Leray–Hopf solutions to a viscoelastoplastic fluid model with nonsmooth stress–strain relation

We consider a fluid model including viscoelastic and viscoplastic effects. The state is given by the fluid velocity and an internal stress tensor that is transported along the flow with the Zaremba–Jaumann derivative. Moreover, the stress tensor obeys a nonlinear and nonsmooth dissipation law as well as stress diffusion. We prove the existence of global-in-time weak solutions satisfying an energy inequality under general Dirichlet conditions for the velocity field and Neumann conditions for the stress tensor.     

A fixed clustering protocol based on random relay strategy for EHWSN

In Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EHWSN), the communication protocol will directly affect the final performance of the network, so it is necessary to study the communication protocol based on EHWSN. In this paper, for the low-cost fixed clustering problem, a fixed clustering protocol RRCEH is based on random relaying. Our proposed RRCEH abandons the inefficient inter-cluster communication method of the traditional fixed clustering protocol. To coordinate the data upload of the cluster head, RRCEH allocates different random relay vectors to each ring area of the network, and combines all the random relay vectors into a random relay matrix of RRCEH. In each communication round, the cluster head node randomly selects its relay target node to send data according to the probability distribution in the random relay vector in the area. For two different cluster head configuration scenarios, by optimizing the random relay matrix, RRCEH can effectively reduce the network's configuration requirements for cluster head energy harvesting capability, thus reducing the deployment cost of EHWSN.     

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with fixed and adaptive modulation

Activating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in Radio-Frequency (RF) to provide on-demand energy supply to widely deployed Internet of Everything devices is a key to the next-generation energy self-sustainable 6G network. However, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in the same RF bands is challenging. The majority of previous studies compared SWIPT performance to Gaussian signaling with an infinite alphabet, which is impossible to implement in any realistic communication system. In contrast, we study the SWIPT system in a well-known Nakagami-m wireless fading channel using practical modulation techniques with finite alphabet. The attainable rate-energy-reliability tradeoff and the corresponding rationale are revealed for fixed modulation schemes. Furthermore, an adaptive modulation-based transceiver is provided for further expanding the attainable rate-energy-reliability region based on various SWIPT performances of different modulation schemes. The modulation switching thresholds and transmit power allocation at the SWIPT transmitter and the power splitting ratios at the SWIPT receiver are jointly optimized to maximize the attainable spectrum efficiency of wireless information transfer while satisfying the WPT requirement and the instantaneous and average BER constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the SWIPT performance of various fixed modulation schemes in different fading conditions. The advantage of the adaptive modulation-based SWIPT transceiver is validated.     

On the Landau-Teller approximation for energy exchanges with fast degrees of freedom

We revisit the Landau-Teller heuristic approach to adiabatic invariants and, following Rapp, use it to investigate the energy exchanges between the different degrees of freedom, in simple Hamiltonian systems describing the collision of fast rotating or vibrating molecules with a fixed wall. We critically compare the theoretical results with particularly accurate numerical computations (quite small energy exchanges, namely of one part over 10³⁰, are measured).     

气相二茂铁双电荷离子的动能谱研究

The unimolecular charge separation reactions of the doubly charged ions FeC_(10)H_(10)~(2+)、FeC_(10)H_9~(2+)、FeC_(10)H_8~(2+) produced in the ion source by electron impact from ferrocene have been studied using Mass analyzed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry (MIKES) technique. From the values of the kinetic energy releases (T), the intercharge distances (R) of the exploding doubly charged ions in their transition structures have been estimated and some structural informations about the transition states can be obtained. The collision induced reactions of the FeC_(10)H_(10)~(2+) ion with Ar have been studied using MIKES, we postulate a new type of continuing reaction which may be "collisional charge separation induced dissociation".     

Y_2O_3－Nb_2O_5－B_2O_3：Eu~（3＋）·Bi~（3＋）的燐光体的晶体结构与光谱性质

采用常规固相反应于１２００℃下制备了具有褐钇铌矿结构的Ｙ２Ｏ３·Ｎｂ２Ｏ５·Ｂ２Ｏ３（Ｙ（０．９３）Ｅｕ（０．０７））２Ｏ３·Ｎｂ２Ｏ５·Ｂ２Ｏ３和（Ｙ（０．９１）Ｅｕ（０．０７）Ｂｉ０．０２））２Ｏ３·Ｎｂ２Ｏ５·Ｂ２Ｏ３等光体，研究了它们的发光性质：结果表明，在２６８ｎｍ紫外光激发下，由于ＮｂＯ４基团于４１０ｎｍ处发生１Ｔ→１Ａ１跃迁，致使Ｙ２Ｏ５·Ｎｂ２Ｏ５·Ｂ２Ｏ３呈现更亮的紫外发射。体系中的Ｂ２Ｏ３可降低反应温度，增强ＮｂＯ４和Ｅｕ（３＋）的发光强度。（Ｙ（０．０９１）Ｅｕ（０．０７）Ｂｉ（０．０２））２Ｏ３·Ｎｂ２Ｏ５·Ｂ２Ｏ３燐光体系中所观察到的ＮｂＯ４→Ｅｕ（３＋）和Ｂｉ（３＋）→Ｅｕ（３＋）的能量传递使红光发射明显增强。     

