A bivariate optimal replacement policy for a cold standby repairable system with preventive repair

In this paper, the repair-replacement problem for a deteriorating cold standby repairable system is investigated. The system consists of two dissimilar components, in which component 1 is the main component with use priority and component 2 is a supplementary component. In order to extend the working time and economize the running cost of the system, preventive repair for component 1 is performed every time interval T, and the preventive repair is “as good as new”. As a supplementary component, component 2 is only used at the time that component 1 is under preventive repair or failure repair. Assumed that the failure repair of component 1 follows geometric process repair while the repair of component 2 is “as good as new”. A bivariate repair-replacement policy (T, N) is adopted for the system, where T is the interval length between preventive repairs, and N is the number of failures of component 1. The aim is to determine an optimal bivariate policy (T, N)^∗ such that the average cost rate of the system is minimized. The explicit expression of the average cost rate is derived and the corresponding optimal bivariate policy can be determined analytically or numerically. Finally, a Gamma distributed example is given to illustrate the theoretical results for the proposed model.     

Inhibition of cold rolled steel corrosion in sulphuric acid solution by 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole: Time and temperature effects treatments

2-Mercapto-1-methylimidazole (MMI) has been evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for cold rolled steel in aerated 2 M H₂SO₄ by gravimetric method. The effect of MMI on the corrosion rate was determined at various immersions time and concentrations. The effect of the temperature on the corrosion behaviour with addition of different concentrations of MMI was studied in the temperature range 30–60 °C. The MMI acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor for cold rolled in sulphuric acid medium. The inhibition process is attributed to the formation of an adsorbed film of MMI on the metal surface which protects the metal against corrosion. The protection efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration at various immersions time and decreased with increase in temperature. Adsorption of MMI on the cold rolled steel surface is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Some thermodynamic functions of dissolution and adsorption processes were also determined.     

冷原子荧光光谱法测定3种中药材中的痕量汞

采用硝酸-双氧水体系及高压消解法处理样品,建立了氢化物发生-冷原子荧光光谱法测定中药材中的痕量汞的测定方法,研究了仪器工作条件、介质酸及浓度、还原剂硼氢化钾浓度对测量结果的影响并进行了优化,在最佳实验条件下对3种云南产地中药材进行了测试,汞的校准曲线在0—10μg.L-1范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9999,方法的检出限为2.9ng.L-1,RSD为1.8%,测定的3种中药材中的汞含量为5.62—17.29ng.-g 1,加标回收率为90.3%—105.2%。     

Some topological states in one-dimensional cold atomic systems

Ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices nowadays have been widely used to mimic various models from condensed-matter physics. Recently, many great experimental progresses have been achieved for producing artificial magnetic field and spin–orbit coupling in cold atomic systems, which turn these systems into a new platform for simulating topological states. In this paper, we give a review focusing on quantum simulation of topologically protected soliton modes and topological insulators in one-dimensional cold atomic system. Firstly, the recent achievements towards quantum simulation of one-dimensional models with topological non-trivial states are reviewed, including the celebrated Jackiw–Rebbi model and Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model. Then, we will introduce a dimensional reduction method for systematically constructing high dimensional topological states in lower dimensional models and review its applications on simulating two-dimensional topological insulators in one-dimensional optical superlattices.     

IFM国际能力验证之变压器电阻法的测量

该文主要介绍IFM能力验证中线性变压器绕组温升测量的电阻法的测量方法,以及在对比测试中的注意事项和相关要求。     

Study of the performance of a thermoelectric generator transformation of the thermal energy conveyed by a heat transfer fluid into electrical energy

A mathematical model to predict the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric generator is developed to improve the performance and maximize the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric power generator. The studied device corresponds to an original configuration of thermoelectric modules mounted on the peripheral surfaces of two channels, one of the channels is crossed by hot fluid and the other by a cold fluid. First, the effect of the flow rate was studied to choose the flow rate adapted to our study for three different configurations of the thermopile, the co-current configuration, the counter-current configuration, and the sandwich configuration. Then a comparison was made to choose the best configuration between these three studied configurations by addressing their thermoelectric performances. The results revealed that the sandwich configuration is much better than the co-current and counter-current configurations and reduces the surface area occupied by the TEG by half while generating more power than a solar panel.     

微波消化冷原子荧光法测定鲨鱼肝脏中的汞

研究了冷原子荧光法测定鲨鱼肝脏中汞的工作条件。样品风干后在2 mol·L-1 HNO₃-4 mol·L-1 HCl体系中以V₂O₅为催化剂,微波消解样品,上清液中的汞被SnCl₂还原后于253.7 nm(激发光)用冷原子荧光法测定,线性范围0～0.2 ng·mL-1,r=0.999 7,检出限为0.05 ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差0.86%～2.22%,平均回收率在96.0%～108.5%,该法简便、快速、准确。     

微波消解顺序注射冷蒸汽原子荧光光谱法测定沉积物中的痕量汞

提出采用密闭微波消解结合顺序注射冷蒸汽原子荧光光谱法快速测定沉积物中痕量汞的新方法。利用10%HCl-50%HNO3-40%H2O和30%HCl-20%HNO3-50%H2O两种消解体系在140℃条件下消解5min,沉积物样品消解完全,且样品消解过程中痕量汞无损失。优化条件下,线性范围0.02～30ng.mL-1,检出限为0.5ng.g-1,RSD为3.7%(n=10)。标准参考物质GSD-2,GSD-9及GSD-10的测定值与推荐值吻合,实际样品加标回收率(91.2±4.3)%～(96.5±4.6)%。本法试剂用量少,快速准确,灵敏度高,线性范围宽,适合沉积物中的痕量汞的测定,有很好的实用价值。     

LNG冷藏车冷量回收的各种方法比较分析

液化天然气(LNG)是一种绿色的汽车燃料,LNG冷藏车是以LNG为动力燃料.存储在111K下的LNG在汽化升温过程中会释放大量的冷量,通过对冷量回收,用于低温冷藏车的冷藏运输,具有节能和环保的双重意义.文中分析了LNG冷藏车的特点,针对传统LNG冷藏车制冷方式的缺点,通过三种改进方案得以解决,并对三种方案的特点进行分析...