AM1 study of photoelectron spectra.

The -orbital structure of the monomeric form of the 2,2,4,6-tetrachloro-2,2-dihydro-1,5,2-diazaphosphorinine has been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and using quantum-chemical calculations by the semiempirical AM1 method. It has been concluded that the electronic and energy characteristics of four higher -MOs (frontier and three next orbitals) of this compound may be interpreted in terms of semipolar bonds formed by three atoms (C, P, and N). For describing two low-lying -MOs of the ⁴,⁵-phosphorine studied, it is necessary to take into account the --interaction.For Part 8, see Ref. 1.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 827–831, April, 1996.     

含茂钛低聚物的制备与光谱

文中报道两种新的含茂钛低钛物Cp_2Ti(Cl)-O-[-Ti(Cp)(O_2CCH_4CH-O)-O-]n-H(Ⅰ)与Cp_2Ti(Cl)-O-[-Ti(Cp)(O_2CCH_2CH)-O-]_u-H(Ⅰ)的制备并用元素分析和光谱(IR,1~H NMR,MS)对它们进行了鉴定。     

Optical Properties of Model Compounds of Polyaniline

The UV and visible spectra of six model compounds were studied. These compounds can be considered as models of polyaniline in the reduced, cation radical, partially oxidized and oxidized forms. After treatment of a mixture of equal molar quantities of the reduced form (DPPD) and the oxidized form (QDIM) with acid, the following reaction was observed: DPPD(I)+QDIM(III)+2H⁺=2DPPD⁺(II) After similar treatment of the partially oxidized form (V) with acid, the radical cation salt formed. The UV and visible spectra of polyaniline in the reduced form, oxidized form and conductive form are similar to the spectra of DPPD, QDIM and DPPD⁺ or radical cation salt of V respectively. We propose that the polyaniline synthesized by chemical oxidation of aniline consists of oxidized and reduced repeat units. Upon protonation a redox reaction (or electron rearrangement) occurs and forms delocalized radical cations (polarons) in the polymer chain which are highly conductive.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of K2Ta2S10: A novel ternary tantalum polysulfide with TaS8 polyhedra forming infinite anionic chains

The new ternary alkali tantalum polysulfide K₂Ta₂S₁₀ has been synthesized by reacting TaS₂ with an in situ formed melt of K₂S₃ and S at 773 K. The compound crystallizes with four formula units in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n (No. 14) with lattice parameters of . The structure contains two different zigzag chain anions [TaS₅]⁻, running parallel to the crystallographic b-axis separated by potassium cations. The two crystallographically independent tantalum atoms are in a distorted bi-capped trigonal prismatic environment of eight sulfur atoms which was never observed before. The TaS₈ polyhedra share three S atoms on each side to form the anionic chains. The compound was characterized with FIR and Raman spectroscopy.     

Direct Electrochemistry of Multi‐Copper Oxidases at Carbon Nanotubes Noncovalently Functionalized with Cellulose Derivatives

This study describes the direct electron transfer of multi‐copper oxidases, i.e., laccase (from Trametes versicolor) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD, from Myrothecium verrucaria) at multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) noncovalently functionalized with biopolymers of cellulose derivatives, i.e., hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), methyl cellulose (MC), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The functionalization of the MWNTs with the cellulose derivatives is found to substantially solubilize the MWNTs into aqueous media and to avoid their aggregation on electrode surface. Under anaerobic conditions, the redox properties of laccase and BOD are difficult to be defined with cyclic voltammetry at either laccase/MWNT‐modified or BOD/MWNT‐modified electrodes. The direct electron transfer properties of laccase and BOD are thus studied in terms of the bioelectrocatalytic activities of the laccase/MWNT‐modified and BOD/MWNT‐modified electrodes toward the reduction of oxygen and found to be facilitated at the functionalized MWNTs. The possible application of the laccase‐catalyzed O₂ reduction at the laccase/MWNT‐modified electrode is illustrated by constructing a CNT‐based ascorbate/O₂ biofuel cell with the MWNT‐modified electrode as the anode for the oxidation of ascorbate biofuel.     

Degradation in gain for a free electron laser amplifier due to electron momentum spread

A finite spread in axial momentum for the electron beam in a free electron laser amplifier is shown to decrease the small-signal gain. For millimeter and sub-millimeter wave amplifiers, where exponential growth dominates the gain, it is shown that the gain is approximately 3 db below that for a cold beam if the relative momentum spread (u/u)_1/2 = (G_o/248)^1/2 (_o/L), where G_o1 is the gain in db for the cold-beam case, _o is the magnetic wiggler period, and L is the amplifier length. Exact numerical examples are given for representative FEL amplifiers at 35 and 550 GHz.This research was sponsored by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, and by the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation.     

语音增强用于坦克驾驶舱内无线语音通信

讨论了一种基于传统谱相减算法的改进方法。利用语音的短时平稳性,通过先验幅度比来连续更新噪声谱的估计,从而代替复杂的VAD(话音活性检测)。计算机仿真结果表明,这种改进方法有效抑制了噪声干扰,语音得到了增强,在极大地提高信噪比的同时,将残留的音乐噪声和语音失真保持在人耳听觉容忍的范围以内,从而较好的保持了语音自然度。     

异步电动机直接转矩控制中的死区效应的仿真研究

逆变器是直接转矩控制系统主电路中的关键部件。逆变器死区的设置虽然防止了逆变器器件的直通,同时也带来了死区效应,特别是对直接转矩控制系统的影响更是明显。本文通过分析异步电动机直接转矩控制系统中死区的生成及死区对电动机和整个系统的影响,定义了偏差电压矢量,并在此基础上,提出了一种死区补偿分析算法。该方法不需附加硬件,只需对原控制软件进行修改。仿真结果显示,在直接转矩控制系统中加入死区补偿,能有效改进电动机定子电流波形,使转矩脉动减小,整个系统的运行性能得到了一定的改善。     

基于系统调用特征的入侵检测研究

对网络服务程序进行攻击是非法用户入侵系统的主要途径 ,针对关键程序的入侵检测近年来受到重视 .该文提出的CTBIDS检测模型在利用系统调用特征树描述程序行为特征的基础上 ,通过异常有限积累判别程序入侵 ,既能体现异常状况的长期积累 ,也能很好地反映入侵的异常局部性原理 .此外 ,该文通过统计分析方法确定入侵判别参数 ,使得入侵判别更加准确 .测试及试用结果表明CTBIDS能有效检测出针对关键程序的攻击     

高精度测量F-P标准具间距的光谱方法

利用高分辨率光谱分析仪对空气隙F P标准具透射谐振峰频率进行测量 ,然后通过直线拟合获得自由谱域 ,从而计算得出F P标准具的间距。对F P标准具间距测量的精度进行分析 ,F P标准具间距测量的相对误差为2× 10 -3 。提出了一种新颖的入射光与F P标准具垂直的精确调节方法