Interaction of the excited singlet state of 1,4- and 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene with some organic compounds: A fluorescence-quenching study

Summary The fluoroescence quenching of 1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene (1) and 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene (2) by tetraphenylporpyrin (3), 9,10-diphenylanthracene (4), and 3-cyano-4-phenyl-6-(p-tolyl)-pyridin-2-one (5) has been studied in chloroform solution. The quenching occursvia a resonance energy transfer mechanism. The rate constant for the energy transfer (k _ET) of donor2 is slower than that of1 by the same acceptors, indicating that the steric effect dominates the ionization potential effect in all systems. The calculated critical transfer distances (R ₀) are 17–72 Å. In contrast, charge transfer is the predominant pathway of electronic deexcitation in the fluorescence quenching of donors1 and2 by 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinone-dimethane (6) in chloroform. The roles of temperature and geometrical structure of the donors on the efficiency of fluorescence quenching of1 and2 by acceptor6 have also been studied.

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Wechselwirkung des angeregten Singlett-Zustands von 1,4- und 1,8-Dimethoxynaphthalin mit einigen organischen Verbindungen: eine Untersuchung zur Fluoreszenzlöschung

Zusammenfassung Die Löschung der Fluoreszenz von 1,4-Dimethoxynaphthalin (1) und 1,8-Dimethoxynaphthalin (2) durch Tetraphenylporphyrin (3), 9,10-Diphenylanthracen (4) und 3-Cyano-4-phenyl-6-(p-tolyl)-pyridin-2-on (5) in Chloroform wurde untersucht. Die Löschung verläuft über einen Resonanzenergietransfermechanismus. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante für den Energietransfer (k _ET) ist bei gleichem Akzeptor für den Donor2 niedriger als für1. Daraus läßt sich schließen, daß in allen untersuchten Systemen der sterische Effekt über den Effekt des Ionisierungspotentials dominiert. Die berechneten kritischen Transferdistanzen betragen 17–72 Å. Im Gegensatz zu diesen Beobachtungen verläuft der vorherrschende Relaxationsmechanismus bei der Fluoreszenzlöschung von1 und2 durch 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanochinon-dimethan (6) über einencharge-transfer-Prozeß. Die Einflüsse von Temperatur und Geometrie der Verbindungen auf die Effizienz der Fluoreszenzlöschung von1 und2 durch den Akzeptor6 wurden ebenfalls untersucht.

     

Nonisothermal Kinetics of Sub‐Solidus Phase Transitions in C10Zn,C16Zn and Their Binary System

Nonisothermal kinetics of the solid‐solid phase transition in (n‐C₁₀H₂₁NH₃)₂ZnCl₄(C₁₀Zn), (n‐C₁₆H₃₃NH₃)₂ZnCl₄(C₁₆Zn) and their binary system were determined by Kissinger and Ozawa methods from DSC measurements. The activation energy E_a of the binary system shows a waving dependence on W_C10Zn%, which is caused by not only an intermediate (C₁₀H₂₁NH₃)(n‐C₁₆H₃₃NH₃)ZnCl₄ but also three solid solution ranges (α, β, γ) in the phase diagram of C₁₀Zn‐C₁₆Zn. The variations of the layer d‐spacing are also convenient for the above result.     

Effect of vibrational excitation of HBr on the H+HBr abstraction and exchange reactions

The effect of vibrational excitation of HBr on the H+HBrH₂+Br and H+HBrH+HBr reactions has been investigated on the extended LEPS surface (ELEPS) constructed on the basis of quantum chemically calculated points of PES. Together with this surface the LEPS surface of Sudhakaran and Raff [1] was used for comparison at two relative translational energies. A quasiclassical trajectory method was used to study the abstraction and exchange reaction dynamics. The reactive cross section was calculated as a function of the relative collision energy and the vibrational state of HBr. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the study: (i) vibrational excitation v=0 v=2 more than doubles the reaction cross section, (ii) the increase in the collision energy is most effectively channelled into the product translational energy.Dedicated to Professor J. Koutecký on the occasion of his 65th birthday     

苯并唑类共聚物与共混物的能量转移与激子空间限制研究

通过3-氨基-4-羟基苯甲酸盐酸盐(AHBAH),2,5-二氨基-1,4-苯硫醇盐酸盐(DABDT)和2,5-噻吩二羧酸(TDA)在多聚磷酸中缩聚,合成了一系列不同组成的高、低带隙无规共聚物聚(2,5-苯并噁唑)-co-聚(2,5-噻吩基苯并二噻唑)(ABPBO-co-PBZTT),并制备了一系列由ABPBO和PBZTT组成的共混物.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致荧光光谱研究了聚合物不同组成和结构变化对光物理性能的影响.随着共聚物中PBZTT含量的增加,共聚物的发射波长红移,并发生了明显的ABPBO结构吸收能量向PBZTT转移的现象,共聚物膜的量子效率比纯PBZTT膜的量子效率有明显提高.共混物虽然也发生了能量转移现象,但其更易于形成集聚体,量子效率与纯的PBZTT聚合物相比,并没有明显提高.