Metal Oxide Film Anodes in the Electrolysis of Water or Brine

Metal (M) oxide (M: Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru) together with MaO₂ and MnO₂ alone, were coated on SnO₂ films and the anode behavior was examined in 1.0 N H₂SO₄, 1.0 N NaOH and 1.0, N NaCl aqueous solutions at 25°. The results are compared with those of DSA and of metallic Pt.     

Fabrication of high performance thin films from metal fluorocomplex aqueous solution by the liquid phase deposition

The hetro-structured oxide thin films from metal fluorocomplex solution have been prepared by the liquid phase deposition (LPD) method. The Pt/Nb₂O₅ and Au/Nb₂O₅ composite films can be prepared from a mixed solution of niobium source, H₃BO₃, Pt(NH₃)₄Cl₂ and HAuCl₄ aqueous solutions under the ambient temperature and atmosphere. In the case of Au/SiO₂ composite film, (NH₄)₂SiF₆ solution is used as a mother solution. The Pt and Au ionic species are deposited in Nb₂O₅ and SiO₂ matrices. They are reduced to their metallic state after treatment above 200 °C. The size of dispersed particles can be controlled by heat treatment temperature. It is also clear that, gold nanoparticles are also found to interact with SiO₂, although the interaction is smaller than that with Nb₂O₅ showing the size of Au nanoparticles remain smaller in Nb₂O₅ that in SiO₂.     

Synthesis and thermal stability of silicon-containing esters of phosphorus acids

A number of trialkylsilylmethyl diphenyl phosphates MeRR′SiCH₂OP(O)(OPh)₂ (1a-e: R=Et (a), Pr (b), CF₃CH₂CH₂ (c, e), Me₃SiCH₂ (d); R′=Me (a-d), Et (e)) were synthesized and their thermal rearrangement, of the 1,2-shift type, was studied. The rearrangement consists of the migration of an alkyl group from Si atom to the methylene carbon atom and gives the corresponding silyl esters. The rate of the rearrangement was found to increase in the order1d<1b<1a<1 (R=R′=Me)<1c corresponding to the enhancement of the total inductive effect (−I) of the substituents at the Si atom. The relative migration ability of the substituents at the Si atom, determined by GC/MS analysis of the disiloxane fraction resulting from hydrolysis of pyrolyzed phosphates1a-e, increases in the order R=Pr<Et<CF₃CH₂CH₂<Me≪Me₃SiCH₂, which differs substantially from the order in which the rate of the rearrangement of phosphates1a-d changes. The electronegativity of the migrating group affects noticeably the relative ability to migrate. For Part 4, see Ref. 1. Deceased. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1767–1772, September, 1998.     

肾炎及肾衰患者血中金属元素含量的变化

用原子吸收法或极谱法测定了对例慢性肾炎病人（A组）和24例慢性肾衰病人(B组)及40名健康人（对照组，C组）全血中的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se、Pb和Ga含量。结果表明，A组与C组比较．血中Fe的含量A组明显低于C组（P＜0.05），Zn、Mn和Se的含量A组均非常明显低于C组（P＜0.01），Pb含量A组非常明显高于C组（P＜0．01），Cu和Ca含量两组间均无明显差异（P＞0.05）；B组与C组比较，Fe含量B组明显低于C组（P＜0.06），Se含量则B组明显高于C组（P＜0.05）；Zn、Mn、Cu、Ga含量B组均非常明显低于C组（P＜0.01），而Pb含量则B组非常明显高于C组（P＜0．01）。     

低温加氢催化剂的设计: 理论与实践

简要总结了我们在C=C及C=O双键低温加氢双金属催化剂方面的最新研究成果. 首先, 我们以环己烯加氢为探针反应, 证明了平行使用多种研究手段的重要性, 包括单晶表面的基础研究与DFT计算, 多晶表面的合成与表征, 负载型催化剂的制备与性能测试等. 其次, 总结了双金属催化剂在其他加氢反应, 如丙烯醛C=O双键的选择性加氢, 苯的低温加氢, 以及乙炔的选择性加氢等反应中的应用. 最后, 讨论了利用金属碳化物代替贵金属Pt以减少双金属催化剂中Pt用量的可能性.     

