Collision avoidance in TV white spaces: a cross-layer design approach for cognitive radio networks

One of the most promising applications of cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is the efficient exploitation of TV white spaces (TVWSs) for enhancing the performance of wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer design (CLD) of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism at the medium access control (MAC) layer with spectrum sensing (SpSe) at the physical layer, for identifying the occupancy status of TV bands. The proposed CLD relies on a Markov chain model with a state pair containing both the SpSe and the CSMA/CA from which we derive the collision probability and the achievable throughput. Analytical and simulation results are obtained for different collision avoidance and SpSe implementation scenarios by varying the contention window, back off stage and probability of detection. The obtained results depict the achievable throughput under different collision avoidance and SpSe implementation scenarios indicating thereby the performance of collision avoidance in TVWSs-based CRNs.     

基于模糊传感器的机器人动态障碍环境中的运动控制

对自主式机械手在动态和部分已知且存在运动障碍环境中的运动规划和控制进行了研究,解决了自由碰撞运动控制中具有普遍意义的问题。利用人工势能场的机器人导航控制技术由模糊控制实现,系统的稳定性由李雅普诺夫原理保证。模糊控制器为机器人伺服提供控制指令,使机器人在不可预知的环境中能实时地、自主地选择到达目标的路径和方向。在动态环境的实时控制中,基于传感器的运动控制是处理未知模型和障碍物的重要控制方式。     

一种改进RRT的多机器人编队路径规划算法

多机器人路径规划是机器人领域的一个热点问题,相比于单机器人路径规划,其算法难度和复杂度都有所增加,在规划时需要兼顾多机避障、相互协作等难点问题.本文提出一种改进快速扩展随机树的多机器人编队路径规划算法,用于解决多机器人在复杂环境下的编队路径规划问题.针对多机器人在编队规划中的位置约束问题,定义机器人之间的领航-跟随结构,并对机器人队形建模.针对规划过程中编队朝向变化问题,建立搜索树扩展方向与队形方向之间的联系,通过调整队形方向改变规划时的编队朝向.针对具有质点模型和非完整约束动力学模型两种不同模型的多机器人系统,分别进行了仿真实验.仿真结果表明该算法在处理多机器人编队路径规划问题时可以取得良好的效果.     

ON THE ERROR ESTIMATE OF NONCONFORMING FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION TO THE OBSTACLE PROBLEM

This paper is devoted to analysis of the nonconforming element approximation to the obstacle problem, and improvement and correction of the results in [11], [12].     

Measured average cell rate‐based congestion avoidance scheme

Techniques for congestion control of available bit‐rate (ABR) traffic in ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks remain an important issue. Several congestion control schemes have been proposed to adjust the cell rates of sources with a modified or mean allowed cell rate. To make these schemes work effectively in practice, the modified or mean allowed cell rate must converge under all conditions. However, it is not easy to obtain an accurate value, and an inaccurate value could result in network performance degradation such as severe oscillations and considerable unfairness. Therefore, we propose a measured average cell rate‐based congestion avoidance for ABR traffic in ATM networks. The scheme has high throughput and achieves shorter queue lengths without congestion. With measured average cell rate, the scheme provides fast convergence to a start‐up virtual connection (VC) and rate of equalization from different initial conditions of the sources. Thus, this scheme provides better fairness among connections. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一个变分不等式的奇异摄动

对变分不等式的奇异摄动问题进行了探索,证明了解的重合集Iε={x∈Ωuε（x)=φ}在Hausdorff距离意义下收敛到ε＝0时解的重合集。     

Evolution and Trade-Off Dynamics of Functional Load

Functional load (FL) quantifies the contributions by phonological contrasts to distinctions made across the lexicon. Previous research has linked particularly low values of FL to sound change. Here, we broaden the scope of enquiry into FL to its evolution at higher values also. We apply phylogenetic methods to examine the diachronic evolution of FL across 90 languages of the Pama–Nyungan (PN) family of Australia. We find a high degree of phylogenetic signal in FL, indicating that FL values covary closely with genealogical structure across the family. Though phylogenetic signals have been reported for phonological structures, such as phonotactics, their detection in measures of phonological function is novel. We also find a significant, negative correlation between the FL of vowel length and of the following consonant—that is, a time-depth historical trade-off dynamic, which we relate to known allophony in modern PN languages and compensatory sound changes in their past. The findings reveal a historical dynamic, similar to transphonologization, which we characterize as a flow of contrastiveness between subsystems of the phonology. Recurring across a language family that spans a whole continent and many millennia of time depth, our findings provide one of the most compelling examples yet of Sapir’s ‘drift’ hypothesis of non-accidental parallel development in historically related languages.     

基于MMSE准则实现多址干扰避免的信号设计

本文基于最小均方误差准则(MMSE),在发端对系统中多个用户的发送信号样式进行了设计优化,最大限度地避免用户间的相互干扰,使检测器输出与发送符号之间的最小均方误差达到理论下限。在最佳信号设计过程中,本文利用矩阵分块理论简化了算法、降低了运算复杂度。并且设计的信号在加性高斯白噪声信道条件下所获得的系统容量要优于Rose等人(2002)采用特征值迭代算法(Eigen Algorithm)设计的信号集合,文章最后通过仿真给予证实。     

基于AODV的自组网QoS路由协议

该文在AODV协议的基础上,设计了保证实时业务服务质量的路由协议Q-AODV。该协议针对无线环境的共享媒体特性,定义了节点的共享频率集,以节点周围的剩余可预约带宽作为路由度量的主要参数,回避可能发生拥塞的链路,同时提高了网络的整体效率。仿真结果表明:该算法保证了实时业务的服务质量,在数据包的传输时延和网络的分组递交率方面优于原有协议。     

无人机用激光雷达跨阻电路改进设计

无人机采用激光雷达探测目标位置和障碍物,是一种新型的探测跟踪工具,但传统方法设计的跨阻放大器前端接收电路稳定性较差,导致无人机避障能力下降,因此,设计全新的无人机用激光雷达跨阻电路.此次设计根据得到的激光发射器脉冲飞行时间探测误差,设计外环与内环共同组成的控制回路,并根据跨阻放大器前段接收电路,重新设计一个自适应增益控...