Application of spectroscopic imaging in epilepsy

Functional and anatomical neuroimaging has had a dramatic effect on the evaluation of patients for seizure surgery. The demonstration by PET that the epileptogenic focus has interictal metabolic abnormalities has allowed a greater number of patients to come to seizure surgery, with fewer of these patients requiring intracranial electrode evaluations. Metabolic changes have also been demonstrated utilizing single voxel and whole brain ¹H and ³¹P MRS imaging techniques with the interictal focus characterized by increased Pi, pH, and decreased PME and NAA. These findings can be used to accurately lateralize temporal lobe as well as frontal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, there is evidence that these findings can be used to localize the seizure focus with the changes specific for the epileptogenic region; although, more diffuse changes both ipsilaterally and contralaterally have been seen. In patients with anterior hippocampal seizure foci the pH is significantly alkaline only in the ipsilateral hippocampus, whereas the increased Pi and decreased PME can be seen throughout the ipsilateral temporal lobe. When compared to controls the contralateral hemisphere is acidotic. Decreased NAA concentrations as well as NAA/Cr ratios have been demonstrated in the epileptogenic region in temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy. The decreased NAA has been correlated with the severity of cell loss, and may be a more sensitive measure than qualitative or quantitative measures of the hippocampal atrophy; however, the NAA decrease is more widespread than just the epileptogenic focus but may be maximal at the site of seizure initiation. In preliminary work, NAA maps of deviation from normality have suggested the maximal change to coincide with the epileptogenic region. These results suggest that in focal epilepsy there is abnormal metabolic activity throughout the brain detectable by MRS, with patterns of metabolic asymmetry that are useful for seizure localization.     

基于作用距离的红外成像系统光学参数确定

作用距离是决定红外成像系统性能的重要指标,可直接影响红外成像光学系统的参数确定.基于作用距离的参数确定方法建立了探测器与作用距离、空间分辨率之间的关系,对光学系统的参数确定和性能评价具有重要作用.结合实例确定了红外成像系统光学的主要参数,采用非制冷凝视型长波红外探测器(工作波段为8mμ～12μm),在.特定的作用距离下,利用该方法确定的红外光学系统通光口径为90mm,F数值为1.     

热像仪定标函数的研究

在宽波段内用普朗克（Ｐｌａｎｋ）公式精确地定标热像仪，建立热像仪的输出值和被测目标温度间精确的定标函数，推导定标函数公式及其精确解的系数。给出ＰＣ－１５００袖珍计算机上使用的计算程序，能迅速方便地按热像仪使用的不同物镜、口径比、滤光片的组合算出物体的温度，不仅为热像仪、红外测温仪的定标提供了理论和实用的数学模型，也为用它们作现场测温提供了方便的计算方法。     

Model correction for the formation of amorphous silicon by ion implantation

The critical dose at which an implanted amorphous layer in silicon is formed cannot be explained by a previous energy independent model. An energy dependent correction to this model can explain our ESR data as well as other data. The correction is most important for light ions.     

Face and eyes localization algorithm in thermal images for temperature measurement of the inner canthus of the eyes

In this paper, a novel algorithm for the detection and localization of the face and eyes in thermal images is presented, particularly the temperature measurement of the human body by measuring the eye corner (inner canthus) temperature. The algorithm uses a combination of the template-matching, knowledge-based and morphological methods, particularly the modified Randomized Hough Transform (RHT) in the localization process, also growing segmentation to increase accuracy of the localization algorithm. In many solutions, the localization of the face and/or eyes is made by manual selection of the regions of the face and eyes and then the average temperature in the region is measured. The paper also discusses experimental studies and the results, which allowed the evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed algorithm. The standardization of measurement, necessary for proper temperature measurement with the use of infrared thermal imaging, are also presented.     

HIGH RESOLUTION REAL-TIME MEDICAL IMAGING BASED ON PARALLEL BEAMFORMING TECHNIQUE

Improvement of frame-rate is very important for high quality ultrasound imaging of fast-moving structures.It is also one of the key technologies of Three-Dimension (3-D) real-time medical imaging.In th...     

Epoxy Ring Opening Phase Transfer as a General Route to Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Their Application as Positive MRI Contrast Agents

A novel and efficient method to produce water dispersible superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles is described. Nanoparticles prepared by non‐hydrolytic organic phase methods are subsequently functionalized with (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, a linker that prevents aggregation and is available for subsequent coupling reactions with a wide range of polymers and biomolecules. Ring opening coupling reactions were used to coat the epoxy‐functionalized magnetite nanoparticles with aminated polymers (polyetheramines) or small molecules (arginine). The resulting nanoparticles, with hydrodynamic size of 13 nm, are found to be very stable over extended periods in water or PBS due to the presence of a dense stabilizer layer covalently anchored to the surface. Exceptionally high spin‐lattice relaxivity, r₁, values of 17 s^?1 mM^?1, and low r₂/r₁ ratios of 3.3–3.8 were exhibited in the clinical MRI frequency range, irrespective of the molecule selected for nanoparticle stabilization. As a result the dispersions are excellent candidates for incorporation into multi‐functional assemblies or for use as positive contrast agent for MRI.     

Parallel Schwarz alternating methods for anisotropic diffusion of speckled medical images

This paper deals with ultrasound medical image processing, particularly to filter the noise while preserving the edges and structures of information. The mathematical processing consists in solving by a numerical way a nonlinear evolutive boundary value problem. Several numerical semi-implicit time marching schemes are considered and analyzed. At each time step, parallel synchronous or asynchronous Schwarz alternating methods are used to solve the linear system and its convergence is studied. Lastly, the results of sequential and parallel simulations are presented.      

激光三维成像体制综述

激光三维成像技术可广泛应用于情报侦察、精确制导、导航避障、目标识别、灾情评估和安全监测等军事和民用领域,是一项目前仍在迅猛发展的前沿技术。目前已经研制和开发出许多种技术体制的激光三维成像技术,各种不同体制的激光三维成像技术有着不同的原理、特点、适用场景和发展趋势。本文将对各种不同体制的激光三维成像技术进行总结,并对其原理和研究状况进行简介。