Adaptive RAKE receiver in chaos based pilot-added DS-CDMA system

This paper presents the theoretical analysis of adaptive multiuser RAKE receiver scheme in frequency selective fading channel for direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Least mean square (LMS) algorithm is used to estimate the channel coefficients. Chaotic sequences are used as spreading sequence and corresponding bit error rate (BER) in closed form is derived for imperfect channel estimation conditions. Performances of chaotic sequences are compared with pseudorandom noise (PN) sequences. Under perfect synchronization assumption, various simulation results are shown to investigate the performance of the proposed system.     

Mismatches Improve the Performance of Strand‐Displacement Nucleic Acid Circuits

Catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) has previously proven useful as a transduction and amplification method for nucleic acid detection. However, the two hairpin substrates in a CHA circuit can potentially react non‐specifically even in the absence of a single‐stranded catalyst, and this non‐specific background degrades the signal‐to‐noise ratio. The introduction of mismatched base pairs that impede uncatalyzed strand exchange reactions led to a significant decrease of the background signal, while only partially damping the signal in the presence of a catalyst. Various types and lengths of mismatches were assayed by fluorimetry, and in many instances, our MismatCHA designs yielded 100‐fold increased signal‐to‐background ratios compared to a ratio of 4:1 with the perfectly matched substrates. These observations could be of general utility for the design of non‐enzymatic nucleic acid circuits.     

快时变环境下 OFDM系统中的信道估计

在OFDM系统中,怎样对快时变信道进行较为准确的估计是一个具有挑战性的课题。该文在利用信道基扩展模型的基础上,提出了一种适合于快时变环境下OFDM系统的信道估计方法,并且依据使估计的均方误差最小的准则,推导了相应最优的导频序列,包括最优的导频取值和最优的导频分布。可以证明,最优的导频序列是由一些相邻的等间隔等能量的子序列构成,每个子序列的导频之间满足一定的相位关系。仿真结果表明了所提估计算法在快时变环境下的有效性和采用所推导的最优导频序列进行估计的优越性。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中一种新的联合迭代信道估计与符号检测算法

该文提出了一种MIMO-OFDM系统中基于MMSE准则的联合迭代信道估计和符号检测算法。联合迭代算法的性能取决于初始信道估计器的精度和迭代算法。首先提出了一种基于时频变换(TFT)的信道估计算法;其次提出了利用初始信道估计值与检测符号在MMSE准则下进行联合迭代信道估计和符号检测的算法。分析和仿真结果显示,在准静态和快时变信道条件下,新的联合迭代信道估计和符号检测算法有效地提高了系统性能。     

基于容量的MIMO信道发射天线选择算法

当前的MIMO系统是在假设接收端已知信道信息(CSI)而发射端未知CSI的情况下进行研究的.本文提出的发射天线选择算法是用极小的信息反馈量,即反馈一组最优的发射天线子集,就可使信道容量得到很大的增加,较传统的注水算法而言,反馈量大大减少,而容量只略微减少,从而大大降低了反馈信道的带宽.     

Iterative receiver for OFDM systems based on semi-blind channel estimation

In this paper we propose two iterative algorithms of joint channel estimation and symbol detection for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems. In which, superimposed pilot scheme is adopted and an initial Channel State Information （CSI） is obtained by employing a first-order statistic. In each subsequent iteration, we propose two algorithms to update the CSI. The Mean Square Error （MSE） of channel estimation and Bit Error Rate （BER） performance are given and simulation results demonstrate that the iterative algorithm using method B has good performance approaching the ideal condition.     

Performance of the Zero Forcing precoding MIMO broadcast systems with channel estimation errors

In this paper, the effect of channel estimation errors upon the Zero Forcing (ZF) precoding Multiple Input Multiple Output Broadcast (MIMO BC) systems was studied. Based on the two kinds of Gaussian estimation error models, the performance analysis is conducted under different power allocation strategies. Analysis and simulation show that if the covariance of channel estimation errors is independent of the received Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), imperfect channel knowledge deteriorates the sum capacity and the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance severely. However, under the situation of orthogonal training and the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation, the sum ca- pacity and BER performance are consistent with those of the perfect Channel State Information (CSI) with only a performance degradation.     

突发传输中ZP-OFDM的信道估计和跟踪

在缓变信道的突发传输模式中,信道估计通常采用前导(preamble)的方法,并假设在突发过程中信道不变。但是,由于信道实际在不同的OFDM符号中是缓变的,因此这种假设导致了系统性能的下降。在这里,针对ZP-OFDM系统,该文给出了一种低复杂度的信道估计和跟踪方法。它在突发传输的第1个OFDM符号中利用梳状导频的方法进行信道估计,在随后的OFDM符号中利用在时域只插入1位训练位的方法来实现信道的跟踪。仿真结果表明,该方法提高了系统的性能。     

带有可调通道的嵌段共聚物胶束对药物的控制释放

用聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚乙二醇(PtBA45-b-PEG114)和聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚4-乙烯基吡啶(PtBA60-b-P4VP80)制备了复合胶束. 该胶束在pH=2.5的酸性水溶液中形成以PtBA为核, PEG和P4VP为壳的稳定球型结构. 在pH=12时, 壳层的P4VP链段变为疏水, 塌缩在PtBA的核上形成内壳, PEG链段继续保持溶解状态, 与成核的PtBA连接并穿过塌陷的P4VP内壳, 形成胶束的冠, 由于PEG处于溶解状态, 其分子链间有比较大的空隙, 可以控制一些小分子通过, 在胶束的表面形成通道. 该通道类似于生物膜的蛋白通道, 可以控制PtBA核与外界进行能量或物质交换的速度. 以布洛芬为模型分子, 负载在胶束内进行药物控制释放研究的结果表明, 胶束表面的通道可以起到明显控制布洛芬释放速度的作用, 并且药物的释放速度与通道在胶束表面的比例成正比.     

一种SAR ADC电容失配自测量与数字校准技术

为了解决高分辨率逐次逼近模数转换器(SAR ADC)中,电容式数模转换器(DAC)的电容失配导致精度下降的问题,提出了一种电容失配自测量方法,以及一种可适用于各种差分电容DAC设计的低复杂度的前台数字校准方法。该方法利用自身电容阵列及比较器完成位电容失配测量,基于电容失配的转换曲线分析,对每一位输出的权重进行修正,得到实际DAC电容大小对应的正确权重,完成数字校准。数模混合电路仿真结果表明,引入电容失配的16位SAR ADC,经该方法校准后,有效位数由10.74 bit提高到15.38 bit。