一种小型水下连续光成像系统设计

设计了一种小型水下连续光成像系统,主要用于小型水下载具或潜水员提高水下视觉能力。该系统以多片大功率LED为光源,以CCD为接收器。为改善图像质量,在分析连续光照明条件下水下图像特点的基础上,使用了一种基于模型法的图像处理算法,并在以DM642为核心的嵌入式图像处理平台上实现。系统进行了室内水池和外场实验,结果表明:针对黑白条纹靶板,系统的极限探测距离达到2.3倍衰减长度以上;图像处理算法能较好适应多种背景和系统结构变化,有效提高图像对比度、突出目标细节。     

基于FPGA的科学级CCD成像系统设计

针对天文、医学等领域科学成像需要,设计了一套基于FPGA的科学级CCD成像系统,并给出了设计中关键技术的解决方法。首先,FPGA提供CCD正常工作所需要的时序信号,驱动CCD输出模拟图像;再将模拟信号预放大、相关双采样、AD转化后输出给FPGA进行处理;最后,将图像信号在FPGA内部进行格式重组、添加图像信息等操作后输出给存储与显示单元。实验结果表明,获取的图像质量较好,不制冷时读出噪声仅6个电子,满足了科学成像的需要。整个系统性能稳定可靠、实时性强,具有较好的通用性。     

单元探测器的短波红外多通道成像技术

为了克服目前利用短波红外焦平面器件获取图像时难以消除器件自身的非均匀性、难以获得较高信噪比及成本昂贵的问题,提出了利用单元探测器和DMD(Digital Micro-mirror Device)空间光调制器件,基于Hadamard变换进行凝视光学画幅式成像的方法.通过实验验证了该方法用于短波红外成像的可行性.对实现低成本、高信噪比的短波红外成像具有借鉴意义.     

激光水下成像系统中SD存储卡应用研究

介绍了在激光水下成像系统中,应用SD卡存储图像数据的具体方案及实施细节。包括SD卡与DSP处理器的电路连接,SPI总线的配置方法,系统软件层次结构的分析,SD卡的操作以及文件系统的移植及应用。该方案在水下成像系统的设计实现中具有应用价值。     

微光学系统矢量衍射成像的分析与模拟

本文利用瑞利—索末菲矢量衍射公式经适当推理导出微光学系统矢量衍射像点光强度分布的解析计算式,探讨了矢量衍射成像的原理与技术。模拟实验表明,微光学系统的矢量衍射成像,不但要考虑横向场通常还要考虑纵向场,并讨论了波长和偏振态对成像的影响,有助于促进微光学衍射理论与成像技术的发展。     

同时线成像和分幅面成像任意反射面速度干涉仪测速技术

研制了一套线面同时成像任意反射面速度干涉仪(VISAR)用于激光驱动飞片速度场时空分辨测量。将传统VISAR改为成像干涉结构,用变像管扫描相机和高速光电分幅相机分别记录作为信号载体的梳状干涉条纹,实现靶面一条线上各点速度历史和多个时刻二维靶面上所有点速度的测量。所研制的线面同时成像VISAR具有小于10μm的空间分辨和约15m/s的速度分辨能力,线成像VISAR时间分辨小于50ps,面成像VISAR曝光时间小于5ns。用其测量了激光驱动带约束刀口铝膜飞片的速度场,给出了高时空分辨全场速度分布,从中可以清晰看出飞片的演化发展过程。实验结果表明,线面同时成像VISAR将是各种飞片产生技术及相应加载手段中全场速度诊断的有力工具。     

Radiolabeled Polymeric Nanoconstructs Loaded with Docetaxel and Curcumin for Cancer Combinatorial Therapy and Nuclear Imaging

