3G移动可视电话系统测试方案设计

本文主要设计了开发3G移动可视电话系统过程中,在VT系统设计完成后脱离其它软件模块进行有效测试的几套方案。首先介绍了具有独创性的针对CommDevice的Loopback方案的基本编程思路与部分程序代码,对COITI-H0耐ce以外的模块进行陕速检测;第二套利用简单便捷的VIVA手机＋MD8470A的Loopback方案对手机整体效果进行初步检测;第三套通过VIVA手机到DNA的测试方案复杂但精确性高。本文中设计的各套方案各有优劣,具有可调性高,测试效果好的特点,合理使用各种测试方案,对于提高可视电话开发速度和产品质量都有很大帮助。     

Synthesis and Systematic Study on the Effect of Different PEG Units on Stability of PEGylated,Integrin-αvβ6-Specific A20FMDV2 Analogues in Rat Serum and Human Plasma

A20FMDV2 is a 20-mer peptide that exhibits high selectivity and affinity for the tumour-related αvβ6 integrin that can compete with extracellular ligands for the crucial RGD binding site, playing a role as a promising αvβ6-specific inhibitor for anti-cancer therapies. Unfortunately, the clinical value of A20FMDV2 is limited by its poor half-life in blood caused by rapid renal excretion and its reported high susceptibility to serum proteases. The incorporation of poly (ethylene glycol) chains, coined PEGylation, is a well-established approach to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of drug molecules. Here, we report a systematic study on the incorporation of a varying number of ethylene glycol units (1–20) into the A20FMDV2 peptide to establish the effects of PEGylation size on the peptide stability in both rat serum and human plasma. In addition, the effect of acetyl and propionyl PEGylation handles on peptide stability is also described. Selected peptide analogues were assessed for integrin-αvβ6-targeted binding, showing good specificity and activity in vitro. Stability studies in rat serum established that all of the PEGylated peptides displayed good stability, and an A20FMDV2 peptide containing twenty ethylene glycol units (PEG₂₀) was the most stable. Surprisingly, the stability testing in human plasma identified shorter PEGs (PEG₂ and PEG₅) as more resistant to degradation than longer PEGs, a trend which was also observed with affinity binding to integrin αvβ6.     

一种基于FPGA的调制指数可调的数字化调频方案

该方案实际上是一个输出频率受控的直接数字频率合成(DDS)系统。通过A/D转换器件将调制信号转换成数字信号,用该数字信号控制DDS的频率控制字,形成输出频率受模拟信号控制的正弦波,从而实现了调频。通过在A/D转换值后补零的方法,可控制调频波的调制指数。系统由FPGA实现。EDA软件Max PlusⅡ的仿真和系统的实际输出波形都表明该数字化调频系统的调制指数可在很大范围内变化。     

多路高压放大器输出直流电压监测与显示系统设计

在自适应光学系统中,自适应控制器AD输出控制信号需要通过高压放大器放大成高压电驱动压电陶瓷变形镜,从而实现波前实时校正.在实际系统中,往往需要对高压放大器输出电压进行实时监测.本系统采用小体积单片机C8051F310作为控制器,采用专用电表芯片CS5460A作为核心测量芯片,实现了单板对20路0～500 V直流电压的实时监测与显示,线性度优于0.2％.     

Trichoderma Enzymes for Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A

The contamination of agricultural products with mycotoxins causes risks to animal and human health and severe economic losses. Mycotoxicoses can be reduced by preventing fungal infection using chemical and biological approaches. The chemical strategies can release toxic molecules; therefore, strategies for biological control are being evaluated, such as using nontoxic fungi and their metabolites. This work evaluated the effect of exoenzymes produced by the beneficial fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum strain T22 in degrading Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA). The ability of Trichoderma to produce hydrolases was stimulated by using different inducing substrates. The highest AFB1 and OTA degradation activity was obtained using a medium containing lyophilized mushrooms and crude fiber. The T. afroharzianum T22’s ability to reduce mycotoxins may be attributed to peroxidase enzymes. This study showed that T. afroharzianum strain T22 or its peroxidase supplementation could represent a sustainable strategy for the degradation of AFB1 and OTA in feed and food products.     

