Simulated annealing in the presence of noise

In many practical optimization problems, evaluation of a solution is subject to noise, e.g., due to stochastic simulations or measuring errors. Therefore, heuristics are needed that are capable of handling such noise. This paper first reviews the state-of-the-art in applying simulated annealing to noisy optimization problems. Then, two new algorithmic variants are proposed: an improved version of stochastic annealing that allows for arbitrary annealing schedules, and a new approach called simulated annealing in noisy environments (SANE). The latter integrates ideas from statistical sequential selection in order to reduce the number of samples required for making an acceptance decision with sufficient statistical confidence. Finally, SANE is shown to significantly outperform other state-of-the-art simulated annealing techniques on a stochastic travelling salesperson problem.     

光滑平面上对称充液腔体定常转动态的稳定性、分叉和突变

本文对形体旋转对称,重心位于对称轴上,并充满粘性均匀液体的对称陀螺在光滑水平面上的运动,给出其定态转动(特别着重斜转态)在各种参数条件下的数目,取向角及Румянцев-Movchan意义下的稳定性。将角动量竖直分量的平方M~2取为控制参数,对定态转动得到三种分叉类型和相应的突变方式。考虑到不可避免地存在微弱摩擦力矩会导致M~2的极缓慢衰减,本文根据分叉突变分析,避开了繁琐的动力学论证,对于初始处于零章动角的稳定准竖立正转定态的陀螺,证明只存在两种不同的倾倒方式。这是突变理论在充液腔体旋转运动问题上的有理论和实际意义的应用。此外,得到的q_4支对陀螺的稳定性控制具有实际意义。     

用于微光探测的高灵敏度接收机设计

详细分析了光接收机噪声源及噪声模型,研究了其系统组成与电路设计问题,提出了可用于微光探测系统的接收机设计方案。选用合适的器件,采用低噪声电路设计方法,制作了实际光接收机电路,并进行了相应实验测试。结果表明,该设计方案可以满足实际微光探测要求,对应用于不同系统的高灵敏度光接收机设计具有较强的参考价值。     

噪声调频复合单频连续波雷达空间高速目标的探测

噪声调频连续波雷达由于发射信号无周期,具有理想的图钉型模糊函数,没有周期性距离模糊和速度模糊,从原理上非常适合在轨探测远距离的超高速空间目标。该文采用插值法建立了噪声调频连续波高速目标回波模型,提出噪声调频复合单频连续波雷达采用校正距离走动的“匹配参考信号”进行相参处理的方法,实现跨距离门积累从而提高距离主旁瓣比;针对多个目标的检测采用FFT-IFFT逐个“Clean”的办法,进一步提高检测目标动态范围。仿真结果表明所提出的方法是有效可行的。     

SNR wall and cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio under noise uncertainty

Cooperative energy spectrum sensing has been proved effective to detect the spectrum holes in Cognitive Radio (CR). However, its performance may suffer from the noise uncertainty, which is portrayed by the SNR wall in some literatures. In this paper we analyze the spectrum sensing performance under noise uncertainty and find an alternative approach to obtain the SNR wall. Then the average SNR wall is proposed to illustrate the statistically average impact of noise uncertainty. In addition, the cooperative sensing performance under noise uncertainty with AND rule is discussed. Analyses and numerical results show that cooperative sensing can significantly improve the sensing performance under the condition of noise uncertainty.     

连续相位调制信号的信噪比估计

针对连续相位调制（CPM）信号信噪比估计子空间分解算法运算量较大和最大似然估计（MLE）算法信噪比小于0dB时精确度差的问题,提出了一种精确度较高的快速算法。该算法是对常用的最大似然算法的改进,利用接收信号的统计和互相关特性,无需获得信号的初始相位,便可快速准确地估计出信号的信噪比。信噪比在-20dB～20dB之间时,估计误差小于1dB。MATLAB和FPGA仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

5.2GHz 0.18μm CMOS射频低噪声放大器的设计

采用TSMC 0.18μm CMOS工艺,设计应用于IEEE 802.11a的无线局域网络的低噪声放大器（LNA）。整个电路采用1.8V单电源供电,输入输出匹配良好。用ADS模拟软件对电路进行分析优化,结果表明：在中心频率5.2GHz处,噪声系数为2.51dB,功率增益为17.373dB。     

Validation of a complex urban noise model close to a road

The adequacy of a model for the sound level close to a road is investigated by comparing resulting predictions for the sound level over a building façade with measurements. The road model involves the road geometry (the number and positions of traffic lanes), the traffic structure (vehicle flow rates and their average speeds in each lane) and equivalent omnidirectional point sources representing the vehicles. It is found that the assumed road traffic noise source model is adequate only for predicting levels over the higher part of the façade. However the investigation has allowed definition of what improvements are needed in the road source modelling to enable adequate predictions over the whole of the building façade.     

Noise map validation by continuous noise monitoring

This paper presents a comparison of two noise assessments in the Gdansk agglomeration in Poland. One is based on the noise map produced by computational method for the city in 2007, the second one is based on real data from continuous measurements acquired by a noise monitoring network operating in the city since 2008. Differences are shown and analyzed. Additionally, seasonal and weekday influence on noise indicators (L_DEN, L_D, L_E and L_N) is analyzed and discussed in this paper.