Molecular structure of carbonyl bromide as studied by gas electron diffraction

The molecular structure of COBr₂ has been determined as follows by an analysis of electron diffraction intensity: r_g(CO) = 1.178 ± 0.009 Å, r_g(C-Br) = 1.923 ± 0.005 Å and θ°_α(Br-C-Br) = 112.3 ± 0.4°. The uncertainties represent estimated limits of error. The observed systematic trends in the bond lengths and bond angles in carbonyl and thiocarbonyl halides are discussed.     

A dynamic free-entry oligopoly with sluggish entry and exit adjustments

We study a dynamic free-entry oligopoly with sluggish entry and exit of firms under general demand and cost functions. We show that the number of firms in a steady-state open-loop solution for a dynamic free-entry oligopoly is smaller than that at static equilibrium and that the number of firms in a steady-state memoryless closed-loop solution is larger than that in an open-loop solution.     

How to successfully promote ICT usage: A comparative analysis of Denmark and Japan

The paper presents a comparative analysis of two advanced ICT nations, Japan and Denmark. While Japan is very advanced with respect to its telecommunications infrastructure, Denmark has come further than Japan regarding the use of ICT infrastructures. This paper compares Denmark, a leader in ICT usage, and Japan, which lags in that regard, analyzes differences in institutions, technologies, and services offered, and examines factors contributing to the success of Denmark in promoting ICT usage from a Japanese perspective. Strong governmental leadership, and common techno-infrastructure such as personal ID and digital signature that serve different systems, and user-orientation of service design are the characteristics of Danish efforts absent in Japan.     

美国、日本和国产香烟中铅含量的比较

测定和比较了来自美国、日本和国产香烟的铅含量，结果表明，不同产地的烟中铅含量差别很大，并足以造成被动吸烟者血铅水平增高。     

灾难应对通信系统的需求与未来发展

四川汶川地震后，灾难情况下通信系统的重要性越来越被广泛地认识，文章以目、美为例，从灾难发生时不同使用主体通信需求出发，探讨对通信网的需求，并分析未来灾难应对通信系统的发展目标。     

Disappearance of the heat capacity peak of Sc3In around the curie temperature in high magnetic fields

The low temperature (1.3–20.0 K) heat capacity of the weak itinerant electron ferromagnet Sc₃In was measured in magnetic fields up to ～ 10 T. The heat capacity peak observed around T_c = 6.0 K in zero field becomes smaller with increasing fields and at 9.98 T its magnetic entropy is ≈ 18% of the zero field value. Above T_c, the spin fluctuation contribution to the heat capacity, which is enhanced by the magnetic field at lower fields (?5 T), is quenched at higher fields (?5 T). This depression of the spin fluctuation contibution to the heat capacity by the high magnetic fields occurs at lower magnetic fields than had been considered possible heretofore. Our results suggest that the itinerant ferromagnetism is Sc₃In is completely quenched at 12 T.     

Energy and angular differential cross sections for K + NO2 charge transfer reactions

Doubly differential cross sections, in energy and angle, are reported for the electron transfer reaction between potassium and nitrogen dioxide in a crossed beam apparatus at relative collision energies between 2.7 and 30.8 eV. The formation of NO^?₂ in its ground ¹A₁ and excited ³B₁ state has been observed. Theoretical consideration of these processes indicates that bond bending during the collision has a stronger influence on ion-pair formation than bond stretching. At the lower collision energies most of the excess energy is converted into internal energy of NO^?₂.     

An X-ray double-crystal method utilizing non-parallel setting for measuring local lattice mismatches between epitaxial films and substrates

An X-ray topographic method utilizing non-parallel (+,-) setting for measuring lattice mismatches between epitaxial films and substrates is reported. This method gives quantitative as well as topographical information on lattice distortions in a distorted crystal and allows us to study any reflection from various crystals, in which the fractional variation of lattice spacing, δd/d, is of the order of 10^-4?10^-5. Examples of applications are lattice mismatches between epitaxial magnetic garnet films and (111) gadolinium garnet (GGG) substrates. The spacing of the epitaxial film was slightly larger along the [111] direction than that of the substrate and the apparent crystal symmetry of the epitaxial film is rhombohedral.     

半导体照明产品日本市场准入要求

文中介绍了半导体照明产品进入日本市场的安全要求、性能要求和EMC要求等,着重描述了日本标准与相关IEC标准的差异。     

Dissolved oxygen in the bottom water of the Sea of Japan as a sensitive alarm for global climate change

The Sea of Japan, a semi-closed marginal sea (greatest depth ∼3700 m) in the northwestern-most Pacific Ocean, has an independent, deep convection system, which is driven by the formation and the sinking of cool, saline surface water towards the bottom in severe winters. Continuous measurement of dissolved oxygen using highly precise versions of the Winkler titration method has revealed 8-10% decreases in the bottom concentration of oxygen (O₂) over the past 30 years. The temporal decrease in O₂ means an imbalance between the supply of O₂ from the surface and the in situ consumption of O₂ in decomposing organic matter, suggesting that the change in the deep convection pattern of the Sea of Japan is probably caused by global climate change to reduce winter cooling of surface seawater.