Country road and field surface profiles acquisition,modelling and synthetic realisation for evaluating fatigue life of agricultural machinery

Fatigue life of agricultural machinery is strongly affected by the surfaces that these machines operate on. In the present paper a sensor-frame was developed to acquire road and field profiles in absolute geo-referenced coordinates. The sensor-frame was validated by measuring discrete trapezoidal bumps with known dimensions resulting in a root mean squared (RMS) error of 6–8 mm. Profiles were acquired from a country road and from a mowed grass field. Using the quarter-car vehicle model, the movement of an agricultural vehicle was simulated for various speeds. The resulted vertical loads were rainflow-counted and the accumulated fatigue pseudo damage was calculated using Palmgren–Miner linear rule. Based on the derived Power Spectrum Density (PSD), the profiles were classified according to ISO 8608 standard. Two methodologies were followed to model and create a number of synthetic realisations for each profile: Direct Spectrum Estimate (DSE) and ISO based modelling. Simulating the produced synthetic profiles with the quarter-car vehicle model, the corresponding pseudo damage was calculated. The accumulated damages from the DSE models were closer to the corresponding ones from the measured profiles. ISO based models could not model the profile irregularities, which proved to contribute the largest part of the accumulated fatigue damage.     

精益六西格玛的有效实施

精益六西格玛管理是一项以顾客为中心、以数据为基础,以追求近乎完美为目标的管理理念和方法。该文从实际管理经验出发,提出了管理理念、实施范围、员工稳定以及总结复盘等结论,并特别阐明了精益六西格玛和ISO9001的关系;最后描述了理想的精益六西格玛的管理者形象。     

Design of Reader Baseband Receiver Structure for Demodulating Backscattered Tag Signal in a Passive RFID Environment

In this paper, we present a demodulation structure suitable for a reader baseband receiver in a passive radio frequency identification (RFID) environment. In a passive RFID configuration, an undesirable DC‐offset phenomenon may appear in the baseband of the reader receiver, which can severely degrade the performance of the extraction of valid information from the received tag signal. To eliminate this DC‐offset phenomenon, the primary feature of the proposed demodulation structures for the received FM0 and Miller subcarrier signals is to reconstruct the signal corrupted by the DC‐offset phenomenon by creating peak signals from the corrupted signal. It is shown that the proposed method can successfully detect valid data, even when the received baseband signal is distorted by the DC‐offset phenomenon.     

无源UHFRFID标签芯片基带处理器的低功耗设计

在分析ISO18000-6C标准内容的基础上,提出了一种基带处理器的结构,设计了一款符合ISO18000-6C标准的UHF RFID标签芯片的基带处理器。该基带处理器可支持协议规定的所有强制命令。设计通过降低工作电压、降低工作频率、使用门控时钟、增加功耗管理模块等一系列低功耗设计以降低处理器的功率消耗。在Xillinx的Virtex-4FPGA上验证满足协议功能要求,并在工作电压为1V,时钟为1.92MHz时,功耗仿真结果为9.9μW,很好的完成了低功耗电子标签的基带处理器设计。     

ITSS运维系列标准与ISO/IEC20000标准的关系

在详细介绍ITSS运维系列标准和ISO/IEC 20000系列标准的内容及各部分标准之间关系的基础上,对两类标准从主要内容、核心原理、适用范围、未来发展方向,以及区别和联系等方面进行了详细分析.两类标准均为面向服务的标准,从实施角度看,它们之间不是等同关系,而是互相促进的关系.     

Application of surface analysis methods to nanomaterials: summary of ISO/TC 201 technical report: ISO 14187:2011 – surface chemical analysis – characterization of nanomaterials

The ISO technical report 14187 provides an introduction to (and examples of) the information that can be obtained about nanostructured materials by using surface analysis tools. In addition, both general issues and challenges associated with characterizing nanostructured materials and the specific opportunities and challenges associated with individual analytical methods are identified. As the size of objects or components of materials approaches a few nanometers, the distinctions among ‘bulk’, ‘surface’, and ‘particle’ analysis blur. This technical report focuses on issues specifically relevant to surface chemical analysis of nanostructured materials. The report considers a variety of analysis methods but focuses on techniques that are in the domain of ISO/TC 201 including Auger electron spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and scanning probe microscopy. Measurements of nanoparticle surface properties such as surface potential that are often made in a solution are not discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A model to set measurement quality objectives and to establish measurement uncertainty expectations in analytical chemistry laboratories using ASTM proficiency test data

A model is presented that correlates historical proficiency test data as the log of interlaboratory standard deviations versus the log of analyte concentrations, independent of analyte (measurand) or matrix. Analytical chemistry laboratories can use this model to set their internal measurement quality objectives and to apply the uncertainty budget process to assign the maximum allowable variation in each major step in their bias-free measurement systems. Laboratories that are compliant with this model are able to pass future proficiency tests and demonstrate competence to laboratory clients and ISO 17025 accreditation bodies. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s007690100398-y. Received: 31 March 2001 Accepted: 11 September 2001     

关于M21激光束的分析

对实验上和理论上出现的Ｍ＾２〈１激光束作了综述,并进行了分析与研究,发现真正可行、实用的Ｍ＾２〈１激光束只有由点光源经尾部控制衍射在中央输出经轴上相博士干叠加成新谓的余弦－高斯光束。     

标准化组织简介

本文对标准化的基础知识进行了简要概括,并对标准化组织进行了详细的分类介绍。     

关于电子企业质量管理的认识和讨论

讨论电子企业在实施ISO9000质量管理体系时面对的挑战与问题,从应用角度提出探索性的看法与建议;为应对激烈的市场竞争,企业需要严密的质量体系与规范的管理制度。