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141.
J. Jayapandian 《Applied Surface Science》2008,255(1):104-107
Automation of positron beam experiment with a single chip embedded design using a programmable system on chip (PSoC) which provides easy interfacing of the high-voltage DC power supply is reported. Virtual Instrument (VI) control program written in Visual Basic 6.0 ensures the following functions (i) adjusting of sample high voltage by interacting with the programmed PSoC hardware, (ii) control of personal computer (PC) based multi channel analyzer (MCA) card for energy spectroscopy, (iii) analysis of the obtained spectrum to extract the relevant line shape parameters, (iv) plotting of relevant parameters and (v) saving the file in the appropriate format. The present study highlights the hardware features of the PSoC hardware module as well as the control of MCA and other units through programming in Visual Basic. 相似文献
142.
Our understanding of interfacial phenomena at the surfaces of critical systems, and in particular at the surfaces of critical binary liquid mixtures, has improved significantly in the past decade. There is now substantial agreement between theory and experiment. In this paper we review recent experimental progress, provide a conceptual framework within which the majority of these experiments can now be understood, and discuss critically any remaining unresolved discrepancies between experiments or with theory. 相似文献
143.
Yves Van Ingelgem Els Tourwé Orlin Blajiev Rik Pintelon Annick Hubin 《Electroanalysis》2009,21(6):730-739
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique to study electrochemical processes and to perform screening tasks. Recently an integrated measuring and modeling methodology for EIS based on a multisine excitation signal was developed. A key issue in this methodology is the data analysis, allowing us to rapidly quantify the reliability of the measured data. In this paper, a comparison is made between classical single‐sine and the proposed multisine measurements on the same system. The fitting of the impedance data obtained by single‐or multisine excitation and using different weighting factors is also discussed. In addition to the advantages reported in earlier work, it is concluded that, of all investigated frequencies, the odd random phase multisine excitation yields the highest quality data in the shortest measurement time. 相似文献
144.
Anna de Mier 《Discrete Mathematics》2005,301(1):57-65
We prove that if a graph H has the same Tutte polynomial as the line graph of a d-regular, d-edge-connected graph, then H is the line graph of a d-regular graph. Using this result, we prove that the line graph of a regular complete t-partite graph is uniquely determined by its Tutte polynomial. We prove the same result for the line graph of any complete bipartite graph. 相似文献
145.
数字回音抵消器的选择与使用是提高长信网络及移动通信网络通话质量的关键.介绍了数字回音抵消器的最新选择方法与评判准则,为即将购买或更新回音抵消器的用户或网络运营商提供了有益的参考. 相似文献
146.
Outdoor propagation from roads is influenced by wind, temperature and humidity. It is necessary to predict wind effects to simulate long-term environmental noise accurately. Noise levels have been measured in conjunction with wind speed and wind direction measurements. These noise levels showed noticeable daily changes. Excess attenuations of noise levels were found to depend on the vector wind (Uvec). By relating the vector wind and observed sound attenuations under all wind conditions, the influence of wind can be more accurately predicted for purposes of simulating noise propagation. 相似文献
147.
We study noise-induced front propagation in a bistable system of the activator–inhibitor type. By varying the intensity of the multiplicative noise, the velocity of the front exhibits a transition to a bistable regime, where the actual velocity and direction of front motion depends mainly on the (random) initial conditions. 相似文献
148.
David P. Kratz 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2008,109(6):1060-1080
Over the last quarter century, improvements in the determination of the spectroscopic characteristics of the infrared-active trace species have enhanced our ability to retrieve quantitative distributions of temperatures, clouds, and abundances for various trace species within the Earth's atmosphere. These improvements have also allowed for refinements in the estimates of climatic effects attributed to changes in the Earth's atmospheric composition. Modeling efforts, however, have frequently experienced significant delays in assimilating improved spectroscopic information. Such is the case for highly parameterized models, where considerable effort is typically required to incorporate any revisions. Thus, a line-by-line radiative transfer model has been used to investigate the magnitude of the effects resulting from modifications to the spectroscopic information. Calculations from this line-by-line model have demonstrated that recent modifications to the HITRAN (High Resolution Transmission) line parameters, the continuum formulation, and the CO2 line-mixing formulation can significantly affect the interpretation of the high spectral resolution radiance and brightness temperature retrievals. For certain moderate-resolution satellite remote sensing channels, modifications to these spectroscopic parameters and formulations have shown the capacity to induce changes in the calculated radiances equivalent to brightness temperature differences of 1-2 K. Model calculations have further shown that modifications of the spectroscopic characteristics tend to have a modest effect on the determination of spectrally integrated radiances, fluxes, and radiative forcing estimates, with the largest differences being of order 1 W m−2 for the total thermal infrared fluxes, and of order 2-3% of the calculated radiative forcing at the tropopause attributed to the combined doubling of CO2, N2O, and CH4. The results from this investigation are intended to function as a guide to differentiate between cases where older parameterizations provide acceptable results, within specified accuracy bounds, and cases where upgrades to the latest spectroscopic database are necessary. 相似文献
149.
We present a theoretical analysis of the noise performance of phase measuring feedback interferometers. We first analyse the operation of this kind of instrument and note that under certain circumstances bistability can occur. The bistable region should be avoided if possible when using feedback interferometry for high-accuracy measurement with low-input powers, as it can give rise to very high-noise levels. We then go on to investigate the effects of shot noise (on the interferometer output signal) and thermal noise (in the feedback loop), and relate these to the phase measurement accuracy of the interferometer. A ‘best-case’ calculation indicates that phase noise of about 0.005λ is possible at input powers in the nanowatt region. In practice, we expect that noise levels will be higher than predicted (particularly at high-input powers) due to the effects of vibration and air turbulence. 相似文献
150.
In many practical optimization problems, evaluation of a solution is subject to noise, e.g., due to stochastic simulations
or measuring errors. Therefore, heuristics are needed that are capable of handling such noise. This paper first reviews the
state-of-the-art in applying simulated annealing to noisy optimization problems. Then, two new algorithmic variants are proposed:
an improved version of stochastic annealing that allows for arbitrary annealing schedules, and a new approach called simulated annealing in noisy environments (SANE). The latter integrates ideas from statistical sequential selection in order to reduce the number of samples required
for making an acceptance decision with sufficient statistical confidence. Finally, SANE is shown to significantly outperform
other state-of-the-art simulated annealing techniques on a stochastic travelling salesperson problem. 相似文献