低轨卫星直扩通信系统快速码捕获算法的设计

直接序列扩频用于低轨卫星通信可以解决抗敌意干扰问题,但多普勒频移下码捕获是需要解决的关键技术。基于离散时间信号处理分析了多普勒频差对码捕获性能的影响,给出部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合的码捕获算法原理。针对大频差、长地址码直扩系统的快速码捕获问题,提出了一种二次部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合算法的实现方案,在考虑捕获性能与实现复杂度之间的折衷上,具有很强的灵活性。     

一种新型的多普勒调制技术

在传统的斩波器调制技术中,被测对象“被动”地接受外来调制光的照射,由于这种照射一般要经过一定的光学系统来完成,因此,调制照射发生在每一个光束经过的光学元件上,这些元件必定会存在某些加工缺陷,从而产生与调制照射同频率、固定位相差的杂散信号,只要这些信号在探测器的视场里,就会形成背景干扰,从而降低信噪比。利用MichelsonM-orley动态干涉技术,建立了一套基于Doppler频移原理的调制器。与传统的调制技术相比,多普勒调制技术是将被测目标自身运动产生的多普勒频移在干涉仪光路中造成的干涉场的交替变化作为调制频率来实现光的调制,可以有效地消除目标以外一切背景因光调制而产生的噪声影响,极大地改善微弱信号探测的信噪比。实验结果表明:调制信号频率稳定度(相对标准差)可达到±1%左右,能满足锁相放大器参考信号的需要。     

Assessment of mitral regurgitation by magnetic resonance imaging

To evaluate the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection and quantification of mitral regurgitation, 26 pts. with echocardiographically or angiographically documented mitral regurgitation were examined using a 0.5 Tesla superconducting magnet. In each patient a multislice-multiphase study in a sagittal-coronal double angulated projection (four-chamber view equivalent) was performed to assess left and right ventricular volumes, ejection fraction and regurgitant fraction. Additionally a blood flow sensitive cine-study (fast field echo: FFE) was done to visualize direction and area of regurgitant jet. MRI data were compared with quantitative and qualitative assessment of mitral regurgitation by angiography, 2D echocardiography, Doppler sonography and color flow mapping. Using the FFE mode MRI was able to detect the regurgitant jet as a typical signal loss within the left atrium in all patients. The ratio of regurgitant jet area/left atrium area as determined by MRI showed a correlation with a comparable ratio from color Doppler sonography of R = 0.87 (p < 0.001). There was also good agreement in semiquantitative grading of mitral regurgitation between MRI and angiography (R = 0.77, p < 0.001). The determination of left and right ventricular stroke volume allowed the calculation of the regurgitant fraction, which showed a correlation with invasively determined regurgitation fraction of R = 0.84 (p < 0.001). These data provide additional information that MRI may be useful as a noninvasive technique to detect and quantify mitral regurgitation.     

单频GPS导航定位中的电离层延迟改正方法

电离层延迟是单频ＧＰＡ导航定位的主要误差源之一。本文提出了一种利用单频ＧＰＳ接收伪码载波相位实时观测数据实时估计和改正电离层延迟的方法，着重阐述了利用局部电离层垂直延迟模型和实时观测数据确定载波相位整周模糊度的步骤，并讨论了该电离层改正方法的优缺点和应用前景。     

Gribov ambiguity in gauge theories

Gribov ambiguity in gauge field theories is discussed and it is shown that such an ambiguity exists even for Abelian theories in covariant gauge at finite temperature. Both geometric and algebraic proofs are presented. In view of the importance of non-perturbative methods, some special gauges are given in which such ambiguities do not exist or are not relevant. The significance of these in the study of confinement in QCD is pointed out.     

潮流推算在港口雷达海杂波处理中的应用

利用潮流推算的方法求得海水流速,再利用海水流速得到其所对应的多普勒频率,即海杂波所对应的频率,进而运用多普勒杂波处理的方法对海杂波进行处理。但是这种方法不能将相对于海水流速接近为零的目标检测出来,因此它不能独立地在雷达中完成目标检测的任务,但是却可以作为提高发现概率的有益补充。最后给出了系统框图,并对这种方法进行了评估。     

Non-contacting laser based displacement measurements from solid objects

This note reports a laser Doppler interferometer for measuring the axial motion of solid targets which have had no prior preparation. Both magnitude and sense of motion are measured to a resolution at least 0.316 μm usinga passive optical system and simple signal processing, making the device relatively cheap to construct. Results indicate that the LDI is capable of good linearity over a substantial range of target amplitudes and has a reasonable degree of immunity from speckle effects.     

Reconstruction and interpretation of photon Doppler velocimetry spectrum for ejecta particles from shock-loaded sample in vacuum

The photon Doppler velocimetry(PDV) spectrum is investigated in an attempt to reveal the particle parameters of ejecta from shock-loaded samples in a vacuum. A GPU-accelerated Monte–Carlo algorithm, which considers the multiplescattering effects of light, is applied to reconstruct the light field of the ejecta and simulate the corresponding PDV spectrum.The influence of the velocity profile, total area mass, and particle size of the ejecta on the simulated spectra is discussed qualitatively. To facilitate a quantitative discussion, a novel theoretical optical model is proposed in which the singlescattering assumption is applied. With this model, the relationships between the particle parameters of ejecta and the peak information of the PDV spectrum are derived, enabling direct extraction of the particle parameters from the PDV spectrum.The values of the ejecta parameters estimated from the experimental spectrum are in good agreement with those measured by a piezoelectric probe.     

激光多普勒测速技术在气液两相流中的应用

本文采用激光颗粒动态分析仪(PDA)测量了钢包底部喷吹气液两相流中气泡的直径和气泡上升速度的分布;采用激光多普勒测速仪(LDA)测量了气液两相区和液体单相循环区液体速度场的分布。测量结果表明:气泡在脱离喷嘴上浮一定距离后,其大小基本保持不变;在气液两相区中,气泡速度和液体速度的分布均服从高斯分布;液体在单相区作循环流动,在侧壁与底部交接处,存在液体流动的“死区”。     

基于多普勒效应的脱靶量测量技术应用

基于多普勒效应的脱靶量测量系统可以测量出遭遇段弹目相对距离和相对运动轨迹,评估武器引战配合能力和判定杀伤效果是鉴定精确制导武器系统性能的重要测量手段。通过研究基于多普勒效应的脱靶量测量系技术工作原理,将该测量系统应用于导弹射击试验中,获得了遭遇段弹目相对距离和相对运动轨迹,对导弹性能评估给出了定量分析。