激光等离子体2660紫外探针及干涉系统

成功地在六路高功率Nd玻璃激光装置上建立了2660紫外激光探针和适合紫外波段的Normaski干涉仪,首次将可见波长的连续激光应用于紫外干涉仪中靶成像调整和光路准直。利用该紫外光干涉仪,在铜柱状靶(φ500μm)上测量了厚等离子体中高达0.6n。的电子密度。     

Symmetries and conservation laws of partial differential equations: Basic notions and results

The main notions and results which are necessary for finding higher symmetries and conservation laws for general systems of partial differential equations are given. These constitute the starting point for the subsequent papers of this volume. Some problems are also discussed.     

General coordinate invariance and conformal invariance in nonrelativistic physics: Unitary Fermi gas

We show that the Lagrangian for interacting nonrelativistic particles can be coupled to an external gauge field and metric tensor in a way that exhibits a nonrelativistic version of general coordinate invariance. We explore the consequences of this invariance on the example of the degenerate Fermi gas at infinite scattering length, where conformal invariance also plays an important role. We find the most general effective Lagrangian consistent with both general coordinate and conformal invariance to leading and next-to-leading orders in the momentum expansion. At the leading order the Lagrangian contains one phenomenological constant and reproduces the results of the Thomas-Fermi theory and superfluid hydrodynamics. At the next-to-leading order there are two additional constants. We express various physical quantities through these constants.     

A study of the fluorescent properties of spin-coated sodium salicylate thin films

Thin films of sodium salicylate were deposited by spin coating from a solution prepared by dissolving sodium salicylate in methanol. The films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and spectrofluorometry. The films were crystalline with a strong blue fluorescence peak at an emission wavelength of 419.3 nm. The influence of solution concentration, spin speed and annealing temperature on the fluorescence intensity was studied. Optimum results were obtained with a solution whose concentration was 2.5 M. It was found that lower spin speed resulted in higher fluorescence intensity. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity decreased as the annealing temperature was increased. The durability of the films over a period of 30 days was also investigated, and films annealed at higher temperatures were found to be less degraded with time.     

SEPARATING SCN~- FROM DESULPHURIZATION WASTE SOLUTION OF COCKING PLANT BY D241 RESIN

1. INTRODUCTION In the process of coking plant, about 30%~35% sulfur is transformed to H2S and some other sulfide, which form impurity in coal gas together with NH3 and HCN. Only 0.1% H2S containing in air can lead to die, so it is very important to carry on desulphurization and decyanation with coal gas [1~3]. Currently desulphurization and decyanation craft technique have Dry Oxidation Technology, Wet Oxidation Technology and Liquid Absorption Technology [2] three main kinds. The…     

A study of structural, compositional and optical properties of spray-deposited non-stoichiometric (Zn,Fe)S thin films

Non-stoichiometric ternary chalcogenides (Zn,Fe)S were prepared in the film form by pyrolytic spray deposition technique, using air/nitrogen as the carrier gas. The precursor solution comprised of ZnCl₂, FeCl₂ and thiourea. The depositions were carried out under optimum conditions of experimental parameters viz. carrier gas (air/nitrogen) flow rate, concentration of precursor constituents, nozzle substrate distance and temperature of quartz substrate. The deposited thin films were later sintered in argon at 1073 K for 120 min.The structural, compositional and optical properties of the sintered thin films were studied. X-ray diffraction studies of the thin films indicated the presence of (Zn,Fe)S solid solution with prominent cubic sphalerite phase while surface morphology as determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a granular structure.The chemical composition of the resulting thin films as analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) reflected the composition of the precursor solutions from which the depositions were carried out with Fe at% values ranging from 0.4 up to 33.SEM micrographs of thin films reveal that the grain sizes of the thin films prepared using air as carrier gas and N₂ as carrier gas are in the vicinity of 300 and 150 nm, respectively.The diffuse transmittance measurements for thin films, as a function of wavelength reveal the dependence of direct optical band gap on Fe content and type of phase.     

Electrical properties and Schottky diodes using N-N′diphenyl-1-4phenylenediamine

Thin films of, N-N′diphenyl 1-4phenylene-diamineane are prepared using vacuum sublimation technique. The electrical conductivity from room temperature down to 127 K is studied. It is found that the conduction of charge carriers obeys T^−1/2 dependence on temperature. The average hopping distance, hopping energy, density of states and their variation due to post-deposition heat treatment are studied. Schottky diodes are fabricated with gold as ohmic contact and aluminium as Schottky contact. From the observed current voltage characteristics the saturation current density, diode ideality factor and the barrier height are determined. Their variation with air annealing is also investigated.     

Study of thermal currents in powder β-spodumene ceramics doped with Cuo, FeO and TiO2

Ternary-phase ceramic system of Li₂O Al₂O₃ 4SiO₂ doped with CuO, FeO and TiO₂ has been prepared and subjected to dc electrical conductivity and thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) measurements as a function of temperature (30-250 °C) and field strength. The electrical conductivity results are explained by assuming both ionic and electronic conduction mechanisms coexist with different contributions over the whole temperature range of experiments. TSDC spectra have been found to be characterized by a broad intense relaxation peak, which can be attributed to an ionic charge polarization. The broad relaxation transitions are apparently a result of the nonuniform nature of this process. Activation energies are calculated for both dc electrical conductivity and TSDC according to Arrhenius equation and initial rise method, respectively.     

Effective magnetic properties of a composite material with circular conductive elements

Effective magnetic properties of a composite meta-material consisting of periodically arranged circular conductive elements are studied theoretically. A general expression for the effective bulk permeability is obtained with mutual effects and lattice ordering being taken into account. The resonance frequency of the permeability is found to be strongly dependent on the size and shape of the unit cell. Frequency dispersion of the permeability is studied with special attention paid to the frequency range, where negative values of the permeability are possible. Corresponding recommendations for optimisation of the meta-materials with negative permeability are made. The results are confirmed by numerical simulations of the finite structure behaviour in an external magnetic field. Received 19 April 2002 Published online 31 July 2002