Effects of ultrasonic agitation on adhesion strength of micro electroforming Ni layer on Cu substrate

Micro electroforming is an important technology, which is widely used for fabricating micro metal devices in MEMS. The micro metal devices have the problem of poor adhesion strength, which has dramatically influenced the dimensional accuracy of the devices and seriously limited the development of the micro electroforming technology. In order to improve the adhesion strength, ultrasonic agitation method is applied during the micro electroforming process in this paper. To explore the effect of the ultrasonic agitation, micro electroforming experiments were carried out under ultrasonic and ultrasonic-free conditions. The effects of the ultrasonic agitation on the micro electroforming process were investigated by polarization and alternating current (a.c.) impedance methods. The real surface area of the electroforming layer was measured by cyclic voltammetry method. The compressive stress and the crystallite size of the electroforming layer were measured by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The adhesion strength of the electroforming layer was measured by scratch test. The experimental results show that the imposition of the ultrasonic agitation decreases the polarization overpotential and increases the charge transfer process at the electrode–electrolyte interface during the electroforming process. The ultrasonic agitation increases the crystallite size and the real surface area, and reduces the compressive stress. Then the adhesion strength is improved about 47% by the ultrasonic agitation in average. In addition, mechanisms of the ultrasonic agitation improving the adhesion strength are originally explored in this paper. The mechanisms are that the ultrasonic agitation increases the crystallite size, which reduces the compressive stress. The lower the compressive stress is, the larger the adhesion strength is. Furthermore, the ultrasonic agitation increases the real surface area, enhances the mechanical interlocking strength and consequently increases the adhesion strength. This work contributes to fabricating the electroforming layer with large adhesion strength.     

基于扰动的结合Off-grid目标的层析SAR三维成像方法

层析合成孔径雷达(TomoSAR)通过组合在不同高度上获取的多基线二维SAR数据,实现合成孔径雷达的三维成像.TomoSAR的求解本质是一维谱估计问题,基于压缩感知的方法可以在非均匀分布的少量基线观测下实现求解,逐渐成为了主流的成像方式.在经典的压缩感知算法流程中,需要将连续的高程向划分成固定的网格,并且假定目标正好位...     

混沌模拟信息转换——基于多射法的稀疏信号重构

混沌压缩采样是应用混沌系统实现非线性测量的压缩采样理论。该文研究模拟信号的混沌压缩采样-混沌模拟信息转换。该转换通过稀疏信号激励混沌系统,低速采样系统输出实现;信号重构则以混沌系统参数估计理论为基础,通过稀疏正则化的非线性最小二乘问题进行求解。该文将多射法(MS)与迭代再加权非线性最小二乘算法(IRNLS)结合,给出混沌模拟信息转换的MS-IRNLS信号重构算法。文中以Lorenz系统为例,仿真验证了MS-IRNLS算法的重构性能,结果表明方法的有效性。     

Image decoding optimization based on compressive sensing

Transform-based image codec follows the basic principle: the reconstructed quality is decided by the quantization level. Compressive sensing (CS) breaks the limit and states that sparse signals can be perfectly recovered from incomplete or even corrupted information by solving convex optimization. Under the same acquisition of images, if images are represented sparsely enough, they can be reconstructed more accurately by CS recovery than inverse transform. So, in this paper, we utilize a modified TV operator to enhance image sparse representation and reconstruction accuracy, and we acquire image information from transform coefficients corrupted by quantization noise. We can reconstruct the images by CS recovery instead of inverse transform. A CS-based JPEG decoding scheme is obtained and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods significantly improve the PSNR and visual quality of reconstructed images compared with original JPEG decoder.     

基于压缩感知的双通道SAR地面运动目标检测方法研究

针对目前双通道SAR地面运动目标检测(GMTI)方法采样数据量过大的问题,该文提出一种基于压缩感知的双通道SAR运动目标检测方法。该方法首先沿方位向进行随机稀疏采样得到双通道原始回波数据,然后通过匹配滤波方法实现距离向聚焦,并利用压缩感知技术实现方位聚焦,最后运用传统相位中心偏置天线(DPCA)技术进行杂波抑制。通过公式推导从理论上分析了该算法利用双通道方位稀疏采样数据实现杂波抑制的可行性,同时详细分析了运动参数对目标成像的影响。仿真与实测数据实验表明该算法在方位向欠采样情况下仍具有良好的杂波抑制性能。     

