A hierarchical design methodology for full-search block matching motion estimation

Many useful DSP algorithms have high dimensions and complex logic. Consequently, an efficient implementation of these algorithms on parallel processor arrays must involve a structured design methodology. Full-search block-matching motion estimation is one of those algorithms that can be developed using parallel processor arrays. In this paper, we present a hierarchical design methodology for the full-search block matching motion estimation. Our proposed methodology reduces the complexity of the algorithm into simpler steps and then explores the different possible design options at each step. Input data timing restrictions are taken into consideration as well as buffering requirements. A designer is able to modify system performance by selecting some of the algorithm variables for pipelining or broadcasting. Our proposed design strategy also allows the designer to study time and hardware complexities of computations at each level of the hierarchy. The resultant architecture allows easy modifications to the organization of data buffers and processing elements-their number, datapath pipelining, and complexity-to produce a system whose performance matches the video data sample rate requirements.     

基于C++语言的多维动态数组的实现

在用Visual C 语言处理复杂和庞大的数据时,常需要用到多维动态数组来管理,但开辟多维动态数组时指针的使用是极为复杂和难于理解的。针对这一问题,利用“递推”的思想进行研究,给出快速有效地建立多维动态数组的C 代码的思路和方法,并给出详细代码。经过验证此方法是可行的,从而为较好地解决这类问题带来很大的方便。     

用于自适应天线的稳健的RLS算法

抗干扰通信是电子战的重要组成部分，自适应天线不仅具有很强的抗干扰能力而且可以与其它通信抗干扰技术相兼容，自适应算法是自适应天线的核心。本文把应用数学学科研究的热门方法之一“稳健估计（RE）”应用于RLS算法中，得到稳健的RLS算法（RRLS），理论分析与计算机模拟结果都证明了RRLS算法基本保持了RLS算法的优点，同时在抗突出值干扰方面，优于RLS算法，提高了RLS算法的稳健性。     

Concerning Difference Matrices

Several new constructions for difference matrices are given. One classof constructions uses pairwise balanced designs to develop newdifference matrices over the additive group of GF (q). A second class of constructions gives difference matrices overgroups whose orders are not (necessarily) prime powers.     

Non-contact optical fibre phased array generation of ultrasound for non-destructive evaluation of materials and processes

The use of non-contact laser techniques for the generation of ultrasound has extended the limits of the application of traditional ultrasonic techniques. This paper focusses on the use of one such non-contact laser technique, known as ‘optical fibre array’, to generate shear and surface waves. The shear wave experimental directivity pattern results are presented and compared with the theoretical results of a single source and an array source. The experimental directivity results for the surface wave are also presented, and compared with the theoretical results. The data show that the array enhances signal generation in the forward direction for both shear and surface waves. The array gain is also discussed. The receiver for the directivity measurements was a contact piezoelectric transducer.     

Optimal control of stretching process of solar arrays on spacecraft using wavelet expansion method

The optimal attitude control problem of spacecraft during its solar arrays stretching process is discussed in the present paper. By using the theory of wavelet analysis in control algorithm, the discrete orthonormal wavelet function is introduced into the optimal control problem, the method of wavelet expansion is substituted for the classical Fourier basic function. An optimal control algorithm based on wavelet analysis is proposed. The effectiveness of the wavelet expansion approach is shown by numerical simulation. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Multi-frequency harmonic arrays: initial experience with a novel transducer concept for nonlinear contrast imaging

Nonlinear contrast imaging modes such as second harmonic imaging (HI) and subharmonic imaging (SHI) are increasingly important for clinical applications. However, the performance of currently available transducers for HI and SHI is significantly constrained by their limited bandwidth. To bypass this constraint, a novel transducer concept termed multi-frequency harmonic transducer arrays (MFHA's) has been designed and a preliminary evaluation has been conducted. The MFHA may ultimately be used for broadband contrast enhanced HI and SHI with high dynamic range and consists of three multi-element piezo-composite sub-arrays (A-C) constructed so the center frequencies are 4f(A) = 2f(B) = f(C) (specifically 2.5/5.0/10.0 MHz and 1.75/3.5/7.0 MHz). In principle this enables SHI by transmitting on sub-array C receiving on B and, similarly, from B to A as well as HI by transmitting on A receiving on B and, likewise, from B to C. Initially transmit and receive pressure levels of the arrays were measured with the elements of each sub-array wired in parallel. Following contrast administration, preliminary in vitro HI and SHI signal-to-noise ratios of up to 40 dB were obtained. In conclusion, initial design and in vitro characterization of two MFHA's have been performed. They have an overall broad frequency bandwidth of at least two octaves. Due to the special design of the array assembly, the SNR for HI and SHI was comparable to that of regular B-mode and better than commercially available HI systems. However, further research on multi-element MFHA's is required before their potential for in vivo nonlinear contrast imaging can be assessed.     

Using light to bioactivate surfaces: A new way of creating oriented, active immunobiosensors

Ultraviolet light can be used to immobilize biomolecules onto thiol reactive surfaces in order to, e.g., make biosensors. The mechanism involves light-induced formation of free, reactive thiol groups in disulphide containing molecules. This technology allows for the creation of arrays of biomolecules with a high degree of reproducibility, circumventing the need for often expensive nano/micro-dispensing technologies. The ultimate size of the immobilized spots is defined by the focal area of the UV beam. Light-induced immobilization has the added benefit that the immobilized molecules will be spatially oriented and covalently bound to the surface. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of a sensor array created with the new sensor technology when integrated into a microfluidic system. Protein arrays made using light-induced immobilization showed successful antigen/antibody binding in a flow cell allowing the visualisation of real time binding and enzyme activity. This new technology is ideal for the creation of protein/DNA microarrays, can replace present micro-dispensing arraying technologies and is ideal as a molecular imprinting technology.     

一种低压低功耗高增益放大器的设计

提出了一种基于1.5μm BCD(Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS)工艺的低压低功耗高增益运算放大器。该放大器可在低至1.8 V的电源电压下正常工作。设计中采用多级差分级级联和共模反馈结构,通过双重嵌套式米勒补偿结构进行补偿。新颖的带有静态电流控制的甲乙类输出级使得在实现轨到轨输出的同时,有效地减小了放大器的交越失真。测试结果表明,提出的设计目标均已实现,放大器在5 V的电源电压下,开环增益达到96.3 dB,在10 V/V固定增益比应用时,增益误差为±0.06%,-3 dB带宽为45 kHz,静态工作电流在60μA以下。     

Costas序列在雷达信号设计中的应用研究

阐述了Costas序列的代数结构及其特点,分析了常用雷达信号,如线性调频脉冲信号、非线性调频脉冲信号等的模糊函数,文中指出当雷达信号使用Costas序列的构成方法形成跳频扩频的信号时,将获得理想的模糊函数性能,即同时获得极好的距离分辨率和速度分辨率。文中建立了多目标散射、多径衰落和加性高斯白噪声信道的数学模型,并介绍了多目标散射、多径衰落和加性高斯白噪声信道的雷达信号设计方法,最后给出了计算机仿真结果。