Nonlinear modelling and control of a common rail injection system for diesel engines

Modern trends in designing mechatronic systems call for a synergic design of the separated subsystems (mechanic, electronic parts, control modules, etc.) concurring to the overall performance. Following this point of view, this paper presents a control oriented model and a nonlinear control design for a Common Rail injection system. First a model is developed, which is tuned in a virtual simulation environment, representing the injection system in details in a reliable replication of reality. Then a sliding mode control is developed. Both the model of the injection process and of the control law are validated by a virtual detailed simulation environment. The prediction capability of the model and the control efficiency are clearly shown.     

Field-based hypotheses on advancing standards for mathematical practice

The Common Core State Standards in Mathematics (CCSSM, 2010) are organized around two types of standards: the standards for mathematical content and standards for mathematical practice. The central goal of this paper is to present cognitive and instructional analyses of standards for mathematical practice through a discussion of field-based activities with inservice secondary mathematics teachers and students. A potential value of the study is that it provides researchers with specific field-based hypotheses on advancing standards for mathematical practice.     

Common complements of two subspaces of a Hilbert space

In this paper we find a necessary and sufficient condition for two closed subspaces, and , of a Hilbert space to have a common complement, i.e. a subspace having trivial intersection with and and such that .Unlike the finite-dimensional case the condition is significantly more subtle than simple equalities of dimensions and codimensions, and non-trivial examples of subspaces without a common complement are possible.     

Banach空间中渐近非扩张非自身映射带误差Noor迭代的收敛性定理

本文主要对三个渐近非扩张非自身映射引入了一种新的投影型Noor迭代程序,并在一致凸Banach空间中给出了该Noor迭代序列的弱与强收敛性定理.我们的主要结果推广和改进了该领域许多近期的结果.     

Comment on “New types of exact solutions for nonlinear Schrodinger equation with cubic nonlinearity”

In this comment we analyze the paper [Abdelhalim Ebaid, S.M. Khaled, New types of exact solutions for nonlinear Schrodinger equation with cubic nonlinearity, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 235 (2011) 1984-1992]. Using the traveling wave, Ebaid and Khaled have found “new types of exact solutions for nonlinear Schrodinger equation with cubic nonlinearity”. We demonstrate that the authors studied the well-known nonlinear ordinary differential equation with the well-known general solution. We illustrate that Ebaid and Khaled have looked for some exact solution for the reduction of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation taking the general solution of the same equation into account.     

Allocating fixed costs and common revenue via data envelopment analysis

An issue of considerable importance involves the allocation of fixed costs or common revenue among a set of competing entities in an equitable way. Based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) theory, this paper proposes new methods for (i) allocating fixed costs to decision making units (DMUs) and (ii) distributing common revenue among DMUs, in such a way that the relative efficiencies of all DMUs remain unchanged and the allocations should reflect the relative efficiencies and the input-output scales of individual DMUs. To illustrate our methods, numerical results for an example are described in this paper.     

ICP-MS测定血中镁、铜、铅浓度时的基体效应单一内标校正方法研究

ICP-MS测定模拟全血基体中不同质量段的Mg, Cu, Pb元素,考察基体效应对测定值的影响,分别采用传统内标法和单一内标CAIS方法(common analyte internal standardization)对其进行校正和比较。结果表明CAIS方法适用于不同浓度血液基体中多种元素的同时校正,且效果良好,其相对平均误差仅为3.05%,明显低于传统内标法的12.39%和校正前的23.91%;CAIS方法不受内标元素和被测元素质量数差异、测定强度差异以及电极电位差异的限制;使用全血和血清标准物质对CAIS方法可靠性进行验证,测定值全部落在标准值范围内。     

高能激光精确指向监视系统设计及装调

为实现高能激光的有效发射,设计了一种高能激光精确指向监视系统.该系统通过调整主、次镜的相对位置来进行调焦,同时能够在100~1000m范围内对自然目标清晰成像.利用ZEMAX软件对光学系统进行设计优化,运用ZYGO干涉仪和大口径平行光管进行辅助装调,使成像系统成像角分辨率达到3.38μrad5μrad,光学系统同轴度达到4.75″≤5″,满足设计指标要求.该系统能够捕获、识别、跟踪目标,从而引导高能激光进行精确打击.     

基于S1000D标准的技术出版物公用信息管理研究

为解决飞机技术出版物中公用信息的管理问题,提高信息的重用性和数据交换的便利性。通过对S1000D标准中公用信息库(CIR)概念的介绍,结合CIR在某大型客机维修类技术出版物编写中的实际应用情况,具体说明了CIR在公用数据管理、技术出版物编写、数据交换方面的优势,及其在提高技术出版物质量方面所起的重要作用。     

Exploring inequality violations by classical hidden variables numerically

There are increasingly suggestions for computer simulations of quantum statistics which try to violate Bell type inequalities via classical, common cause correlations. The Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt (CHSH) inequality is very robust. However, we argue that with the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen setup, the CHSH is inferior to the Bell inequality, although and because the latter must assume anti-correlation of entangled photon singlet states. We simulate how often quantum behavior violates both inequalities, depending on the number of photons. Violating Bell 99% of the time is argued to be an ideal benchmark. We present hidden variables that violate the Bell and CHSH inequalities with 50% probability, and ones which violate Bell 85% of the time when missing 13% anti-correlation. We discuss how to present the quantum correlations to a wide audience and conclude that, when defending against claims of hidden classicality, one should demand numerical simulations and insist on anti-correlation and the full amount of Bell violation.