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91.
新型高效电池是目前太阳能电池发展的方向。在简述太阳能光伏发电原理和传统晶硅太阳能电池成熟的制造工艺的基础上.结合对制约太阳能电池发展的转换效率提升与生产成本下降两大因素的分析,探讨了近年来新型高效电池制造工艺与技术的进展与产业化应用前景。 相似文献
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Cong Chen Yue Jiang Jiali Guo Xiayan Wu Wenhui Zhang Sujuan Wu Xingsen Gao Xiaowen Hu Qianming Wang Guofu Zhou Yiwang Chen Jun‐Ming Liu Krzysztof Kempa Jinwei Gao 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(30)
A high‐quality polycrystalline SnO2 electron‐transfer layer is synthesized through an in situ, low‐temperature, and unique butanol–water solvent‐assisted process. By choosing a mixture of butanol and water as a solvent, the crystallinity is enhanced and the crystallization temperature is lowered to 130 °C, making the process fully compatible with flexible plastic substrates. The best solar cells fabricated using these layers achieve an efficiency of 20.52% (average 19.02%) which is among the best in the class of planar n–i–p‐type perovskite (MAPbI3) solar cells. The strongly reduced crystallization temperature of the materials allows their use on a flexible substrate, with a resulting device efficiency of 18%. 相似文献
94.
Feng Wang Jiale Ma Fangyan Xie Linkai Li Jian Chen Jun Fan Ni Zhao 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(20):3417-3423
The applications of organotin halide perovskites are limited because of their chemical instability under ambient conditions. Upon air exposure, Sn2+ can be rapidly oxidized to Sn4+, causing a large variation in the electronic properties. Here, the role of organic cations in degradation is investigated by comparing methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) and formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3). Through chemical analyses and theoretical calculations, it is found that the organic cation strongly influences the oxidation of Sn2+ and the binding of H2O molecules to the perovskite lattice. On the one hand, Sn2+ can be easily oxidized to Sn4+ in MASnI3, and replacing MA with FA reduces the extent of Sn oxidation; on the other hand, FA forms a stronger hydrogen bond with H2O than does MA, leading to partial expansion of the perovskite network. The two processes compete in determining the material's conductivity. It is noted that the oxidation is a difficult process to prevent, while the water effect can be largely suppressed by reducing the moisture level. As a result, FASnI3‐based conductors and photovoltaic cells exhibit much better reproducibility as compared to MASnI3‐based devices. This study sheds light on the development of stable Pb‐free perovskite optoelectronic devices through new material design. 相似文献
95.
Antonio Sánchez‐Díaz Marta Izquierdo Salvatore Filippone Nazario Martin Emilio Palomares 《Advanced functional materials》2010,20(16):2695-2700
Organic solar cells made using a blend of DPM12 and P3HT are studied. The results show that higher Voc can be obtained when using DPM12 in comparison to the usual mono‐substituted PCBM electron acceptor. Moreover, better device performances are also registered when the cells are irradiated with sun‐simulated light of 10–50 mW cm?2 intensity. Electrochemical and time‐resolved spectroscopic measurements are compared for both devices and a 100‐mV shift in the density of states (DOS) is observed for DPM12/P3HT devices with respect to PCBM/P3HT solar cells and slow polaron‐recombination dynamics are found for the DPM12/P3HT devices. These observations can be directly correlated with the observed increase in Voc, which is in contrast with previous results that correlated the higher Voc with different ideality factors obtained using dark‐diode measurements. The origin for the shift in the DOS can be correlated to the crystallinity of the blend that is influenced by the properties of the included fullerene. 相似文献
96.
Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Films with Au and MoOx Nanoparticles as Efficient p‐Contact Electrodes for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Sumit S. Bhosale Efat Jokar Amir Fathi Cheng‐Min Tsai Chi‐Yung Wang Eric Wei‐Guang Diau 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(37)
A graphene oxide (GO) film is functionalized with metal (Au) and metal‐oxide (MoOx) nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole‐extraction layer for high‐performance inverted planar‐heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). These NPs can increase the work function of GO, which is confirmed with X‐ray photoelectron spectra, Kelvin probe force microscopy, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectra measurements. The down‐shifts of work functions lead to a decreased level of potential energy and hence increased Voc of the PSC devices. Although the GO‐AuNP film shows rapid hole extraction and increased Voc, a Jsc improvement is not observed because of localization of the extracted holes inside the AuNP that leads to rapid charge recombination, which is confirmed with transient photoelectric measurements. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the GO‐AuNP device attains 14.6%, which is comparable with that of the GO‐based device (14.4%). In contrast, the rapid hole extraction from perovskite to the GO‐MoOx layer does not cause trapping of holes and delocalization of holes in the GO film accelerates rapid charge transfer to the indium tin oxide substrate; charge recombination in the perovskite/GO‐MoOx interface is hence significantly retarded. The GO‐MoOx device consequently shows significantly enhanced Voc and Jsc, for which its device performance attains PCE of 16.7% with great reproducibility and enduring stability. 相似文献
97.
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Hyunwoo Kim Younghoon You Dongkyu Kang Dasom Jeon Sanghyun Bae Yoonkyung Shin Joonseok Lee Jiseok Lee Jungki Ryu 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(51)
The design and fabrication of solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion devices are enabled through interweaving multiple components with various morphologies and unique functions using a versatile layer‐by‐layer assembly method. Cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes are used as an electrostatic adhesive to assemble the following functional materials: plasmonic Ag nanoparticles for improved light harvesting, upconversion nanoparticles for utilization of near‐infrared light, and polyoxometalate water oxidation catalysts for enhanced catalytic activity. Polyelectrolytes also have an additional function of passivating the surface recombination centers of the underlying photoelectrode. These functional components are precisely assembled on a model photoanode (e.g., Fe2O3 and BiVO4) in a desired order and various combinations without degradation of their intrinsic properties. As a result, the performance of water oxidation photoanodes is synergistically enhanced. This study can enable the design and fabrication of novel solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion devices. 相似文献
100.
太阳高度角对图像能量的影响及其校正 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在研究以太阳光为主的可见光波段的大气辐射传输过程中,成像时遥感器位置的变化导致了太阳高度角有所变化,从而使图像接收的能量有所不同。阐明了太阳高度角的基本概念并利用辐射传输模型Modtran5定量分析了不同太阳高度角对遥感器入瞳处能量的差别,在总结其他学者研究天顶角校正的基础上通过数值模拟的方法建立不同天顶角时刻的辐射能量同0°天顶角的辐射能量的关系模型,从而实现校正。校正后的入瞳处辐亮度同原0°天顶角辐亮度对比,结果相对误差小于1%,校正结果较为理想。 相似文献