压缩传感条件下红外和可见光图像融合技术的研究

为了提高夜间对目标的识别能力,红外和可见光图像融合技术被广泛应用到夜视系统中。使用压缩传感技术可以通过获取信号的少量线性投影来保留信号的完整信息,解决红外成像中红外探测器件与图像分辨率之间的矛盾。以压缩传感测量值作为图像内容特征,直接进行图像融合,可以减少重构误差和计算量。因此本文提出一种压缩传感条件下的红外和可见光图像融合算法。首先,本文算法同时考虑融合图像和原始图像的相似度和对原始图像特征的保留程度,提出一个新颖的代价函数。然后,采用L₁范数优化求解该代价函数,得到融合图像对应的稀疏系数。最后,利用字典和该稀疏系数重构为融合图像。通过和几种压缩传感条件下的融合算法比较,可以看出本文算法在主观视觉效果和客观评价方面均具有显著优势。该算法为压缩传感条件下的图像融合提供一种新的有效手段。      

AlN:Cr thin films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition: Studies by X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic ellipsometry

The structure and optical properties of AlN thin films doped with Cr atoms were studied by X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry analyses. The films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition from an AlN:Cr (10% Cr) target onto Si(1 0 0) wafers in vacuum at residual pressure of 10⁻³ Pa or in nitrogen at a dynamic pressure of 0.1 Pa. The study of the XRD patterns revealed that both phases co-existed in the synthesized films and that the amorphous one was prevalent. Two different amorphous matrices, i.e. two types of chemical bond arrangements, were found in films deposited at 0.1 Pa N₂. By difference, deposition in vacuum resulted in the coexistence of hexagonal and cubic crystallites embedded into an amorphous matrix. The introduction of Cr atoms into the AlN lattice causes a broadening of the IR spectrum along with the shift toward higher wavenumbers of the characteristic Al-N bands at 2351 cm⁻¹ and 665 cm⁻¹, respectively. This was related to the generation of a compressive stress inside films. In comparison to the optical constants of pure AlN films, the synthesized AlN:Cr films exhibited a smaller refractive index and showed a weak absorption throughout the 300-800 nm spectral region, characteristic to amorphous AlN structure.     

In-situ Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hydroxyapatite Composite Hydrogel by Freezing-thawing Method

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/hydroxyapatite(PVA/HA) composite hydrogel was successfully in-situ synthesized via three cycles of freezing-thawing. The composition and structure of products were investigated by X-ray diffraction( XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The influence of different preparation methods and contents of material on the mechanical properties of PVA/HA composite hydrogel was discussed through tensile and compressive tests. The template of PVA could avoid the agglomeration of HA particles, which improves the mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel effectively. The tensile strength, modulus and compressive performances of the PVA/HA composite hydrogel prepared by the in-situ synthesis method were better than those of hydrogel obtained by the simple blend metliod. In addition, the effect of the content of PVA, HA, and the pH value on tlie properties of tlie PVA/HA composite hydrogel has been discussed in detail.     

Axial buckling of perforated plates reinforced with strips and middle tubes

Global buckling of perforated plates reinforced with circumferential strip or short tube is investigated. Effects of the hole radius, width of the strip, thickness and radius of the tube and boundary conditions are studied numerically and experimentally. Axial buckling loads of the holed plates decrease versus the hole radius. By using the strip or tube, the buckling strength increases significantly. In some cases, the stiffened plate has buckling load greater than the perfect plate. Numerical studies showed that the increasing restraints at the boundaries increase the buckling strength in any case and geometry of the plate.     

基于非局部稀疏编码的超分辨率图像复原

基于压缩感知的超分辨率图像复原方法通常采用局部稀疏编码策略,对每一图像块独立编码,易产生人工的分块效应。针对上述问题,该文提出一种基于非局部稀疏编码的超分辨率图像复原方法。该算法在字典训练和图像编码过程中分别运用图像的非局部自相似先验知识,即利用低分辨率图像的插值图像训练字典,并通过计算相似块局部编码的加权平均,得到每一图像块的非局部稀疏编码。仿真实验表明,所提算法能够获得更优的复原效果,并且对于含噪图像具有较强的鲁棒性。