Analysis of subdivision schemes for nets of functions by proximity and controllability

In this paper we develop tools for the analysis of net subdivision schemes, schemes which recursively refine nets of bivariate continuous functions defined on grids of lines, and generate denser and denser nets. Sufficient conditions for the convergence of such a sequence of refined nets, and for the smoothness of the limit function, are derived in terms of proximity to a bivariate linear subdivision scheme refining points, under conditions controlling some aspects of the univariate functions of the generated nets. Approximation orders of net subdivision schemes, which are in proximity with positive schemes refining points are also derived. The paper concludes with the construction of a family of blending spline-type net subdivision schemes, and with their analysis by the tools presented in the paper. This family is a new example of net subdivision schemes generating C¹ limits with approximation order 2.     

The Ln–Cu(II)–Hpic–H2BDC system showing interesting production variety upon different reaction conditions: hydrothermal synthesis,structures, thermostability,and magnetism

Herein, we report research regarding the Ln–Cu(II)–Hpic–H₂BDC system, where Ln, Hpic, and H₂BDC are lanthanide ions, picolinic acid, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, respectively. Under different reaction temperatures (160°C and 170°C), the self-assembly of Gd₂O₃, CuCl₂, Hpic, and H₂BDC in water at pH = 2 adjusted by HClO₄ generates two Ln-containing coordination compounds, GdCu(pic)(PhCOO)₄ (1) and Gd(pic)(BDC)(µ-H₂O)₂(H₂O) (2) (PhCOOH = benzenecarboxylic acid). Under the same reaction conditions, if Gd₂O₃ is replaced by Pr₃O₄, then polymer Pr₄(BDC)₆(µ-H₂O)₂ (3) is obtained. The structural features are 1-D tape or 2-D irregular (6, 3) net. We also explored their phase purity by X-ray diffraction analysis and evaluated their thermostability by thermogravimetric analysis studies.     

净电荷对螺旋型抗癌肽生物活性的影响

以高活性两亲性α-螺旋型阳离子抗癌肽A12L/A20L(多肽P)为模板, 在其亲水面进行氨基酸定点取代, 获得了一系列带有不同净电荷的多肽类似物, 研究了净电荷对螺旋型抗癌肽生物活性的影响. 结果表明, 抗癌肽净电荷的改变对其溶血活性影响较小(最大差异为2倍), 而对抗癌活性和选择性的影响显著(最大差异为10倍). 抗癌肽P的净电荷最适范围为+7到+8, 分子间静电排斥作用的最佳数目为3~5个, 高于或低于此范围, 其抗癌活性和选择性均明显降低. 与人的正常细胞相比, 负电性的癌细胞膜对于抗癌肽的净电荷变化更敏感, 表明两亲性螺旋型抗癌肽针对癌细胞与正常细胞表现出良好的选择特异性.     

净信号在近红外光谱分析中的应用研究

现代近红外光谱技术以其分析速度快、重现性好、成本低,且不消耗样品和易于实现在线分析等鲜明的特点正得到越来越多的应用。但近红外光谱严重重迭,需要利用化学计量学的方法建立多元回归模型对样品的物化性质进行预测。通过对建模过程和模型性能的分析,可实现对预测模型的优化,从而更好地指导未知样品的预测。文章主要介绍了在多元回归模型中具有基础作用的净信号的定义,并以葡萄糖的水溶液为例,详细说明了葡萄糖净信号的计算,及其与葡萄糖和水的吸光系数、样品复杂性之间的定性关系,最后还讨论了净信号在评价测量精度方面所起的重要作用。     

汽车功率半导体的主要市场趋向及相关的测试技术挑战

近年来电子仪器在自动化用途中的应用经历了不凡的变化,现今的汽车能够拥有多达350个电机,每个都由集成的集成电路器件来实现更多的智能化功能进行光强反射镜、光源调整、自动刹车等的控制系统。此外,成本减少的研究计划和新的标准在驱动着汽车制造商采用智能化控制的功率半导体器件替代硬连线的机械开关和电子继电器。为了与不断增长的车载互相联络要求相适应,新的通信标准已开始形成,以替代和补充现有的标准。最终半导体供货商开始准备向42V控制盘网络平稳转移,它可望在10年内进入市场。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the damping effect of net cages in waves

