三维数据关联情况下外辐射源雷达多目标跟踪研究

不同于传统多目标跟踪,除了量测-目标数据关联模糊问题外,外辐射源雷达跟踪系统新增了量测-发射机数据关联模糊问题。针对此问题,该文通过引入一个新的关联变量来表示量测和发射机之间的数据关联关系,提出了目标-量测-发射机3维数据关联改进概率多假设跟踪(PMHT)算法。该算法利用期望极大化(EM)算法的独立性假设条件得到最大后验概率意义下的最优跟踪。为了增加目标-量测-发射机之间数据关联的准确性,提高多目标与量测后验关联概率的精确度,将量测信息设定为均值相同协方差不同的混合高斯分布。针对距离-多普勒量测的非线性性,利用无味卡尔曼平滑(UKS)算法进行多目标状态估计。仿真结果表明,对于FKIE外辐射源雷达数据集(杂波密度很高),所提算法的目标与航迹关联成功率高,抗杂波性能强,证明了算法的有效性。     

基于投影的运动目标跟踪研究

在运动目标跟踪方面,运动目标跟踪算法直接影响着运动目标跟踪的准确性和稳定性,现有的目标跟踪算法大多是基于特征或运动信息的,虽然能够完成对运动目标的可靠跟踪,但是需要处理的数据量大,运算复杂,很难达到实时跟踪的要求。本文首先阐述了跟踪算法中模板相关匹配算法的基本原理,然后跟踪系统的实际需求,详述了投影法快速定位目标跟踪的方法,并给出了投影算法跟踪的实验结果,该算法基本能满足跟踪系统中运算量小和实时性的要求。     

A practical design of digital watermarking for video streaming services

A practical design of digital watermarking for video streaming services is proposed in this research. The information of a legitimate recipient is represented as a watermark, which is embedded in the video stream to serve as a cue to trace the recipient in case a clone of the video is illegally distributed. The watermark signals are designed to embed in some areas of video frames to benefit the video stream server, as the result of only partial actions required, including decoding, processing and re-encoding. The invariance of feature points and the self-similarity of hidden signals are further exploited to enable watermark detection without involving the original video. The watermark can decently survive transcoding processes and geometrical modifications of frames. The experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed scheme in terms of watermark visibility, capacity and detection methodology.     

Spatio-temporal crowd density model in a human detection and tracking framework

Recently significant progress has been made in the field of person detection and tracking. However, crowded scenes remain particularly challenging and can deeply affect the results due to overlapping detections and dynamic occlusions. In this paper, we present a method to enhance human detection and tracking in crowded scenes. It is based on introducing additional information about crowds and integrating it into the state-of-the-art detector. This additional information cue consists of modeling time-varying dynamics of the crowd density using local features as an observation of a probabilistic function. It also involves a feature tracking step which allows excluding feature points attached to the background. This process is favorable for the later density estimation since the influence of features irrelevant to the underlying crowd density is removed. Our proposed approach applies a scene-adaptive dynamic parametrization using this crowd density measure. It also includes a self-adaptive learning of the human aspect ratio and perceived height in order to reduce false positive detections. The resulting improved detections are subsequently used to boost the efficiency of the tracking in a tracking-by-detection framework. Our proposed approach for person detection is evaluated on videos from different datasets, and the results demonstrate the advantages of incorporating crowd density and geometrical constraints into the detection process. Also, its impact on tracking results have been experimentally validated showing good results.     

Visual object tracking via online sparse instance learning

Sparse representation has been attracting much more attention in visual tracking. However most sparse representation based trackers only focus on how to model the target appearance and do not consider the learning of sparse representation when the training samples are imprecise, and hence may drift or fail in the challenging scene. In this paper, we present a novel online tracking algorithm. The tracker integrates the online multiple instance learning into the recent sparse representation scheme. For tracking, the integrated sparse representation combining texture, intensity and local spatial information is proposed to model the target. This representation takes both occlusion and appearance change into account. Then, an efficient online learning approach is proposed to select the most distinguishable features to separate the target from the background samples. In addition, the sparse representation is dynamically updated online with respect to the current context. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations on challenging benchmark video sequences demonstrate that the proposed tracking algorithm performs favorably against several state-of-the-art methods.     

Modeling spherical explosions with aluminized energetic materials

This paper deals with the numerical solution and validation of a reactive flow model dedicated to the study of spherical explosions with an aluminized energetic material. Situations related to air blast as well as underwater explosions are examined. Such situations involve multiscale phenomena associated with the detonation reaction zone, the aluminium reaction zone, the shock propagation distance and the bubble oscillation period. A detonation tracking method is developed in order to avoid the detonation structure computation. An ALE formulation is combined to the detonation tracking method in order to solve the material interface between detonation products and the environment as well as shock propagation. The model and the algorithm are then validated over a wide range of spherical explosions involving several types of explosives, both in air and liquid water environment. Large-scale experiments have been done in order to determine the blast wave effects with explosive compositions of variable aluminium content. In all situations the agreement between computed and experimental results is very good.     

利用模糊理论对单脉冲雷达天线副瓣的自动识别及跟踪

本文讨论了根据单脉冲雷达的特点及跟踪过程，运用模糊综合评判、模糊数据库、模糊控制的原理对单脉冲雷达系统的天线进行副瓣自动识别及跟踪的方法，经过仿地具试验初步验证该方法是可行的。     

光学PICK UP技术概要

光学ＰＩＣＫ ＵＰ是ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ驱动器的关键部件，它能够把光盘上的信息凹坑和非凹坑的长度和跳变沿转换成电信号，并产生聚集误差信号和道跟踪误差信号。文中简单介绍了光学ＰＩＣＫ ＵＰ的工作原理，结构和有关技术。     

雷达目标特性数据自动采集技术研究

本文讨论了一种用于雷达目标识别系统的雷达目标自动数据采集系统,该采集系统包括数据采集电路和目标检测跟踪电路,在系统软件的控制下,采集电路根据目标检测跟踪电路得到的目标空间位置信息在观测空域对需采样的目标进行开窗筛选、拾取目标视频回波数据。采集系统可以自动地对多个目标连续采集,形成带有数据标志的回波数据流,由此建立目标原始回波特性数据库供分析、处理、识别。     

DVD光学头伺服误差信号分析

本文对DVD光学头采用像散法提取聚焦伺服信号时慧差对探测器上光斑形状的影响进行了分析,重点讨论了聚 焦误差信号的分析和循迹误差信号的分析,并给出了相应的实验结果,指出了实际操作中聚焦伺服的离焦范围和光栅调整到 位与否的判断方法。