基于Ce∶YAG晶体的掺Ce光纤拉制技术

基于管棒法(Rod-in-Tube)技术,以Ce∶YAG晶体作为芯棒,纯石英玻璃管作为套管,利用石墨炉、拉丝塔拉制了掺铈(Ce)光纤.通过X射线能谱(EDX)分析拉制而成的光纤,得到光纤的纤芯变为玻璃材料,而不再是晶体状态,这表明光纤拉制过程中芯棒与套管之间存在扩散现象.光纤在314nm光泵浦的情况下,产生约67nm (FWHM)光谱宽度的荧光辐射.     

超快激光成丝产生太赫兹波的研究

研究了超快激光脉冲成丝辐射太赫兹(Terahertz, THz)波.考虑到THz 波在安全检查和国防建设等方面具有十分重要的意义, 文中总结了超快激光成丝产生太赫兹波的物理机制和控制技术, 并对各种相关理论和技术进行了分析.文章从理论模型、偏振特性和远场角分布情况等方面来介绍物理机制, 并探讨为满足应用需求的控制技术, 主要包括强度、偏振和波形控制.研究表明, 超快激光成丝辐射太赫兹波的产生方式、理论模型和控制形式均有多种, 其中理论模型主要包括四波混频模型和光电流模型, 强度控制技术主要包括双色场泵浦和在光丝通道两侧施加偏压.     

基于调制边带法的高次倍频光毫米波产生

提出了利用外调制技术的调制边带法的六倍频和八倍频光毫米波产生方案。方案仅采用一个马赫曾德尔调制器,并利用其非线性传输特性,通过调节MZM 的偏置电压和调制电压,控制边带的强度,仅保留三阶边带或四阶边带,从而实现六倍频及八倍频光毫米波的产生。采用将基带数据信号仅调制在一个三阶边带或四阶边带分量的方式,有效防止走离。数值分析结果表明,提出的方案仅需10 GHz 及7.5 GHz 的调制信号频率就能得到60 GHz 毫米波,大大减小了调制信号频率,增加了上变频系数,传输距离可达160 km,而功率代价变化不大。与提出的其他高倍频技术相比,由于系统仅采用一个马赫曾德尔调制器,提出的方案系统结构更为简单,且此方案色散影响较小,传输距离更长。     

Flexible and Highly Sensitive Strain Sensors Fabricated by Pencil Drawn for Wearable Monitor

Functional electrical devices have promising potentials in structural health monitoring system, human‐friendly wearable interactive system, smart robotics, and even future multifunctional intelligent room. Here, a low‐cost fabrication strategy to efficiently construct highly sensitive graphite‐based strain sensors by pencil‐trace drawn on flexible printing papers is reported. The strain sensors can be operated at only two batteries voltage of 3 V, and can be applied to variously monitoring microstructural changes and human motions with fast response/relaxation times of 110 ms, a high gauge factor (GF) of 536.6, and high stability >10 000 bending–unbending cycles. Through investigation of service behaviors of the sensors, it is found that the microcracks occur on the surface of the pencil‐trace and have a major influence on the functions of the strain sensors. These performances of the strain sensor attain and even surpass the properties of recent strain sensing devices with subtle design of materials and device architectures. The pen‐on‐paper (PoP) approach may further develop portable, environmentally friendly, and economical lab‐on‐paper applications and offer a valuable method to fabricate other multifunctional devices.     

非合作区域星载遥感图像的车辆目标检测

针对非合作区域遥感图像中复杂背景下车辆目标检 测困难的问题, 提出一种改进形态学重建的车辆目标检测方法。首先,利用遥感图像的近红外和红色波段的 信息,获取场 景的归一化植被指数(NDVI),去除植被背景的干扰;其次,设计方向模板, 对全色图像进行滤波,使人 造物背景得以完整保留,并生成标记图像,利用标记图像重建得到人造物背景;最后,利用 原图和重建背 景之间的差异,进行车辆检测,有效消除了复杂背景的干扰。将本文提出的方法应用于实际 遥感图像的车 辆目标检测,结果表明,检测效果好,鲁棒性强,无需先验信息,可用于大幅面遥感 图像的车辆目标自动提取。     

