Computational Modeling of Organizations Comes of Age

As they are maturing—i.e., as they are becoming validated, calibrated and refined—computational emulation models of organizations are evolving into: powerful new kinds of organizational design tools for predicting and mitigating organizational risks; and flexible new kinds of organizational theorem-provers for validating extant organization theory and developing new theory. Over the past 50 years, computational modeling and simulation have had enormous impacts on the rate of advancement of knowledge in fields like physics, chemistry and, more recently, biology; and their subsequent application has enabled whole new areas of engineering practice. In the same way, as our young discipline comes of age, computational organizational models are beginning to impact behavioral, organizational and economic science, and management consulting practice. This paper attempts to draw parallels between computational modeling in natural sciences and computational modeling of organizations as a contributor to both social science and management practice.To illustrate the lifecycle of a computational organizational model that is now relatively mature, this paper traces the evolution of the Virtual Design Team (VDT) computational modeling and simulation research project at Stanford University from its origins in 1988 to the present. It lays out the steps in the process of validating VDT as a computational emulation model of organizations to the point that VDT began to influence management practice and, subsequently, to advance organizational science. We discuss alternate research trajectories that can be taken by computational and mathematical modelers who prefer the typical natural science validation trajectory—i.e., who attempt to impact organizational science first and, perhaps subsequently, to impact management practice.The paper concludes with a discussion of the current state-of-the-art of computational modeling of organizations and some thoughts about where, and how rapidly, the field is headed.     

一种有效的八位MCU桶形移位器 BIST 电路

针对8位微控制器（MCU）数据通道中桶形移位器的可测试性问题，提出了一种新颖的确定性内置自测试（BIST）电路设计方案，并对其进行了验证。该方案采用5个D触发器，在16个测试时钟周期内产生16个测试矢量，可完成对8位桶形移位器100％故障覆盖率测试。本论文的电路设计方案也可应用于一般2^N位（N≥4）桶形移位器的可测试设计。     

Active mode leakage reduction using fine-grained forward body biasing strategy

Leakage power minimization has become an important issue with technology scaling. Variable threshold voltage schemes have become popular for standby power reduction. In this work we look at another emerging aspect of this potent problem which is leakage power reduction in active mode of operation. In gate level circuits, a large number of gates are not switching in active mode at any given point in time but nevertheless are consuming leakage power. We propose a fine-grained forward body biasing (FBB) scheme for active mode leakage power reduction in gate level circuits without any delay penalty. Our results show that our optimal polynomial time FBB allocation algorithm results in 70.2% reduction in leakage currents. We also present an exact standard-cell placement driven FBB allocation algorithm that effectively reduces the area penalty using the post-placement area slack and results in 56.5%, 62.8% and 66.1% reduction in leakage currents for 0%, 4% and 8% area slack, respectively. Furthermore, we present a heuristic to solve the standard-cell placement driven FBB allocation problem that is computationally efficient and results in leakage within 2% of that from the exact formulation.     

通用变频器散热系统设计

本文首先介绍了通用变频器的常用散热疗法,随后给出了散热器的热阻计算及散热器的选择原则,最后在实际应用中验证了设计方法的可行有效。     

MPEG-4视频编码技术及其在多媒体通信中的应用

本文较为详细地介绍了MPEG－4视频编码的主要技术及其功能与特点，并基于此标准提出了一个基于Internet网络的多媒体通信系统的设计方案。     

GL算法在股指期货投资中的应用

文章对于证券市场这样的复杂数据系统,通过运用GL算法的5个指标,对股指期货的标的物沪深300指数进行了实证研究。研究表明,GL算法的5个指标,能够揭示指数现货市场的偏离、风险以及稳定性;通过SAS软件数据模拟,发现这5个指标能够很好的捕捉沪深300指数趋势的转变,对股指期货的实际操作具有很强的指导意义。     

高功率速调管聚焦磁场设计研究

 国产45 MW速调管是在原国产30 MW HK-1型速调管的基础上改进和发展起来的,其聚焦磁场设计也是参照30 MW速调管聚焦磁场设计并在其基础上加工改造完成。为此必须对旧聚焦系统进行改造,设计出符合需要的磁场分布,以满足45 MW速调管工作的需要。首先从理论上找出速调管工作时的理想磁场值,根据该磁场分布设计出相应的线圈结构;其次根据45 MW速调管的结构尺寸,对30 MW速调管的线圈支架进行改造,利用旧线圈和新支架组成新的聚焦系统;最后,根据理论模拟和测试结果,调整和优化各组线圈的电流值,给出速调管工作时的各组聚焦电源运行参考值。叙述了新聚焦线圈的理论设计和测试分析,包括新线圈支架的设计、水冷系统与线圈的结构安排和整体的测试结果,最后根据速调管高功率测试运行状态给出速调管工作时的聚焦线圈电流的参考值。     

固相萃取人体血液中安定条件的统计学筛选与响应面优化

采用Plackett-Buman(P-B)法和中心复合设计(Central Composite Design,简称CCD)对影响固相萃取安定的6个因素进行筛选优化。P-B实验设计与统计学分析表明:pH、上样速度、洗脱液用量是影响回收率的3个关键因素。以回收率为响应目标,对3因素进行中心复合设计,并经响应面法优化分析得到影响回收率的二阶模型,确定了安定萃取实验的最优操作条件:pH10.20,上样速度0.67 mL/min,洗脱液用量2.60 mL,实测回收率达到91.26%。在0.10～10.00μg/mL的范围内本方法线性良好(R2>0.99),检测限为0.07μg/mL,日内和日间相对标准偏差(RSD)<10%,准确度(RE)<±6.0%。     

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通过计算得出EAST快动探针交换装置所用材料的理论厚度,运用CATIA绘图软件建立交换装置4mm盒形和筒形结构设计模型。将模型导入ANSYS软件进行前期处理和网格划分,运用有限元法对模型进行整体强度分析,获得了最大应力和应变数据。通过增加设计壁厚,建立了5mm不带加强筋筒形和盒形结构进行了有限元分析。通过对分析结果的优化和比较,得到5mm筒形不带加强筋方案的最大应力和应变最小,结构设计最优。最后,对模型制造了预研件并进行真空捡漏测试,测试结果满足设计要求。