A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the damping effect of net cages in waves. The wave transmission coefficient of the net cage was investigated with different wave periods, wave heights, numbers of net cages, net solidities, measurement positions, geometrical shapes of the net cage and Reynolds numbers. The experimental results show that the net cage has noticeable influence on wave propagation and the damping effect of net cages has a close relationship with many parameters. For multiple net cages, the transmission coefficient tends to increase as the wave period increases. The transmission coefficient of net cages decreases with increasing wave height. As the number of net cages increases, the wave transmission coefficient will decrease gradually. The damping effect of net cages on wave propagation tends to increase with increasing net solidity. The measurement position has an effect on the value of wave transmission coefficient. For net cages with different geometrical shapes, the circular net cage has more noticeable damping effect than the square net cage. A numerical model is introduced to simulate the interaction between waves and net cages with the fishing net treated as the porous media fluid model. The wave transmission coefficient downstream from net cages shows good agreement between experimental and numerical results. The study will contribute to understanding of the damping effect of a large fish farm on wave propagation.     

Hydrothermal pretreatment of rice straw at relatively lower temperature to improve biogas production via anaerobic digestion

The performances of rice straw (RS) degradation and biogas production were examined at different pretreatment temperatures from 90℃ to 130℃ to improve biogas fermentation efficiency and net energy production in whole slurry. Test at 100℃ pretreatment, which achieved 12.8% higher net energy production from RS than that observed in the control, could be considered as the optimal choice.     

Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q微晶片激光器重复频率稳定性研究

对连续激光二极管抽运Nd∶YVO4/Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q微晶片激光器输出激光重复频率的稳定性进行了理论和实验研究.结果表明,谐振腔内存在最佳净增益,可以使激光器工作在稳定区.通过优化腔内的净增益,耦合输出镜反射率为85%,饱和吸收体初始透射率为70%,抽运功率从1.05 W到1.20 W的情况下,激光器工作在稳定区.当抽运功率为1.16 W时,获得了重复频率为19.48 kHz,稳定性优于0.68%(RMS)的高重复频率激光输出.进一步分析了抽运功率抖动对输出激光重复频率稳定性的影响.结果表明,激光器进入稳定区之后,抽运功率的抖动是制约输出激光重复频率稳定性进一步提高的最主要因素.针对抽运功率抖动带来的影响,讨论了增益预抽运技术,并比较了其优缺点.     

高光谱分析叶菜对颗粒物污染的响应特征规律

大气中的颗粒物不仅影响人类生活,还影响植物的光合作用、生长发育和产量品质。实现了颗粒物污染环境的人工模拟,并对采收期的小白菜、生菜、小油菜三种叶菜进行颗粒物作用试验,获取叶片的光合生理信息和高光谱数据,基于高光谱技术和植物表型分析叶菜对颗粒物的响应机理,研究叶菜的光合特性和光谱特征对颗粒物污染的响应情况。结果表明：以颗粒物作为唯一差别条件下,三种叶菜叶片的高光谱曲线整体趋势相同,在可见光波段内试验组反射率增加最大,红边位置发生蓝移,小油菜对颗粒物的作用最敏感,小白菜吸附颗粒物的能力最强。分别比较三种叶菜的净光合速率与叶片原始光谱、一阶导数光谱的相关性,利用相关分析法提取三种叶菜的敏感波段,用原始光谱、FD、MSC和相关分析法提取特征波长;比较10个高光谱特征参数及4个植被指数与净光合速率的相关系数,选出敏感光谱特征参数和植被指数,即生菜的Dr,SDr,SDr/SDb和SDr/Sdy,小白菜的SDr,Dy,NIRRP,(SDr-SDy)/(SDr+SDy)以及小油菜的λr,SDy,(SDr-SDy)/(SDr+SDy)。用ln对数运算、多项式函数以及几种组合方法建立三种叶菜叶片的净光合速率定量反演模型,其中,预处理方法采用SG,FD,SD和MSC,建模方法采用CLS,PLS,PCR和SMLR。以相关系数为模型评价指标,最终确定FD+SG+PLS方法是建立生菜和小白菜净光合速率反演模型的最优方法,FD+SG+MSC+SMLR方法是建立小油菜净光合速率反演模型的最优方法。所建模型可为今后颗粒物污染环境下的模型修正提供参考,具有实用性。研究结果为利用高光谱技术研究叶菜类蔬菜在颗粒物污染环境下的诊断与分析提供理论依据,为设施农业蔬菜的病害预警、生理信息监测、设施环境的净化和管控提供新思路。