Ce(III)在辣根体中的迁移

应用放射性同位素示踪法, 即结合放射自显影和液体闪烁器检测及电镜放射自显影技术, 首次定性、定量地研究Ce(III)离子在辣根植物中的迁移. 结果表明: (1) Ce(III)离子能被辣根植物吸收并随时间发生迁移; (2)电镜放射自显影结果显示, Ce(III)离子迁移是通过质外体至共质体进入细胞的. Ce(III)离子在辣根植物体中的行为, 为稀土离子植物环境效应机理及辣根植物安全防护提供借鉴.     

双8-羟基喹啉端开链冠醚金属络合物的光物理性质

设计合成了双8-羟基喹啉端的开链冠醚QP3Q,研究了金属离子铝或锌与其形成络合物的组成和发光性质,并测定了络合物的激发态寿命.这些络合物在溶液中有较高的荧光量子产率,所得到的络合物固体具有较强的蓝光发光性能.结果表明,有可能通过QP3Q与不同离子形成的络合物得到不同发光波长的发光材料.     

Thermochemistry of adducts of some bivalent transition metal bromides with 4-chloroaniline

The compounds [MBr₂(p-clan)₂] (where M is Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Zn(II); p-clan = 4-chloroaniline) were synthesized and characterized by melting points, elemental analysis, thermal analysis and electronic and IR spectroscopy. The enthalpies of solution of the adducts, metal(II) bromides and 4-chloroaniline in methanol, 1.2 M aqueous HCl or 25% (v/v) 1.2 M aqueous HCl in methanol were measures and by using thermochemical cycles, the following thermochemical parameters for the adducts have been determined: the standard enthalpies for the Lewis acid/base reactions (Δ_rH°), the standard enthalpies of formation (Δ_fH°), the standard enthalpies of decomposition (Δ_DH°), the lattice standard enthalpies (Δ_MH°) and the standard enthalpies of the Lewis acid/base reactions in the gaseous phase (Δ_rH°(g)). The mean bond dissociation enthalpies of the metal(II)-nitrogen coordinated bonds and the enthalpies of adduct formation in the gaseous phase have been estimated.     

Speciation of chromium in waste waters by coupled column ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An application of coupled column ion chromatography (IC)-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented for speciation of chromium in waste waters. By coupling an anion column with a cation column, both the cationic Cr(III) and anionic Cr(VI) species can be analyzed with detection limits below 0.5 μg/1. The separation of the interfering ions (chloride, chlorate, perchlorate, sulphate, sulphite, sulphide, thiosulphate, carbonate, cyanide and some organic compounds) from the chromium peaks is discussed, and the use of different chromium isotopes for data acquisition is compared. Based on the results, m/z 52 was considered as an ideal isotope for speciation of chromium in waste waters by the coupled column IC-ICP-MS, because it did not suffer from polyatomic interferences and due to the high sensitivity for chromium. The analysis of the waste water samples should be performed as soon as possible after sampling according to the stability tests of the species.     

K3MnH5, das erste salzartige Manganhydrid

K₃MnH₅, the First Salt-like Manganese Hydride K₃MnH₅ and K₃MnD₅ were synthesized by the reaction of potassium hydride (deuteride) with manganese powder under a hydrogen pressure above 3000 bar at 875 K. X-ray investigations on powdered samples and elastic neutron diffraction experiments on the deuterated compound at the time-of-flight spectrometer LAD in the temperature range 5–600 K led to the complete structure determination. The atomic arrangement is isotypic with that of Cs₃[CoCl₄]Cl (space group: 14/mcm, Z = 4). The structure of K₃MnH₅ contains isolated [MnH₄]^2?-tetrahedra and additional hydrogen ions which are exclusively coordinated by potassium cations. The magnetic susceptibilities show Curie-Weiss behaviour. At temperatures below 50 K there are obviously antiferromagnetic interactions.