利用串联双滤波技术改善声光滤波器光谱分辨率的实验研究

考虑旋光性设计 制作了两个非共线型声光可调滤波器(AOTF),通过前后放置对信号光进行两次的级联滤 波。 调节前后两个AOTF所加的超声频率值, 保证前后两个AOTF存在透射光谱的叠加区,从而实现光谱分辨率的提升及调控。实 验结果表明,双滤波技术还可以有效抑制AOTF透射光谱的旁瓣效应,改善透射光 谱的纯度。     

基于单一相位模板的带状光纤上多波长阵列光纤光栅刻写工艺研究

设计了一种带状光纤上阵列光纤光栅刻写系统,仅利用一块相位掩模板,即实现8芯带纤上阵列光纤布拉格光栅的刻写.使用自行设计的带纤夹具夹持带纤,电控位移平台对带纤整体施加拉伸力,采用相位掩模工艺对光纤逐根曝光,并同时以扫描写入的方法进行汉明切趾.刻栅过程由电脑编程控制,中心波长、波长间隔以及切趾方式可以灵活调整.测试结果表明,刻写完成的阵列光纤布拉格光栅3 dB带宽为0.2 nm、波长间隔为0.5 nm、波长偏差小于±50 pm、反射率达到80％～85％.     

Identification of reducing and nonreducing neutral carbohydrates by laser‐enhanced in‐source decay (LEISD) MALDI MS

In this work, laser‐enhanced in‐source decay (LEISD) technique of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS) was used to distinguish reducing and nonreducing carbohydrates. Interestingly, easier cleavage of (1 → 2)‐linked glycosidic bonds for nonreducing carbohydrates containing D‐fructofuranosyl units was observed in MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS, which was in agreement with the result of theoretical calculation by the software package Gaussian 09. Importantly, no cross‐ring cleavage of fructofuranosyl residues was detected in the LEISD spectra of nonreducing carbohydrates. LEISD method therefore offers an attractive alternative for fast and efficient differentiation of reducing and nonreducing carbohydrates, and the positions of nonreducing monosaccharide residues in a carbohydrate chain could be easily speculated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Use of neutral capillaries for the enantioseparation of N‐benzoylated amino acids by capillary electrophoresis with bromobalhimycin as chiral selector

In this study, the partial filling technique on both polycationic polymer hexadimethrine bromide (HDB) modified capillary and eCAP neutral capillary were systematically compared in order to enhance the enantioseparation ability of bromobalhimycin as CE additive. The separation conditions, such as pH, the plug length, and the concentration of bromobalhimycin, etc., were optimized in order to obtain satisfactory separations. As expected, for all tested 28 N‐benzoylated amino acids, up to five times higher enantioresolutions were obtained on the eCAP neutral capillary compared to that on the polycationic polymer hexadimethrine bromide modified capillary. Moreover, 26 of 28 tested racemic compounds were almost baseline‐ resolved without observing any interference from the front of the plug of bromobalhimycin. Although the limitation of longer running time on the neutral capillary, it allows the use of higher content of bromobalhimycin in the running buffer without any interference on the detection of analytes when enantioseparations are more difficult to obtain.     

Study of the Molecular Mobility in Polymers with the Thermally Stimulated Recovery Technique—A Review

Thermally stimulated recovery (TSR) is a non‐conventional mechanical spectroscopy technique that allows to analyse in detail the relaxation processes of polymeric systems in the low frequency region. This work reviews the main aspects and potentialities of this technique. The different kinds of TSR experiments that can be performed, global and thermal sampling (TS) experiments, are described and illustrated with several examples. Also, the different methods for the determination of the thermokinetic parameters (activation energy and pre‐exponential factor) of the thermal sampling (TS) procedure are explained and compared. In this context, the compensation phenomenon, which always appears in TSR results when the studies are performed in the glass transition region of a given system, is discussed. Examples of the application of this technique to different polymeric systems during the last 20 years are provided. An emphasis will be made on the analysis of the effect of crystallinity degree and crosslink density on the TSR response. A comparison between the results (characteristic times and activation energies) obtained by different techniques, namely TSR, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), is made.