All-Fiber Self-Injection Seeding for Optical Timing Jitter Reduction in a Chirp Compensated Gain-Switched DFB Laser

We demonstrate an original all-fiber self-injection seeding technique based on a noninterferometric reflector for the optical timing jitter reduction in a chirp compen sated gain-switched Distributed FeedBack (DFB) laser. Two experiments, at 2.5 and 5 GHz, show standard deviations of the optical timing jitter of 0.28 ps and a reduction factor of 17 in the best case. The self-injection seeding sensitivity to polarization effects and to modulating frequency changes was measured in terms of standard deviation. A final experiment at 10 GHz, with no external feedback, shows an optical timing jitter down to 0.4 ps due to a time dynamics of spontaneous emission fluctuations slower than the pulse period.     

Relationship Between Masking Levels and Phonatory Stability in Normal-Speaking Women

Disruption of auditory feedback such as masking has been shown to influence vocal production. A reliable finding is an increase in intensity level; an increase in fundamental frequency (F0) is a less robust finding. Research is lacking concerning the effects of auditory masking on measures of phonatory stability such as jitter and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR). This study investigated changes in intensity, F0, jitter, and HNR in 22 normally speaking college aged women. Subjects produced the vowel /a/ under three conditions: no masking level (0-dB ML), 50-dB ML, and 80-dB ML. Significant differences between conditions emerged for intensity; means for the other measures were not significantly different. Intraindividual differences between conditions for each variable are discussed in the framework of auditory versus kinesthetic feedback.     

Enhanced Acquisition and Tracking in All Digital Phase-Locked Loops

This paper presents a technique to substantially mitigate the tracking jitter of all digital phase-locked loops and, hence, enhance the overall performance of the loop. This has been achieved by a structure utilizing a notch f ilter in a cascade arrangement with the loop f ilter to suppress the undesired frequency components and preserve the DC value at the output of the loop f ilter, which represents the trial value of the carrier phase error. A rapid acquisition of the error and a bit error rate (BER) performance close to theoretical results have been achieved.     

Accuracy of jitter estimates using different filter settings on Visi-Pitch: A preliminary report

Preliminary findings are presented regarding Visi-Pitch settings in relation to automatically derived perturbation values (jitter). Jitter values were estimated from sustained phonation of /a/ at each of four filter settings for three subjects using Visi-Pitch. Data were compared to values obtained by hand measuring the same signals and employing Koike's formula. Results indicated that the magnitude of difference between jitter estimated by Visi-Pitch and hand measurement was small. Findings support the use of the manufacturer's recommended filter settings as opposed to alternative settings suggested by Karnell.     

基于H.323的VoIP系统QoS实现研究

文章提出了一种QoS增强的VoIP体系结构，增加了连接准入控制功能，提供了语音分组的IP优先服务，并改进了抖动缓冲的设计，使VoIP系统的QoS得到很大改善。     

Acoustic characteristics of children''s voice

Four acoustic measures were taken from voice recordings of 121 children between the ages of 64 and 134 months. Acoustic parameters were measured on a sustained neutral /a/ vowel, produced imitatively at normal pitch and loudness. Samples were analyzed for fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Data are presented to characterize effects of age, sex, height, and weight on these acoustic parameters. Results indicate statistically significant relationships between frequency and sex, with higher frequencies for girls. Also significant is a positive relationship between shimmer and height and a negative relationship between SNR and height.     

Effects of head extension and tongue protrusion on voice perturbation measures

Head extension with protruded tongue is the position for video-laryngoscopy and simultaneous glottographic recordings including photoglottographic signals. This study investigated the effect of head extension and tongue protrusion on the measures of fundamental frequency, frequency perturbation (jitter), and amplitude perturbation (shimmer). Acoustic signals recorded during sustained vowels were obtained from 49 women and 66 men with no speech or voice disorders in different head-tongue positions. Head extension was associated with increased fundamental frequency and decreased shimmer. In men, head extension did not appear to affect jitter. When the tongue was protruded, head extension tended to lower jitter. For both genders, tongue protrusion was associated with decreased fundamental frequency with head extension. In the men, tongue protrusion tended to increase shimmer when the head was in the neutral position. In the women, tongue protrusion was associated with increased jitter and increased shimmer and was most evident in the head-neutral position. These findings supported a physical linkage hypothesis of the relationship between vocal tract configuration and vocal fold vibration, suggesting that head-tongue position must be taken into account when comparing voice measures.     

深亚微米芯片设计中相位噪声的讨论

文章以相位噪声（Jitter)为核心讨论芯片设计领域深亚微米效应理论，文章在介绍相位噪声的定义，定量描述，来源以及前人的研究工作耻，提出了建立相位噪声的软件仿真环境及给出相应判据的解决思路，以期指导高速发展的超大规模集成电路设计技术的提升。     

用于激光打靶装置中的新型同步系统的研究

一种用于多路激光打靶装置中的新型智能化数字同步机已经研制成功,它将模拟延时电路和数字延时电路巧妙结合在一起,使得最大延时范围达到1s,触发晃动小于1ns,步进精度5ps.     

Acoustic characteristics of reticent speech

Reticent speakers differ from nonreticent speakers in vocal characteristics, such as fundamental frequency, frequency range, fluency, and intensity, which prompt negative impressions on the part of listeners. Waveform and spectrographic analyses were performed on the vocal cues of 19 reticent and nonreticent subjects (57 speech samples). Statistically significant differences were found in fluency between reticent and nonreticent speech. Reticent male speakers also showed significantly higher F₀, whereas reticent female speakers demonstrated narrower frequency range. Identification and analysis of these characteristics are required for effective remediation.