Effect of substituents of twisted benzodiperylenediimides on non-fullerene solar cells

Twisted benzodiperylenediimides (TBDPDI) with large rigid conjugated core and strong absorption is regarded as an excellent acceptor in non-fullerene solar cells. Since side chains of semiconductors play a crucial role in the solar cells, TBDPDI acceptors with different side chains (1-ethylpropyl, C5; 2-ethylhexyl, C8; 1-pentylhexyl, C11; 2-octyldodecyl, C20; 1-undecyldodecyl, C23) were synthesized. In solution, TBDPDI compounds (C5, C11, and C23) with alkyl chains branched at 1-position show significantly different absorption profiles and fluorescence intensity with those (C8 and C20) branched at 2-position, due to stronger aggregation of the latter. Nevertheless, alkyl chains have little effect on the molecular orbital energy levels and optical band gaps, as verified by cyclic voltammetry and solid state absorption. Due to their complementary absorption and matchable energy levels with donor of PCE10, these acceptors and PCE10 were used together to fabricate bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Because of inferior phase separation with large domain size around 100 nm and bulky insulated side chains, acceptors (C20 and C23) with long alkyl chains have the low electron mobility (μ_e) around 10⁻⁸ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and the low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells. TBDPDI (C11) with 1-pentylhexyl gives the highest PCE of 5.0% under the optimized condition, which is attributed to proper phase separation with domain size around 20 nm and highest μ_e of 10⁻⁶ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹.     

A novel liquid chromatography Orbitrap mass spectrometry method with full scan for simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents of Shenkang injection in rat tissues: Application to tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic studies

Shenkang injection is a traditional Chinese formula with good curative effect on chronic renal failure. In this paper, a novel, rapid and sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap high‐resolution accurate mass spectrometry was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of seven bioactive constituents of Shenkang injection in rat plasma and tissues after intravenous administration. Acetonitrile was used as a protein precipitation agent in biological samples disposal with carbamazepine as internal standard. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a C₁₈ column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid). The MS analysis was performed in the full‐scan positive and negative ion mode. The lower limits of quantification for the seven analytes in rat plasma and tissues were 0.1–10 ng/mL. The validated method was successfully applied to tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic studies of Shenkang injection after intravenous administration. The results of the tissue distribution study showed that the high concentrations of seven constituents were primarily in the kidney tract. This is the first report of the application of Q‐Orbitrap with full‐scan mass spectrometry in tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic studies of Shenkang injection.     

Direct Proof of Determinant Representation for Scalar Products of the XXZ Gaudin Model with Generic Non-Diagonal Boundary Terms

After constructing the Bethe state of the XXZ Gaudin model with generic non-diagonal boundary terms,we analyze the properties of this state and obtain the determinant representations of the scalar products for this XXZ Gaudin model.     

Delayed stability switches in singularly perturbed predator–prey models

In this paper we provide an elementary proof of the existence of canard solutions for a class of singularly perturbed planar systems in which there occurs a transcritical bifurcation of the quasi steady states. The proof uses the one-dimensional result proved by V.F. Butuzov, N.N. Nefedov and K.R. Schneider, and an appropriate monotonicity assumption on the vector field. The result is applied to identify all possible predator–prey models with quadratic vector fields allowing for the existence of canard solutions.     

Singly Periodic Solutions of the Allen-Cahn Equation and the Toda Lattice

The Allen-Cahn equation ? Δu = u ? u ³ in ?² has family of trivial singly periodic solutions that come from the one dimensional periodic solutions of the problem ?u″ =u ? u ³. In this paper we construct a non-trivial family of singly periodic solutions to the Allen-Cahn equation. Our construction relies on the connection between this equation and the infinite Toda lattice. We show that for each one-soliton solution to the infinite Toda lattice we can find a singly periodic solution to the Allen-Cahn equation, such that its level set is close to the scaled one-soliton. The solutions we construct are analogues of the family of Riemann minimal surfaces in ?³.     

高校毕业生就业预警变点统计方法研究

以教育部毕业生就业预警区域划分为指导,采用多元线性回归模型变点的统计方法,对高校毕业生一次就业率变点识别的关键问题进行了分析,结合某高校实际数据对本方法进行了检验和论证,定量明确了大学生就业相关影响因素。     

基于跨度和虚拟层的三维芯核测试外壳扫描链优化方法

为减少三维芯核绑定前和绑定后的测试时间,降低测试成本,提出了基于跨度和虚拟层的三维芯核测试外壳扫描链优化方法.所提方法首先通过最大化每条测试外壳扫描链的跨度,使得绑定前高层电路和低层电路的测试外壳扫描链数量尽可能相等.然后,在TSVs(Through Silicon Vias)数量的约束下,逐层的将虚拟层中的扫描元素分配到测试外壳扫描链中,以平衡绑定前后各条测试外壳扫描链的长度.实验结果表明,所提方法有效地减少了三维芯核绑定前后测试的总时间和硬件开销.     

NoC边界扫描测试系统硬件设计

为了解决内部结构日益复杂的片上网络系统故障测试的问题,在研究3×3 2D-Mesh体系结构的NoC系统、边界扫描测试技术和资源节点故障类型的基础上,以FPGA为核心器件设计边界扫描测试系统。完成了数据采集、频率计、放大器、SRAM、IEEE1500 Wrapper等资源节点电路以及资源节点边界扫描链路的接口电路设计,并利用测试软件、信号发生器、万用表和数字示波器,通过边界扫描链路完成对整个硬件设计的测试。测试结果表明该设计性能稳定,为研究NoC系统的边界扫描测试技术提供了硬件平台。