Metabolomic Analysis and MRM Verification of Coarse and Fine Skin Tissues of Liaoning Cashmere Goat

One of the critical elements in evaluating the quality of cashmere is its fineness, but we still know little about how it is regulated at the metabolic level. In this paper, we use UHPLC–MS/MS detection and analysis technology to compare the difference in metabolites between coarse cashmere (CT_LCG) and fine cashmere (FT_LCG) skin of Liaoning cashmere goats. According to the data, under positive mode four metabolites were significantly up-regulated and seven were significantly down-regulated. In negative mode, seven metabolites were significantly up-regulated and fourteen metabolites were significantly down-regulated. The two groups’ most significant metabolites, Gly–Phe and taurochenodeoxycholate, may be crucial in controlling cashmere’s growth, development, and fineness. In addition, we enriched six KEGG pathways, of which cholesterol metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and bile secretion were enriched in positive and negative modes. These findings offer a new research idea for further study into the critical elements influencing cashmere’s fineness.     

白绒山羊遗传育种数据库及综合管理平台的设计与实现

为了提高育种质量和繁殖性能，减少育种研究风险和成本，采集陕北白绒山羊资源参考家系的相关育种资料，设计了一种基于Web的育种数据挖掘及管理平台。重点研究了基于遗传算法的育种数据挖掘算法以及决策支持系统、系统数据库的构建、功能模块和物理结构。应用结果表明，该方案可有效地有效解决遗传育种过程中染色体组合无序的地杂交造成优秀基因率降低和种类质量下降等问题。     

可见-近红外光谱用于鉴别山羊绒与细支绵羊毛的研究

近红外光谱作为快速、无损的检测技术,近年来在国内外越来越受到广泛关注。针对山羊绒与细支绵羊毛的可见／近红外光谱的特点,提出了应用主成分分析(PCA)结合人工神经网络（ANN）进行山 羊绒与细支绵羊毛的鉴别,并建立了羊毛、羊绒分析模型。应用可见／近红外反射光谱获取山羊绒与细支绵羊毛的光谱曲线,利用主成分分析对原始光谱数据进行处理,根据主成分的累计贡献率99.8%选 取主成分数6,并将所选取的6个主成分作为三层BP神经网络的输入。通过定标集样本对BP神经网络进行训练,用优化的BP神经网络模型对预测集样本进行预测。实验结果表明,16个未知样本的鉴别全部 正确,表明可见／近红外光谱结合主成分分析和神经网络技术对山羊绒与细支绵羊毛进行快速鉴别是可行的。     

The Improved Milk Quality and Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Acetylserotonin-O-methyltransferase (ASMT) Overexpressed Goats: An Association with the Elevated Endogenous Melatonin Production

Background: Transgenic animal production is an important means of livestock breeding and can be used to model pharmaceutical applications. Methods: In this study, to explore the biological activity of endogenously produced melatonin, Acetylserotonin-O-methyltransferase (ASMT)-overexpressed melatonin-enriched dairy goats were successfully generated through the use of pBC1-ASMT expression vector construction and prokaryotic embryo microinjection. Results: These transgenic goats have the same normal phenotype as the wild-type goats (WT). However, the melatonin levels in their blood and milk were significantly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, the quality of their milk was also improved, showing elevated protein content and a reduced somatic cell number compared to the WT goats. No significant changes were detected in the intestinal microbiota patterns between groups. When the animals were challenged by the intravenous injection of E. coli, the ASMT-overexpressed goats had a lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines compared to the WT goats. Metabolic analysis uncovered a unique arachidonic acid metabolism pattern in transgenic goats. Conclusions: The increased melatonin production due to ASMT overexpression in the transgenic goats may have contributed to their improved milk quality and enhanced the anti-inflammatory ability compared to the WT goats.     

Silver nanoparticle labeled immunoresonance scattering spectral assay for trace fibrinogen

Silver nanoparticles in size of 8.0 nm was prepared by the trisodium citrate and used to label goat anti-human fibrinogen. In the pH 5.8 Na2HPO4-NaH2O4 buffer solution (PBS) and in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and KCl, the immune reaction between silver-labeled goat anti-human fibrinogen and fibrinogen took place and led the resonance scattering intensity at 465 nm (I465) to decreasing. The I465 decreased intensity was linear to the fibrinogen concentration in the range from 0.067 to 1.67 μg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.024 μg/mL. This method was applied to determination of fibrinogen in human plasma, with satisfactory results.     

Determination of Macro- and Microelements in Cow,Goat, and Human Milk Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

The contents of macro- and microelements in cow, goat, and human milk from Croatia were measured and compared for the first time. The highest concentrations of element were measured in milk cow: calcium 1.4 g/kg, sodium 0.6 g/kg, zinc 4.0 mg/kg, strontium 0.4 mg/kg; goat: magnesium 0.2 g/kg, potassium 2.2 g/kg, iron 0.8 mg/kg, manganese 71 µg/kg, selenium 35 µg/kg, molybdenum 20 µg/kg, chromium 72 µg/kg, lithium 14 µg/kg; and human: copper 193 µg/kg. Equal content of molybdenum (20 µg/kg) was determined in cow and goat milk. Significant differences in element levels between the three species were determined. Concentrations of magnesium, manganese, selenium, chromium, and lithium in goat milk were significantly higher than in cow milk. Significantly lower levels of calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and strontium were determined in human milk than in cow and goat milk. Chromium content was significantly higher in goat than in human milk. Copper content in human milk was significantly higher than in cow milk. Correlations, mostly moderate and positive, were found between elements in cow and goat milk.     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速测定羊乳中11种磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂

建立了超高效液相-四极杆/静电场轨道阱系统(UPLC-Q-Exctive-MS/MS)快速检测羊乳中磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂(豪莫西地那非、伐地那非、氨基他达拉非、那红地那非、红地那非、伪伐地那非、那莫西地那非、硫代艾地那非、他达拉非、西地那非及羟基豪莫西地那非)的方法。样品经乙腈提取,PRiME HLB净化后,以0.1%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3(2.1×100 mm,1.8 mm)色谱柱分离。在电喷雾正离子模式下(ESI+)下优化影响全扫分辨率,结合二级质谱提高准确度。结果表明,在0~100 mg/L浓度范围,目标化合物线性关系良好,方法检出限为2.5~5.0 mg/kg,本方法在3个水平下的加标回收率为75.4%~97.8%,RSD为1.6%~6.2%。本方法成功应用于羊乳中11种磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂的快速检测。     

免疫共振散射分析法测定人血清中痕量脂蛋白(a)

在pH为7.6的Tris - HCI缓冲溶液及聚乙二醇6000 (PEG 6000)存在下,羊抗人脂蛋白(a)与脂蛋白(a)发生免疫反应形成疏水性免疫复合物微粒,导致体系的共振散射强度增强,在波长为340 nm处具有较强的共振散射峰.在选定条件下,脂蛋白(a)质量浓度在0.10～2.33μg/mL范围内与340 nm处...