Synthesis,and characterization of some Cu(I) complexes having propionitrile and pyridine moieties: An investigation on their antibacterial properties

The aim of producing new biologically active compounds lead to the synthesis of some Cu(I) complexes of general formula [Cu(C₂H₅CN)₄][A] and [Cu(C₅H₅N)₄][A] (1–4) {where A: counter anion = B(C₆F₅)₄⁻ and B{C₆H₃(m-CF₃)₂}₄⁻} from the reaction of CuCl and silver salt of the corresponding counter anion. The complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, ¹¹B NMR, FT-IR Spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activities of all complexes are evaluated by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), using the micro-broth dilution method, against eight bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive), each with fresh clinical isolates. The MIC results were compared with those of Oxytetracycline agent as a positive control. In most cases, the compounds show broad-spectrum activities that were either, more active, or equipotent to, the antibiotic agent in the comparison tests. Complex 4 showed the greatest activity against Proteus mirabilis (Gram- negative) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 µg/mL, while complexes 2 and 3 showed the lowest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative) and against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) with a concentration of 512 µg/mL.     

一种改进的MIC的角点提取方法

针对基于多格算法的MIC角点检测方法易混淆边缘点和角点、遗漏角点及角点定位不够精确等缺点,在采用高分辨率的图像后,对低分辨率图像中的候选角点周围的2×2的像素点进行进一步计算,明显地减少了原算法由低分辨率到高分辨率的变化过程中角点的漏检和虚报的概率,同时用梯度的概念进行自适应插值,通过它对角点的候选点作进一步的筛选.测试结果表明提出的方法比改进前的MIC多格算法具有更好的效果.     

DFT studies,Hirshfeld surface analysis and crystal structure of novel silver complex of sulfapyridine with secondary ligand pyridine

Silver complex of sulfapyridine has been synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and PL. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction technique. Silver complex of sulfapyridine with secondary ligand pyridine crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2₁/n with lattice parameter: a = 17.8075(4)Å, b = 10.7885(3)Å, c = 17.8075(4)Å, β = 94.12(1)Å and Z = 4. To study the nature of intermolecular interactions and their quantitative contributions towards the crystal packing, Hirshfeld surfaces and accordingly the fingerprint plot analysis have been performed. Molecular properties such as NBO analysis, Homo-Lumo energy calculation have been carried out by DFT method. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of silver complex of sulfapyridine and free ligand is studied by the dilution method.     

Solvent-Free Synthesis,In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Novel Potential 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Based Molecules against Microbial Pathogens

A new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles was synthesized by the reaction of methyl 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazine-1-carbodithioate (2) with selected derivatives of hydrazonoyl halide by grinding method at room temperature. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized derivatives were resolved from correct spectral and microanalytical data. Moreover, all synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities using Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. However, compounds 3 and 5 showed significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms. The other prepared compounds exhibited either only antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria like compounds 4 and 6, or only antifungal activity like compound 7. A molecular docking study of the compounds was performed against two important microbial enzymes: tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and N-myristoyl transferase (Nmt). The tested compounds showed variety in binding poses and interactions. However, compound 3 showed the best interactions in terms of number of hydrogen bonds, and the lowest affinity binding energy (−8.4 and −9.1 kcal/mol, respectively). From the in vitro and in silico studies, compound 3 is a good candidate for the next steps of the drug development process as an antimicrobial drug.     

Evaluation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents,Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Hungarian Propolis Ethanolic Extract against Staphylococcus aureus

Propolis is a natural bee product that is widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on methicillin-resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA). Propolis samples were collected from six regions in Hungary. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values and the interaction of EEP-antibiotics were evaluated by the broth microdilution and the chequerboard broth microdilution methods, respectively. The effect of EEP on biofilm formation and eradication was estimated by crystal violet assay. Resazurin/propidium iodide dyes were applied for simultaneous quantification of cellular metabolic activities and dead cells in mature biofilms. The EEP1 sample showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. The EEP1 successfully prevented the growth of planktonic cells of S. aureus (MIC value = 50 µg/mL). Synergistic interactions were shown after the co-exposition to EEP1 and vancomycin at 10⁸ CFU/mL. The EEP1 effectively inhibited the biofilm formation and caused significant degradation of mature biofilms (50–200 µg/mL), as a consequence of the considerable decrement of metabolic activity. The EEP acts effectively as an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent on S. aureus. Moreover, the simultaneous application of EEP and vancomycin could enhance their effect against MRSA infection.     

