基于电机温度时滞耦合系统的自抗扰控制研究

电机过热时会造成绕组绝缘降低,严重时会烧坏电机。由于电机温度存在较大的时滞性和耦合性,无法用准确的数学控制模型进行描述。传统的双通道PID控制算法降低了对电机温度的控制精度,导致电机过热。提出一种基于自抗扰控制算法（ADRC）的电机温度控制方法,以双通道PID控制方法为基础进行了改进,对内外扰动进行综合处理,对扩张状态观测器进行估计,并在反馈中引入非线性特性。利用Matlab平台模拟实验环境和实际电机,与传统的PID控制算法进行了仿真实验对比。结果表明,自抗扰控制算法能够有效的对电机温度进行解耦控制,实现了对电机温度的精确控制。     

WLAN中合作式功率控制算法研究

在WLAN中,延迟有限,网络整体消耗能量最小化的功率控制算法研究较少。对于该问题进行建模分析,通过理论推导,将该非凸优化问题转化成广义几何规划问题。经过分析,将问题近似为线性规划,并给出全局优化算法。对于WLAN中,多个无线接入设备在一定传输时间内的信道情况进行预测,给出延迟有限能量最小化的集中式在线算法。实验结果显示,采用提出的信道预测方法,在线算法的计算结果与集中式算法结果较为接近。     

Model and Simulation of Multipath Error in DLL for GPS Receiver

Although different multipath error models of Delay lock loop （DLL） used in GPS receiver are established, they have never been put together for comparison. Furthermore, no universal simulation method is developed to get a fair comparison among these models. A new model with implicate expression is hence proposed for the coherent DLL and the noncoherent Dot-product （DOT） power mode DLL. Meanwhile, a new simulation method based on the anonymous function in Matlab, which is especially suitable for models with implicit expressions is also proposed to compare the new model with the existing ones. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the existing models are the special case of the proposed one. The new simulation method can be used for the comparison of different multipath error models and the multipath error analysis of other DLLs for which only the implicit model is available.     

Simulating and modeling the breakdown voltage in a semi-insulating GaAs P+N junction diode

This work aims to determine the characteristic PN junction diode, subject to a reverse polarization, while I （breakdown voltage） of the inverse current in a GaAs specifying the parameters that influence the breakdown voltage of the diode. In this work, we simulated the behavior of the ionization phenomenon by impact breakdown by avalanche of the PN junctions, subject to an inverse polarization. We will take into account both the trapping model in a stationary regime in the P＋N structure using like material of basis the Ⅲ-Ⅴ compounds and mainly the GaAs semi-insulating in which the deep centers have in important densities. We are talking about the model of trapping in the space charge region （SCR） and that is the trap density donor and acceptor states. The carrier crossing the space charge region （SCR） of W thickness creates N electron-hole pairs： for every created pair, the electron and the hole are swept quickly by the electric field, each in an opposite direction, which comes back, according to an already accepted reasoning, to the crossing of the space charge region （SCR） by an electron or a hole. So the even N pair created by the initial particle provoke N2 ionizations and so forth. The study of the physical and electrical behaviour of semiconductors is based on the influence of the presence of deep centers on the characteristic I（V） current-tension, which requires the calculation of the electrostatic potential, the electric field, the integral of ionization, the density of the states traps, the diffusion current of minority in the regions （1） and （3）, the current thermal generation in the region （2）, the leakage current in the surface, and the breakdown voltage.     

基于非局部低秩和加权全变分的图像压缩感知重构算法

为准确有效地实现自然图像的压缩感知(CS)重构,该文提出一种基于图像非局部低秩(NLR)和加权全变分(WTV)的CS重构算法。该算法考虑图像的非局部自相似性(NSS)和局部光滑特性,对传统的全变分(TV)模型进行改进,只对图像的高频分量设置权重,并用一种差分曲率的边缘检测算子来构造权重系数。此外,算法以改进的TV模型与NLR模型为约束构建优化模型,并分别采用光滑非凸函数和软阈值函数来求解低秩和全变分优化问题,很好地利用了图像的自身性质,保护了图像的细节信息,并提高了算法的抗噪性和适应性。仿真结果表明,与基于NLR的CS算法相比,相同采样率下,该文所提算法的峰值信噪比最高可提高2.49 dB,且抗噪性更强,验证了算法的有效性。     

考虑偏置温度不稳定性的软差错率分析

纳米工艺下,老化效应与软差错共同引发的集成电路可靠性问题至关重要。该文分析偏置温度不稳定性(BTI),包括负偏置温度不稳定性(NBTI)和正偏置温度不稳定性(PBTI)对软差错率的影响,提出从关键电荷值和延迟两个因素综合考虑。首先分析BTI效应下两个因素如何变化,推导了延迟受BTI影响的变化模型,介绍关键电荷的变化机理。然后探讨将两个因素结合到软差错率(SER)评估中,推导了融入关键电荷值的SER计算模型,提出将延迟的变化导入到电气屏蔽中的方法。基于ISCAS89基准电路上的实验验证了综合两种因素考虑BTI效应评估SER的有效性和准确性。     

计算机统一设备架构加速外部计算机断层图像重建

外部计算机断层成像(CT)重建主要用于重建管状物(如管道)的管壁截面图像,具有重要的实际意义。外部CT重建算法中,带子区域平均图像总变差最小的凸集投影(SA-TVM-POCS)重建数值算法可以得到高质量的CT图像,可用于管道的无损检测。但由于在实现过程中计算量较大,阻碍了其在一些时间要求较高环境中的应用。计算机统一设备架构(Computer Unified Device Architecture, CUDA)是近几年发展起来的解决高强度计算的有效工具之一,该文利用CUDA的高强度并行计算性能,提高外部CT问题SA-TVM-POCS算法的速度,从而增加该算法的应用范围;为充分利用CUDA其高强度数据级并行计算能力,该文改进了SA-TVM-POCS算法的实现过程以适应CUDA的并行计算架构。实验结果表明,该文方法可以在重建图像质量没有下降的情况下,加速比达到20倍以上;所以,利用CUDA可以加快SA-TVM-POCS算法的计算速度。