Growing evidence suggests that multifaceted diseases as cancer can be effectively tackled by hitting simultaneously different biological targets and monitoring patient‐specific responses. Combinatorial therapies, relying on the administration of two or more molecules with different cytotoxic mechanisms, are rapidly progressing in the clinic. Here, 100 nm spherical polymeric nanoconstructs (SPNs) are proposed for the combinatorial treatment of tumors by codelivering a potent antimitotic drug—docetaxel (DTXL)—and a broad spectrum anti‐inflammatory molecule—curcumin (CURC). In vitro, SPNs loaded with DTXL and CURC induce a threefold decrease in IC₅₀ as compared to DTXL‐loaded SPNs. This synergic antitumor effect is also significant in mouse models of glioblastoma multiforme, where, after 22 d of treatment, the combinatorial approach leads to complete disease regression. At 90 d post‐treatment initiation, mice injected with DTXL + CURC SPNs have a 100% survival, whereas only 50% of the DTXL SPN treated mice survive. SPNs are also labeled with radioactive ⁶⁴Cu(DOTA) molecules to document, via PET imaging, the progressive tumor mass shrinkage. Sensitization of DTXL by CURC is associated with NF‐κB downregulation and increased apoptosis. These theranostic nanoconstructs could be used for combinatorial treatment and assessment of therapeutic efficacy in other malignancies.     

Imaging‐Guided Combined Photothermal and Radiotherapy to Treat Subcutaneous and Metastatic Tumors Using Iodine‐131‐Doped Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles

Combining different therapeutic strategies to treat cancer by overcoming limitations of conventional cancer therapies has shown great promise in both fundamental and clinical studies. Herein, by adding ¹³¹I when making iodine‐doped CuS nanoparticles, CuS/[¹³¹I]I nanoparticles are obtained, which after functionalization with polyethylene glycol (PEG) are used for radiotherapy (RT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), by utilizing their intrinsic high near‐infrared absorbance and the doped ¹³¹I‐radioactivity, respectively. The combined RT and PTT based on CuS/[¹³¹I]I‐PEG is then conducted, achieving remarkable synergistic therapeutic effects as demonstrated in the treatment of subcutaneous tumors. In the meanwhile, as revealed by bimodal nuclear imaging and computed tomography (CT) imaging, it is found that CuS/[¹³¹I]I‐PEG nanoparticles after being injected into primary solid tumors could migrate to and retain in their nearby sentinel lymph nodes. Importantly, the combined RT and PTT applied on those lymph nodes to assist surgical resection of primary tumors results in remarkably inhibited cancer metastasis and greatly prolonged animal survival. In vivo toxicology studies further reveal that our CuS/I‐PEG is not obviously toxic to animals at fourfold of the treatment dose. This work thus demonstrates the potential of combining RT and PTT using a single nanoagent for imaging‐guided treatment of metastatic tumors.     

两种海面舰船SAR图像仿真方法对比

运用基于图像特征和基于回波信号这两种SAR图像仿真方法,对海面舰船进行SAR成像仿真。根据仿真参数和得到的仿真图像,对比两种方法的优缺点。将基于海浪谱的双尺度动态海面模型和其上舰船3D模型组合,构成海面舰船三维复合模型,并运用小面单元模型,通过射线追踪法(SBR)处理面元之间的遮挡阴影问题,结合物理光学法(PO)来计算面元的散射截面,然后分别基于图像特征和基于回波信号进行SAR图像仿真。得到的仿真图像能较直观地反映两种仿真方法的优缺点。     

Gadolinium‐Doped Persistent Nanophosphors as Versatile Tool for Multimodal In Vivo Imaging

Recent breakthroughs in the rational development of multifunctional nanocarriers have highlightened the advantage of combining the complementary forces of several imaging modalities into one single nanotool fully dedicated to the biomedical field and diagnosis applications. A novel multimodal optical‐magnetic resonance imaging nanoprobe is introduced. Designed on the basis of a spinel zinc gallate structure doped with trivalent chromium and gadolinium, this nanocrystal bears the ability to serve as both a highly sensitive persistent luminescence nanoprobe for optical imaging, and a negative contrast agent for highly resolved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Additional proof is given that surface coverage can be modified in order to obtain stealth nanoparticles highly suitable for real‐time in vivo application in mice, showing delayed reticulo‐endothelial uptake and longer circulation time after systemic injection.