Ultrastructural Damages to H1N1 Influenza Virus Caused by Vapor Essential Oils

Influenza viruses are transmitted from human to human via airborne droplets and can be transferred through contaminated environmental surfaces. Some works have demonstrated the efficacy of essential oils (EOs) as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, but most of them examined the liquid phases, which are generally toxic for oral applications. In our study, we describe the antiviral activity of Citrus bergamia, Melaleuca alternifolia, Illicium verum and Eucalyptus globulus vapor EOs against influenza virus type A. In the vapor phase, C. bergamia and M. alternifolia strongly reduced viral cytopathic effect without exerting any cytotoxicity. The E. globulus vapor EO reduced viral infection by 78% with no cytotoxicity, while I. verum was not effective. Furthermore, we characterized the EOs and their vapor phase by the head-space gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique, observing that the major component found in each liquid EO is the same one of the corresponding vapor phases, with the exception of M. alternifolia. To deepen the mechanism of action, the morphological integrity of virus particles was checked by negative staining transmission electron microscopy, showing that they interfere with the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope, leading to the decomposition of membranes. We speculated that the most abundant components of the vapor EOs might directly interfere with influenza virus envelope structures or mask viral structures important for early steps of viral infection.     

Drugs Targeting the A3 Adenosine Receptor: Human Clinical Study Data

The A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is overexpressed in pathological human cells. Piclidenoson and namodenoson are A3AR agonists with high affinity and selectivity to A3AR. Both induce apoptosis of cancer and inflammatory cells via a molecular mechanism entailing deregulation of the Wnt and the NF-κB signaling pathways. Our company conducted phase I studies showing the safety of these 2 molecules. In the phase II studies in psoriasis patients, piclidenoson was safe and demonstrated efficacy manifested in significant improvements in skin lesions. Namodenoson is currently being developed to treat liver cancer, where prolonged overall survival was observed in patients with advanced liver disease and a Child–Pugh B score of 7. A pivotal phase III study in this patient population has been approved by the FDA and the EMA and is currently underway. Namodenoson is also being developed to treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A Phase IIa study has been successfully concluded and showed that namodenoson has anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and anti-steatosis effects. A phase IIb study in NASH is currently enrolling patients. In conclusion, A3AR agonists are promising drug candidates in advanced stages of clinical development and demonstrate safety and efficacy in their targeted indications.     

In Silico Drug Repurposing of FDA-Approved Drugs Highlighting Promacta as a Potential Inhibitor of H7N9 Influenza Virus

Influenza virus infections continue to be a significant and recurrent public health problem. Although vaccine efficacy varies, regular immunisation is the most effective method for suppressing the influenza virus. Antiviral drugs are available for influenza, although two of the four FDA-approved antiviral treatments have resulted in significant drug resistance. Therefore, new treatments are being sought to reduce the burden of flu-related illness. The time-consuming development of treatments for new and re-emerging diseases such as influenza and the high failure rate are increasing concerns. In this context, we used an in silico-based drug repurposing method to repurpose FDA-approved drugs as potential therapies against the H7N9 virus. To find potential inhibitors, a total of 2568 drugs were screened. Promacta, tucatinib, and lurasidone were identified as promising hits in the DrugBank database. According to the calculations of MM-GBSA, tucatinib (−54.11 kcal/mol) and Promacta (−56.20 kcal/mol) occupied the active site of neuraminidase with a higher binding affinity than the standard drug peramivir (−49.09 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies showed that the C-α atom backbones of the complexes of tucatinib and Promacta neuraminidase were stable throughout the simulation period. According to ADME analysis, the hit compounds have a high gastrointestinal absorption (GI) and do not exhibit properties that allow them to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). According to the in silico toxicity prediction, Promacta is not cardiotoxic, while lurasidone and tucatinib show only weak inhibition. Therefore, we propose to test these compounds experimentally against the influenza H7N9 virus. The investigation and validation of these potential H7N9 inhibitors would be beneficial in order to bring these compounds into clinical settings.     

“东方经济”与中国乡村工业化的社会学机制—重访史国衡的个旧矿城研究

本文对“魁阁”社会学家史国衡1940年代在美访学期间的一部未刊稿《个旧矿城》进行了梳理与讨论。史国衡的个旧研究呈现了一个将产业、民情与治理相结合的综合进路,通过对个旧锡业兴衰的个案分析,揭示了传统“东方经济”模式的独特特征以及决定中国乡村工业化成败的社会学机制,同时也以个旧经验对现代化理论、人际关系学派等当时美国社会科学主流范式提出了反思。《个旧矿城》与另一部更为人所熟知的著作《昆厂劳工》共同构成了史国衡关于中国工业化研究的姊妹篇,“工业化的社会基础”是其中一以贯之的核心线索。对史国衡个旧矿城研究的“再发现”,有助于我们重新认识中国早期社会学的工业研究传统,同时也提示我们,当下的乡村工业化乃至乡村振兴仍然需要重视产业的社会基础,处理好经济转型与社会重组之间的辩证关系。