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31.
Ignacio López-García Mateo Sánchez-Merlos Manuel Hernández-Córdoba 《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》1997,52(14):378-2092
A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric procedure for the determination of mercury is presented, in which the samples are suspended in a solution containing hydrofluoric and nitric acids. Silver nitrate (4% m/v) and potassium permanganate (3%) are incorporated, in the order specified, and aliquots are directly introduced into the graphite furnace. A fast heating programme with no conventional pyrolysis step is used. The detection limit for mercury in a 125 mg ml−1 suspension is 0.1 μg g−1. Calibration is performed by using aqueous standards. The reliability of the procedure is proved by analysing certified reference materials. 相似文献
32.
In this article, we apply a novel time‐dependent discrete variable representation (TDDVR) method proposed by Barkakaty and Adhikari to investigate tunneling through an Eckart barrier. This semi‐classical method is theoretically rigorous and straightforward to implement. Among the TDDVR formulations, this report presents the first derivation of a rigorous form of quantum force (QF) for the present perspective. The validity of this semi‐classical approach is demanded based on the excellent agreement of the tunneling probability with the corresponding quantum results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 相似文献
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Summary Dynamic headspace and simultaneous steam distillation-extraction techniques were used to isolate volatile components of Parmesan cheese. Identification of the substances was carried out by GC and GC-MS; 110 compounds were identified in the samples obtained using the headspace technique, 105 in the extracts; among them, about 50 compounds were isolated with both procedures. Mass spectral data showed evidence for a number of newly reported compounds such as 3-(methylthio)propanal, -tetradecalactone, 9-tetra-decenoic and 9-hexadecenoic acids. Mass spectra of some compounds are discussed and a comparison between the results obtained with the two sampling methods is given. 相似文献
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36.
We propose short packet communication in an underlay cognitive radio network assisted by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) composed of multiple reconfigurable reflectors. This scheme, called the IRS protocol, operates in only one time slot (TS) using the IRS. The IRS adjusts its phases to give zero received cumulative phase at the secondary destination, thereby enhancing the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio. The transmitting power of the secondary source is optimized to simultaneously satisfy the multi-interference constraints, hardware limitations, and performance improvement. Simulation and analysis results of the average block error rates (BLERs) show that the performance can be enhanced by installing more reconfigurable reflectors, increasing the blocklength, lowering the number of required primary receivers, or sending fewer information bits. Moreover, the proposed IRS protocol always outperforms underlay relaying protocols using two TSs for data transmission, and achieves the best average BLER at identical transmission distances between the secondary source and secondary destination. The theoretical analyses are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. 相似文献
37.
牛奶中的蛋白质含量会影响牛奶的品质,利用高光谱图像的光谱特征信息研究对牛奶蛋白质含量预测的可行性。本文提出一种基于竞争性自适应重加权算法(competitive adaptive reweighted sampling, CARS)和连续投影算法(successive projections algorithm, SPA)结合多层前馈神经网络(back propagation, BP)的预测建模方法,实验以含有不同浓度蛋白质的牛奶为对象,利用可见光/近红外高光谱成像系统共采集到5种牛奶共计250组高光谱数据,通过实验对比选择采用标准化方法对获取到的吸收光谱预处理,然后采用CARS结合SPA筛选特征波长,得到18个特征波长,建立CARS-SPA-BP模型,经过试验,CARS-SPA-BP模型的训练集决定系数和测试集决定系数R;和R;分别达到0.971和0.968,训练集均方根误差(root mean square error of calibration,RMSEC)和测试集均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)达到了0.033和0.034。研究发现,采用CARS结合SPA筛选的牛奶特征波长建立的多层前馈神经网络模型,其模型预测结果与全波长建模相比并没有明显降低,因此将CARS结合SPA用于波长筛选并且结合BP神经网络基本可以完成对牛奶蛋白质含量的预测。为验证CARS-SPA-BP模型的预测能力,在相同数据环境下,使用较为传统的偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression, PLSR)进行建模,实验结果表明,CARS-SPA-BP相较于PLSR,R;和RMSEP均有明显提升。研究表明,CARS-SPA-BP可充分利用牛奶光谱特征信息实现较高精度的牛奶蛋白质含量检测。 相似文献
38.
For the major, minor and trace element analysis of the inorganic compounds of a Ruhr-Saar coal different preparation techniques are investigated with X-ray fluorescence analysis, electron microprobe and classical wet chemical methods minimizing sample weight at standard preparation times and analytical accuracies. Considering accuracy as well as preparation efforts, determinations by electron microprobe on small sample amounts (<50 mg) proved to be superior to the other methods.Abbreviations AAS
atomic absorbtion spectrometry
- EMA
electron microprobe analysis
- IC
ion chromatography
- ISE
ion sensitive electrode
- PHOT
photometry
- WCA
wet chemical analysis
- XRF
X-ray fluorescence analysis
- LTA
low temperature plasma ashing
- HTA
high temperature ashing
- l.o.i.
loss on ignition 相似文献
39.
H. G. Struppe F. Franke J. Hofmann B. Ondruschka 《Journal of chromatography. A》1996,750(1-2):239-244
In contrast to usability of Curie-point pyrolysis at 700°C directly attached to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for determination of organic wood preservatives in waste wood samples the investigation method reported here consists of thermal desorption at temperatures about 260°C in connection with GC-MS for peak identification or GC with flame ionization detection for quantitative analyses. So-called “modified closeable sampling columns” are used as batch-reactor in thermal desorption experiments. Desorbed vapours can be introduced on capillary columns without sample discrimination and without a disturbing lost of resolution. In this manner a lot of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determinated in waste wood samples, especially in railway sleepers. 相似文献
40.
用环形扩散管和滤纸联用采样技术采集空气中氨和铵盐 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了环形扩散管和滤纸采样夹联用,分形态同时采集空气中所态氨和颗粒态铵盐的方法。在同一气流中,采用涂渍1.5%草酸乙醇水溶液的环形扩散管采集气态氨,用浸渍上述试剂的玻璃纤维纸和慢速定量滤纸分别采集颗粒安和第一层滤纸上的铵盐挥发产生的氨气。用靛酚蓝比色法分别测定氨和铵盐。当采气流速为1.0L/min时,采样效率高于98.2%。将本法测得的氨气和铵盐的总量与标准采样方法的测定结果比较。无显著性差异(P 相似文献