滤膜冷凝收集-离子色谱法测定固液气溶胶中5种水溶性阴离子北大核心CSCD

水溶性离子是固、液气溶胶的重要组成部分,对于气溶胶的理化性质和空气质量具有重大影响,研究水溶性离子的含量对于大气环境的污染与防治具有深远意义。该研究建立了一种滤膜冷凝收集-离子色谱技术采集固体气溶胶和液体气溶胶并测定其中的5种水溶性阴离子(Cl^(-)、F^(-)、NO^(-)_(3)、NO2^(-)、SO4^(2-))含量的方法。首先,采用固体颗粒过滤器和冷凝收集法分别收集固体气溶胶和液体气溶胶,固体气溶胶以固体颗粒物的形式被收集在固体颗粒过滤器内,液体气溶胶以冷凝液的形式在冷阱中被收集。其次,以离子色谱法对固、液体气溶胶中的水溶性阴离子含量进行检测。在以Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm作为分析柱,流速为1 mL/min,柱温为30℃,淋洗液氢氧化钾(KOH)浓度在0~40 min内由1 mol/L线性增至25 mol/L,进样量100μL的条件下,各离子在40 min内有效分离,5种阴离子在0.1~10 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(相关系数为0.9992~0.9997),检出限低(0.02~0.04 mg/L)。对样品采集条件(采样时间、采样温度和采样流量)进行了优化,结果表明,在采样时间2 h、采样温度-13℃、采样流量1.0 L/min的条件下,可获得较为满意的结果。在优化的条件下分别对实际样品的两类溶胶中的5种阴离子含量进行了检测,测得实际样品的液体气溶胶中5种阴离子含量分别为5.7402μg/m^(3)(F^(-))、1.1599μg/m^(3)(Cl^(-))、3.3233μg/m^(3)(NO^(-)_(2))、2.4861μg/m^(3)(NO^(-)_(3))和0.9745μg/m^(3)(SO^(2-)_(4)),固体气溶胶中5种阴离子含量分别为14.1037μg/m^(3)(F^(-))、5.0398μg/m^(3)(Cl^(-))、9.3052μg/m^(3)(NO^(-)_(2))、8.4528μg/m^(3)(NO^(-)_(3))和5.6314μg/m^(3)(SO^(2-)_(4))。该方法可应用于实际的大气检测中,也为其他离子的采集和分析条件的摸索提供了方法。     

离子色谱法同时测定不同时段酸雨中17种离子

应用离子色谱法同时测定不同时段酸雨中17种离子的含量。样品经离心沉淀后,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,滤液供离子色谱分析。阴离子分离时用Shodex SI-52 4E阴离子色谱柱,并用3.6mmol·L-1碳酸钠-0.6 mmol·L-1碳酸氢钠缓冲溶液作为淋洗液;阳离子分离时用TSKGEL阳离子色谱柱,并用2mmol·L-1硝酸溶液作为淋洗液,采用电导检测器进行检测。17种离子均在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在1.4~18.7μg·L-1之间。回收率在95.0%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.7%~7.2%之间。     

离子色谱法测定合成气制烯烃产物中的C_1~C_6有机酸

采用离子色谱建立了合成气制烯烃(SGTO)水相产物和油相产物中C1~C6有机酸的测定方法。对分离条件进行了优化,使用标准样品测定了线性范围和工作曲线,考察了方法的精密度和准确度,确定了SGTO油相产物样品的碱洗条件,并对SGTO水相产物和油相产物样品进行了测定。结果表明:C1~C6有机酸的质量浓度在各自配制的质量浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99。标准溶液的回收率测定表明回收率在95.6%~104.3%之间,5次重复测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.4%~3.6%之间,表明该方法具有良好的准确性和精密度。SGTO油相产物中的加标回收率在91.1%~96.8%之间,5次重复测定的RSD为0.7%~2.3%,准确性可以满足实际分析的需要。实际SGTO水相产物和油相产物中C1~C6有机酸的分析结果表明,SGTO水相产物中C2~C4有机酸含量较高,而SGTO油相产物中C4~C6有机酸含量较高。本研究对SGTO反应研究、催化剂制备、工艺优化以及设备材料的选择具有重要意义。     

Real-time in situ monitoring of manufacturing process and CFRP quality by relative resistance change measurement

In situ monitoring of resin flow, impregnation of carbon fiber fabrics, and curing during composite manufacturing are very important for determining the quality of composite parts. In conventional methods, sensors, such as optical fibers and strain gages, are bonded to or embedded in the composites for measuring the changes in mechanical and chemical properties. Although they can detect resin curing behavior and impregnation of carbon fibers, they may adversely affect the manufacturing process or structural integrity of the composites. In this study, carbon fiber itself was used as a sensor that minimizes the degradation of mechanical properties and increases the efficiency of monitoring the manufacturing process. The change in the electrical resistance of carbon fiber fabrics was monitored during the various manufacturing processes when the resin flowed through the carbon fiber fabric and curing progressed. The effectiveness of this monitoring method was confirmed, and it is expected to be applicable in monitoring the quality of the finished composite parts.     

