光学相干层析系统噪音分析(Ⅱ)——时域OCT和频域OCT

本文作为前文《光学相干层析系统噪音分析(I)》的后续,对时域OCT和频域OCT的噪音和灵敏度进行了详细的分析和计算,证明与时域OCT系统不同,频域OCT系统的信噪比与光源带宽和纵向扫描深度无关,频域OCT系统可以在高速率图像采集的情况下仍然保持探测系统的大动态范围.     

太阳射电爆发中图像网纹消除的小波NeighShrink方法

绝大多数观测得到的太阳爆发数据中均含有大量的噪声,这给数据的后续处理带来极大的困难。文章分析和研究了NeighShrink阈值函数的特点以及邻域窗口大小的选择依据,在此基础上提出了一种新的小波NeighShrink平方根阈值方法用于图像去噪。首先对太阳爆发灰度图中的每一通道作了规范化处理,在一定程度上去除由于通道间的差异造成的横条纹,然后将预处理后的图像进行小波分解,采用小波Neigh-Shrink平方根阈值函数对其小波系数作阈值处理,最后利用小波反变换恢复图像。实验结果表明该方法可以有效地实现去除干扰、增强有用信息的目的。     

Acoustic topology optimization of sound power using mapped acoustic radiation modes

An efficient approach for acoustic topology optimization to minimize the radiated sound power from a vibrating structure is described. The topology optimization is implemented by modifying the local stiffness at discrete locations on the surface of the structure. The radiated sound power level from the structure is directly chosen as the objective function to be minimized. A sensitivity analysis is then implemented to further optimize the layout of the locations of the modified local stiffness. To speed up the computational process, the radiated sound power is computed based on mapped acoustic radiation modes. To demonstrate the acoustic topology optimization using mapped acoustic radiation modes, the radiated sound power of a compressor housing is examined. Based on results from the numerical model, the local stiffness of a compressor housing was experimentally modified. Good agreement in sound power reduction obtained both numerically and experimentally was observed for the overall trend for the sound power levels as a function of one-third octave frequency bands.     

Optimal echo spacing for multi-echo imaging measurements of Bi-exponential T2 relaxation

Calculations, analytical solutions, and simulations were used to investigate the trade-off of echo spacing and receiver bandwidth for the characterization of bi-exponential transverse relaxation using a multi-echo imaging pulse sequence. The Cramer–Rao lower bound of the standard deviation of the four parameters of a two-pool model was computed for a wide range of component T₂ values and echo spacing. The results demonstrate that optimal echo spacing (TE_opt) is not generally the minimal available given other pulse sequence constraints. The TE_opt increases with increasing value of the short T₂ time constant and decreases as the ratio of the long and short time constant decreases. A simple model of TE_opt as a function of the two T₂ time constants and four empirically derived scalars is presented.     

The effect of a suppressor to environmental noise – A case study

The purpose of the study is to describe the effect of a suppressor to environmental noise with a typical Finnish rifle shooting range that has a shooting shelter and some noise berms. The noise measurements were carried out at Kyronpelto shooting range situated near Mikkeli in Finland. The range is equipped with wooden shooting shelter, the shooting distance is 150 m, and it has berms on sides and at the impact end. The terrain is relatively flat in the area. The best noise area reduction caused by a suppressor could be seen at angles of 315–45° from the shooting direction. The projectile noise dominates at angles 45–70°, and the effect of the suppressor is very small. To the side and back the shooting shelter has already gained significant noise attenuation, and therefore the suppressor cannot reduce the noise area much more. When there was a relatively tight shooting shelter to the side and back, the suppressor did not reduce the environmental noise area significantly any more. It can be calculated that the noise area of 65 dB (L_AImax) is reduced from 95 ha to 50 ha (0.95 km²–0.50 km²) with the help of a suppressor. However, most of the area is situated to the shooting sector and it has to be unoccupied for safety reasons.     

降低轴流风机噪声的两种方法

本文对轴流风机的噪声源进行了理论和实验分析,对降低风机噪声的方法进行了总结。在此基础上,研究了降低风机噪声的两种新方法——叶片不等距分布方法和叶片穿孔方法。理论分析和实验结果表明,这两种方法为降低轴流风机噪声提供了新的途径。     

洁净手术室空调的低频噪声控制

对洁净空调中风机的低频噪声产生和控制作了介绍,重点介绍了微穿孔消声器和阻尼减振技术。并提出医院、生物安全和动物试验用L或C计权计量室内噪声,并考核倍频程的噪声参数。     

GaAs/AlGaAs量子阱红外探测器噪声特性分析

分析了第一激发态在势垒以上的ＧａＡｓ／ＡｌＧａＡｓ量子阱红外探测器中存在的几种基本噪声,讨论了它们对探测器性能的影响。     

Noise performance analysis of bi-directionally pumped distributed fiber Raman amplifiers with consideration of fiber nonlinearity and its impact on EDFA output OSNR

Under small-signal assumption, equivalent noise figure normalized by fiber nonlinearities (NENF) of bi-directionally pumped distributed fiber Raman amplifiers (BiDFRA) is derived. Amplified spontaneous Raman scattering noise and double Rayleigh scattering noise are both included. The relation between NENF and Raman gain, forward Raman gain percentage is investigated under different polarization factor and Rayleigh scattering coefficient. It agrees well with numerical simulation results. Based on the analytical expression, the optical signal-to-nose ratio (OSNR) improvement of hybrid pre-BiDFRA/erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) compared with sole EDFA is studied. It is shown that there is an optimum Raman gain and forward Raman gain percentage to maximize the OSNR improvement. Finally, some guidelines on BiDFRA design are proposed.     

S波段超低噪声放大模块研制

通过对各种反馈网络的研究，确定了一种合适的反馈电路。并合理选择有源器件，最终在Ｓ波段得到噪声温度３０Ｋ、功率增益３４ｄＢ、输入输出驻波比１．３、体积仅为３５ｍｍ×２５ｍｍ×１０ｍｍ的实验结果。