和工作原理;介绍了该实验装置的主电路部分的结构和特点。该实验装置性能可靠,符合本科生实验要求。 相似文献
13.
Two‐dimensional arrangements of molecules can show remarkable cooperative electronic effects. Such effects can serve to achieve direct electronic sensing of chemical and physical processes via electrostatic effects, i.e., without transfer of charge or matter between the locus of sensing and that of detection. 相似文献
14.
Organic conductor is a kind of organic compound which has special electronic and magnetic properties. The research of the organic compounds has received considerable attention because of their potential applications in many areas. The molecular conductive units are theoretically investigated as well as their energy gap and charge distribution. The relationship of conductivity and micro-mechanism is discussed. 相似文献
15.
H.‐C. Su F.‐C. Fang T.‐Y. Hwu H.‐H. Hsieh H.‐F. Chen G.‐H. Lee S.‐M. Peng K.‐T. Wong C.‐C. Wu 《Advanced functional materials》2007,17(6):1019-1027
Highly efficient orange and green emission from single‐layered solid‐state light‐emitting electrochemical cells based on cationic transition‐metal complexes [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2sb]PF6 (where ppy is 2‐phenylpyridine, dFppy is 2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)pyridine, and sb is 4,5‐diaza‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene) is reported. Photoluminescence measurements show highly retained quantum yields for [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2 sb]PF6 in neat films (compared with quantum yields of these complexes dispersed in m‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene films). The spiroconfigured sb ligands effectively enhance the steric hindrance of the complexes and reduce the self‐quenching effect. The devices that use single‐layered neat films of [Ir(ppy)2sb]PF6 and [Ir(dFppy)2sb]PF6 achieve high peak external quantum efficiencies and power efficiencies of 7.1 % and 22.6 lm W–1) at 2.5 V, and 7.1 % and 26.2 lm W–1 at 2.8 V, respectively. These efficiencies are among the highest reported for solid‐state light‐emitting electrochemical cells, and indicate that cationic transition‐metal complexes containing ligands with good steric hindrance are excellent candidates for highly efficient solid‐state electrochemical cells. 相似文献
16.
H.J. Bolink E. Coronado D. Repetto M. Sessolo E.M. Barea J. Bisquert G. Garcia‐Belmonte J. Prochazka L. Kavan 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(1):145-150
A new type of bottom‐emission electroluminescent device is described in which a metal oxide is used as the electron‐injecting contact. The preparation of such a device is simple. It consists of the deposition of a thin layer of a metal oxide on top of an indium tin oxide covered glass substrate, followed by the solution processing of the light‐emitting layer and subsequently the deposition of a high‐workfunction (air‐stable) metal anode. This architecture allows for a low‐cost electroluminescent device because no rigorous encapsulation is required. Electroluminescence with a high brightness reaching 5700 cd m–2 is observed at voltages as low as 8 V, demonstrating the potential of this new approach to organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices. Unfortunately the device efficiency is rather low because of the high current density flowing through the device. We show that the device only operates after the insertion of an additional hole‐injection layer in between the light‐emitting polymer (LEP) and the metal anode. A simple model that explains the experimental results and provides avenues for further optimization of these devices is described. It is based on the idea that the barrier for electron injection is lowered by the formation of a space–charge field over the metal‐oxide–LEP interface due to the build up of holes in the LEP layer close to this interface. 相似文献
17.
Organic electroluminescent thin film using Znq2(Znq2) as the emitting layer material with structure of glass/ITO/Znq2/Al(cell) was fabricated.The V-I curve ,V-B curve and electroluminescent spectra of the cell were measured.Meanwhile the fluorescent spectra, excited spectra and absorption spectra of Znq2 with power and film states were also measured. 相似文献
18.
介绍了电子设计自动化EDA (ElectricalDesignAutomation)技术的基本特点 ,以红外遥控为例 ,提出了一种PLD (可编程逻辑器件 )解码电路 ,并用ispLSI10 6 0实现 ,该电路原理简单、设计方便、工作可靠 ,可用于以键盘扫描为输入方式的智能仪器中。 相似文献
19.
20.
In this work, a comparison of the interfacial electronic properties between a semiconducting oligomer and a variety of substrates with different properties—metal, semiconductor and oxide layers—is reported. The interface formation was studied by X-ray and Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS, UPS). High purity oligomer films with thickness up to 10 nm were prepared by stepwise evaporation on the clean substrates under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. Analysis of the oligomer and substrate related XPS spectra clarified the interfacial chemistry and band bending in the semiconducting materials. The valence band structure and the interfacial dipoles were determined by UPS. The barriers for hole injection were measured at the interfaces of the organic film with all substrates. The interfacial energy band diagrams were deduced in all cases from the combination of XPS and UPS results. Emphasis was given on the influence of the substrate work function (eΦ) on the electronic properties of these interfaces. 相似文献