选矿产品矿物自动分析的光片制备

基于扫描电子显微镜的矿物自动分析仪(Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electronic Microscopy)、MLA(Mineral Liberation Analyser)和AMICS(Advanced Mineral Identification and Characterization System)可用于测定选矿产品中目的矿物的粒度和单体解离度,为确定合理的磨矿细度以及优化选矿工艺流程提供依据。环氧树脂光片的制备是矿物自动识别和测量的最关键的一环,其代表性直接关系到后续数据测量的准确性和真实性。对于金属矿产品来说,由于选矿产品中矿物颗粒粗细不均、密度差异较大,在环氧树脂胶结固化过程中矿物颗粒会产生明显的分异作用并互相黏连,造成分析结果失真。实验证明,把样品与晶质石墨混均,然后加入环氧树脂以及固化剂搅拌混合倒入圆柱状模具进行冷镶嵌,待样品固化后再沿圆柱体的纵向进行切割,并对其切割面进行粗磨、细磨、精磨以及抛光,就可以制备出样品分散性好、分布均匀、表面光滑平整的具有代表性的环氧树脂光片。     

Direct separation of the enantiomers of ramosetron on a chlorinated cellulose‐based chiral stationary phase in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mode

Ramosetron is an enantiopure active pharmaceutical ingredient marketed in Japan since 1996 and later in a few Southeast Asian countries predominantly as an antiemetic for patients receiving chemotherapy. In this study, a simple and rapid high‐performance liquid chromoatography method for the separation of ramosetron and its related enantiomeric impurity by using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mode is presented. Chiral resolution was performed on an analytical column (100 mm × 4.6 mm id) packed with 3 μm particles of cellulose‐based Chiralpak IC‐3 chiral stationary phase. Using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile–water–diethylamine (100:10:0.1, v/v/v) and setting the column temperature at 35°C, the resolution value was 7.35. At a flow rate of 1 mL/min, the enantioseparation was completed within 5 min. The proposed method was partially validated and it has proven to be sensitive with limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the (S)‐enantiomer impurity of 44.5 and 133.6 ng/mL.     

Speciation of Arsenic Compounds in the Urine of Rats Orally Exposed to Dimethylarsinic Acid Ion Chromatography with ICP–MS as an Element-Selective Detector

A combined ion chromatography (IC) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP—MS) system as an element-selective detector has been used for the determination of arsenic compounds. Seven arsenic compounds were separated by cation-exchange chromatography. Subsequently, the separated arsenic compounds were directly introduced into the ICP—MS and were detected at m/z =75. Detection limits for the seven arsenic compounds ranged from 0.8 to 3.8 μg As/l. The IC–ICP–MS system was applied to the determination of arsenic compounds in the urine of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA)-exposed rats. DMAA was the most abundant arsenic compound detected. Arsenous acid, monomethylarsonic acid and trimethylarsine oxide were also detected.     

基于RFID专用读写模块和IC卡的手机支付新方案的研究

本文首先研究了移动支付业务需求、业务模式、技术背景与实现方式,然后描述了将RFID技术与移动通信技术相结合实现移动支付业务的技术方案,最后针对国内移动支付的发展现状,详细介绍了基于RFID专用读写模块和IC卡的手机移动支付新方案.     

不同生境半夏及炮制半夏中鸟嘌呤核苷的含量测定

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定不同生境半夏和炮制半夏中鸟嘌呤核苷的含量.不同生境的半夏中鸟嘌呤核苷的含量并无差异,但炮制半夏中鸟嘌呤核苷含量较生品均有不同幅度下降.从水溶性成分鸟嘌呤核苷的含量看,种植半夏质量并不比野生半夏质量差;半夏在炮制过程中水溶性成分有所损失.     

脉宽调制型大功率LED恒流驱动芯片的研究

基于0.6μm5V标准CMOS工艺,研究并设计了一种脉宽调制型大功率照明LED恒流驱动芯片为1W大功率照明LED灯提供350mA恒定的平均驱动电流。实现了在5V电源电压有10%跳变时,平均驱动电流的变化可被控制在4.5%以内。输出级开关MOS管采用高密度的版图结构使单位面积的有效宽长比与普通结构的MOS管相比提高了一倍。芯片的电源效率可达87%,与以前设计的串联饱和型半导体照明LED恒流驱动芯片[1]相比提高近25%。