全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8402篇 |
免费 | 1132篇 |
国内免费 | 1374篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 5674篇 |
晶体学 | 335篇 |
力学 | 134篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
数学 | 20篇 |
物理学 | 2656篇 |
无线电 | 2078篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 193篇 |
2022年 | 218篇 |
2021年 | 302篇 |
2020年 | 326篇 |
2019年 | 271篇 |
2018年 | 182篇 |
2017年 | 356篇 |
2016年 | 406篇 |
2015年 | 397篇 |
2014年 | 474篇 |
2013年 | 450篇 |
2012年 | 610篇 |
2011年 | 729篇 |
2010年 | 566篇 |
2009年 | 669篇 |
2008年 | 620篇 |
2007年 | 639篇 |
2006年 | 577篇 |
2005年 | 493篇 |
2004年 | 427篇 |
2003年 | 322篇 |
2002年 | 230篇 |
2001年 | 237篇 |
2000年 | 160篇 |
1999年 | 138篇 |
1998年 | 123篇 |
1997年 | 129篇 |
1996年 | 111篇 |
1995年 | 117篇 |
1994年 | 63篇 |
1993年 | 48篇 |
1992年 | 63篇 |
1991年 | 46篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 31篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 353 毫秒
21.
以铝酸镧(001)单晶为基片,采用两步法制备Tl2Ba2CaCu2Oy(Tl 2212)高 温超导薄膜.首先,利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)工艺沉积Ba2CaCu2Ox非晶前驱体薄膜;然后,前驱体薄膜在高温(720—850℃)下密封钢容器里铊化结晶形成Tl 2212薄膜.XRD结果表明Tl2212 薄膜是沿c轴方向生长的,其相组成为Tl 2212,摇摆曲线(0012)的半高宽为0.72° ,SEM图像显示其表面光滑平整,其零电阻温度为106.2K.
关键词:
Tl 2212超导薄膜
脉冲激光沉积 相似文献
22.
用改进的离子束增强沉积方法和恰当的退火从V2O5粉末直接制备了VO2多晶薄膜.实验测试表明,薄膜的取向单一、相变特性显著、结构致密、界面结合牢固、工艺性能良好,薄膜的电阻温度系数(TCR)最高可达4.23%/K.从成膜机理出发,较详细地讨论了离子束增强沉积 VO2多晶薄膜的TCR高于VOx薄膜的TCR的原因.分析认为,单一取向的VO2结构使薄膜晶粒具有较高的电导激活能,致密的薄膜结构减少了氧空位和晶界宽度,使离子束增强沉积 VO2多晶薄膜结构比其他方法制备的VOx薄膜更接近于单晶VO2是其具有高TCR的原
关键词:
VO2多晶薄膜
离子束增强沉积
热电阻温度系数 相似文献
23.
研究了不同衬底-阴极距离、直流电压和H2流量对a-CH薄膜沉积速率的影响。结果表明:衬底-阴极距离必须大于0.5cm,随着该距离的增加,薄膜的沉积速率减少;直流电压达550V时沉积速率最大;随着H2含量的增加,CH4含量相对减少,沉积速率随之降低。用AFM观察了以该方法制得的448.4nm CH薄膜的表面形貌,表面粗糙度约为10nm。最后测出了不同条件下CH薄膜的UV-VIS谱,由此可以计算得到薄膜的禁带宽度及折射率。 相似文献
24.
25.
综述了国外离子束刻蚀和沉积系统的研究进展,指出了离子束系统在半导体技术研究,开发和生产中的重要性。 相似文献
26.
The electrochemical oxidation of 1, 3-benzenedithiol was investigated in a 0. 100 mol/L tetrabutylammonium perchlorate/acetonitrile electrolyte. The electrochemical techniques used were potential sweep, bulk electrolysis, rotating disc and the potential step method. The combination of the techniques yielded the number of electrons transferred per molecule, the reaction order, the transfer coefficient, the diffusion coefficient and concentration of dithiol anions, the standard heterogeneous rate constant as well as the formal potential and equilibrium constant of the preceeding dissociation reaction. This paper also illustrates the methods for studying the electrode kinetics of reactions which (a) involve a chemical reaction preceeding the electron-transfer process, (b) have insoluble polymer products, and (c) are totally irreversible. 相似文献
27.
C. Guillermier 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(19):6644-6647
The yield of CN from glycine rises from one CN per projectile impact to two when the sample is covered with a nominally 1 nm thick layer of silver. These yields were obtained for bombardment with Au4004+ projectile with 136 keV impact energy. A multitude of CN-based clusters, e.g. AgxOy(CN)z are produced concurrently. As a result, a total of three CN-based secondary ions are generated per projectile impact. The exceptionally high yield for CN is of interest for biological SIMS. 相似文献
28.
Tony Donnelly 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(13):4445-4448
Ultra-thin (0.5-5 nm) films of Ag have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition in vacuum using a 26 ns KrF excimer laser at 1 J cm−2. The deposition was controlled using a Langmuir ion probe and a quartz crystal thickness monitor. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the films are not continuous, but are structured on nanometer size scales. Optical absorption spectra showed the expected surface plasmon resonance feature, which shifted to longer wavelength and increased in strength as the equivalent film thickness was increased. It is shown that Maxwell Garnett effective medium theory can be used to calculate the main features of optical absorption spectra. 相似文献
29.
Dendritic nanocrystalline CdS film was deposited at liquid-liquid interface of surfactants and an electrolyte containing 4 mmol L−1 cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and 16 mmol L−1 thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) with an initial pH value of 5 at 15 °C by electrochemical synthesis. The nanofilm was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The surface morphology and particle size of the nanofilm were investigated by AFM, SEM and TEM, and the crystalline size was 30-50 nm. The thickness of the nanofilm calculated by optical absorption spectrum was 80 nm. The microstructure and composition of the nanofilm was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), showing its polycrystalline structure consisting of CdS and Cd. Optical properties of the nanofilm were investigated systematically by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. A λonset blue shift compared with bulk CdS was observed in the absorption spectra. Fluorescence spectra of the nanofilm indicated that the CdS nanofilm emitted blue and green light. The nanocomposites film electrode will bring about anodic photocurrent during illumination, showing that the transfer of cavities produces photocurrent. 相似文献
30.
The Li oxides species formed on Li over-deposited V2O5 thin film surfaces have been studied by using X-ray and UV induced photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS). The photoelectron spectroscopic data show that the Li over-deposited V2O5 system itself is not stable. Further chemical decomposition reactions are taken place even under UHV conditions and lead to form Li2O and Li2O2 compounds on the surface. The formation of Li2O2 causes to arise an emission line at about 11.3 eV in the valence band spectra. 相似文献