基于AlGaN/GaN HEMT的C波段功率放大器混合集成电路的设计

我们设计研制了一个基于Al GaN/GaN HEMT大功率放大器的混合集成电路.这个电路包含了1个10×120μm的HEMT晶体管,以及输入和输出匹配电路.在偏置条件为Vds=40 V,Ids=0.26 A时,输出连续波饱和功率在5.4 GHz达到37 dBm(5 W),最大的PAE为35.6%.在偏置条件为Vds=30 V,Ids=0.22 A时输出连续波饱和功率在5.4 GHz达到36.4dBm(4.4 W),最大的PAE为42.7%.     

Potential Efficacy of β-Amyrin Targeting Mycobacterial Universal Stress Protein by In Vitro and In Silico Approach

The emergence of drug resistance and the limited number of approved antitubercular drugs prompted identification and development of new antitubercular compounds to cure Tuberculosis (TB). In this work, an attempt was made to identify potential natural compounds that target mycobacterial proteins. Three plant extracts (A. aspera, C. gigantea and C. procera) were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial part of A. aspera and the flower ash of C. gigantea were found to be effective against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis of the plant fractions confirmed the presence of active compounds in the extracts. The Mycobacterium target proteins, i.e., available PDB dataset proteins and proteins classified in virulence, detoxification, and adaptation, were investigated. A total of ten target proteins were shortlisted for further study, identified as follows: BpoC, RipA, MazF4, RipD, TB15.3, VapC15, VapC20, VapC21, TB31.7, and MazF9. Molecular docking studies showed that β-amyrin interacted with most of these proteins and its highest binding affinity was observed with Mycobacterium Rv1636 (TB15.3) protein. The stability of the protein-ligand complex was assessed by molecular dynamic simulation, which confirmed that β-amyrin most firmly interacted with Rv1636 protein. Rv1636 is a universal stress protein, which regulates Mycobacterium growth in different stress conditions and, thus, targeting Rv1636 makes M. tuberculosis vulnerable to host-derived stress conditions.     

微波氧燃烧样品前处理法在元素分析中的应用

微波氧燃烧法是近年来兴起的一种微波辅助绿色样品前处理方法。微波氧燃烧反应器结构和应用程序有助于燃烧完全和提高元素回收率。在引燃剂存在的条件下,样品与氧气在微波辐射下迅速发生燃烧反应,反应完毕后待测元素被吸收液回流吸收。吸收液可通过各种元素分析仪器(如AAS,ICP-OES,ICPMS,IC等)很好地检测出元素的种类、含量和价态等。该法适用样品范围广泛、绿色环保、反应时间短、反应后样品残留碳极低且元素的回收率高,可在很大程度上降低挥发性元素的损失。文中介绍了微波氧燃烧的基本原理、反应装置、引燃剂和吸收液、样品制备以及其在食品、生物、聚合物、地质、煤、原油以及碳材料等样品前处理的应用进展及前景,旨在对今后的研究提供更加有效的参考价值和意义。     

Mononuclear dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with the quinolones enrofloxacin and sparfloxacin: Synthesis,structure, antibacterial activity and interaction with DNA

The neutral mononuclear dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of the quinolone antibacterial agents enrofloxacin and sparfloxacin have been prepared and characterized with physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. In these complexes, enrofloxacin and sparfloxacin act as bidentate deprotonated ligands bound to the metal through the pyridone oxygen and one carboxylate oxygen. The central molybdenum atoms are six-coordinate with slightly distorted octahedral geometry. The lowest energy model structure of each complex has been proposed with molecular modeling calculations. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes has been tested on three different microorganisms. The investigation of the interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA has been performed with diverse spectroscopic techniques.     

Solution-based metal induced crystallization of a-Si

This paper investigates a simplified metal induced crystallization (MIC) of a-Si, named solution-based MIC (S-MIC). The nickel inducing source was formed on a-Si from salt solution dissolved in de-ionized water or ethanol. a-Si thin film was deposited with low pressure chemical vapour deposition or plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition as precursor material for MIC. It finds that the content of nickel source formed on a-Si can be controlled by solution concentration and dipping time. The dependence of crystallization rate of a-Si on annealing time illustrated that the linear density of nickel source was another critical factor that affects the crystallization of a-Si, besides the diffusion of nickel disilicide. The highest electron Hall mobility of thus prepared S-MIC poly-Si is 45.6cm²/(V.s). By using this S-MIC poly-Si, thin film transistors and display scan drivers were made, and their characteristics are presented.